The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter J. Robins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. The compressive strengths of the cast cubes, although very similar, were usually slightly greater than the in␣situ cubes, the opposite of what was found for Wet-sprayed mortars (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Inconsistent results for compressive and flexural strengths obtained from spraying directly into a steel mould suggest that this method is not as reliable when using a piston pump as it is when using a low-output worm pump (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). The bond strength of all the mixes exceeded 2.1 MPa at 7 days. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were similar to published data for this relationship. The sorptivity values showed only a slight relationship with the compressive strength. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
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Construction and repair with Wet-Process sprayed concrete and mortar
2002Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:Purpose of the report The aim of the report is to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, contractors and clients on all aspects of low-volume Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes. It provides information on both new construction and small-scale repair and covers choice of application method, materials and mixes, specification, pumping and spraying, finishing, curing, testing and performance. The information is a combination of existing good practice and new knowledge acquired during a recently-completed three-year research project conducted at Loughborough University entitled ‘Wet Process Sprayed Concrete for Repair’. This was funded by both the UK Government (the EPSRC) and industry, namely Balvac Whitley Moran, Fibre Technology, Fosroc International, Gunform International Ltd and Putzmeister UK Ltd. This document concentrates on Wet-Process mortars and small aggregate concretes (< 8 mm) applied in thin layers (
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Construction and repair with Wet Process sprayed concrete and mortar: Concrete Society Technical Report 56
2002Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:The aim of Technical Report 56, Construction and repair with Wet Process sprayed concrete and mortar is to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, contractors and clients on all aspects of low-volume Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes.
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The hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars [Published title: The performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars]
2000Co-Authors: Simon A. Austin, Peter J. Robins, Chris I. GoodierAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a three year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars. Seven commercially available pre-packaged repair mortars were pumped and sprayed through a worm pump, three through a piston pump and two through a dry spray machine. A laboratory designed mortar was also worm and piston pumped. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, modulus of elasticity, air permeability, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In-situ test specimens were extracted from 500mmx500mmx100mm deep sprayed panels. Tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. A new test to quantify the degree of reinforcement encasement has been developed and an initial investigation into the measurement of the restrained shrinkage of in-situ repairs is presented. The compressive and flexural strengths of the laboratory mix were comparable with the best of the commercially available preblended mortars. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were lower than published formulas for this relationship would suggest, especially at lower strengths. The air permeability of most of the mortars was lower than that for normal Wet-cured concrete and decreased with an increase in compressive strength. The sorptivity values showed no clear relationship with the compressive strength. The type of Wet-Process pump was found to have little effect on the insitu compressive and flexural strengths, but did affect the bond strength, although mainly due to the stream velocity and w/c ratio rather than the pumping Process. The pump type also effected the reinforcement encasement with higher stream velocities producing better encasement. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
Chris I. Goodier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. The compressive strengths of the cast cubes, although very similar, were usually slightly greater than the in␣situ cubes, the opposite of what was found for Wet-sprayed mortars (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Inconsistent results for compressive and flexural strengths obtained from spraying directly into a steel mould suggest that this method is not as reliable when using a piston pump as it is when using a low-output worm pump (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). The bond strength of all the mixes exceeded 2.1 MPa at 7 days. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were similar to published data for this relationship. The sorptivity values showed only a slight relationship with the compressive strength. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
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Construction and repair with Wet-Process sprayed concrete and mortar
2002Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:Purpose of the report The aim of the report is to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, contractors and clients on all aspects of low-volume Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes. It provides information on both new construction and small-scale repair and covers choice of application method, materials and mixes, specification, pumping and spraying, finishing, curing, testing and performance. The information is a combination of existing good practice and new knowledge acquired during a recently-completed three-year research project conducted at Loughborough University entitled ‘Wet Process Sprayed Concrete for Repair’. This was funded by both the UK Government (the EPSRC) and industry, namely Balvac Whitley Moran, Fibre Technology, Fosroc International, Gunform International Ltd and Putzmeister UK Ltd. This document concentrates on Wet-Process mortars and small aggregate concretes (< 8 mm) applied in thin layers (
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The hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars [Published title: The performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars]
2000Co-Authors: Simon A. Austin, Peter J. Robins, Chris I. GoodierAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a three year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars. Seven commercially available pre-packaged repair mortars were pumped and sprayed through a worm pump, three through a piston pump and two through a dry spray machine. A laboratory designed mortar was also worm and piston pumped. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, modulus of elasticity, air permeability, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In-situ test specimens were extracted from 500mmx500mmx100mm deep sprayed panels. Tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. A new test to quantify the degree of reinforcement encasement has been developed and an initial investigation into the measurement of the restrained shrinkage of in-situ repairs is presented. The compressive and flexural strengths of the laboratory mix were comparable with the best of the commercially available preblended mortars. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were lower than published formulas for this relationship would suggest, especially at lower strengths. The air permeability of most of the mortars was lower than that for normal Wet-cured concrete and decreased with an increase in compressive strength. The sorptivity values showed no clear relationship with the compressive strength. The type of Wet-Process pump was found to have little effect on the insitu compressive and flexural strengths, but did affect the bond strength, although mainly due to the stream velocity and w/c ratio rather than the pumping Process. The pump type also effected the reinforcement encasement with higher stream velocities producing better encasement. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
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THE PERFORMANCE OF HARDENED Wet-Process SPRAYED MORTARS
Magazine of Concrete Research, 2000Co-Authors: Simon A. Austin, Peter J. Robins, Chris I. GoodierAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a three-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed mortars. Seven commercially available preblended repair mortars were pumped and sprayed through a worm pump, three through a piston pump and two through a dry-spray machine. A laboratory-designed mortar was also worm and piston pumped. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, modulus of elasticity, air permeability, sorptivity, and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 mm × 500 mm × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. A new test to quantify the degree of reinforcement encasement has been developed and an initial investigation into the measurement of the restrained shrinkage ...
Simon A. Austin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould.
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Low-volume Wet-Process sprayed concrete: hardened properties
Materials and Structures, 2007Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a 3-year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet-Process sprayed fine concretes. It follows on from an earlier paper by the authors on the performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars and some comparisons with these are made here (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Work has also been completed by the authors on the pumping and rheology of the fine concrete mixes presented here (Austin SA, Goodier, CI, Robins PJ (2005). Mater Struc, RILEM 38:229–237). Nine laboratory-designed fine concretes were pumped and sprayed through a Wet-Process piston pump and one through a dry-Process pump. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, elastic modulus, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In situ test specimens were extracted from 500 × 500 × 100 mm deep sprayed panels. Hardened property tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. The compressive strengths of the cast cubes, although very similar, were usually slightly greater than the in␣situ cubes, the opposite of what was found for Wet-sprayed mortars (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). Inconsistent results for compressive and flexural strengths obtained from spraying directly into a steel mould suggest that this method is not as reliable when using a piston pump as it is when using a low-output worm pump (Austin SA, Robins PJ, Goodier CI (2000). Magz Concr Res 52:195–208). The bond strength of all the mixes exceeded 2.1 MPa at 7 days. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were similar to published data for this relationship. The sorptivity values showed only a slight relationship with the compressive strength. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
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Construction and repair with Wet-Process sprayed concrete and mortar
2002Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:Purpose of the report The aim of the report is to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, contractors and clients on all aspects of low-volume Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes. It provides information on both new construction and small-scale repair and covers choice of application method, materials and mixes, specification, pumping and spraying, finishing, curing, testing and performance. The information is a combination of existing good practice and new knowledge acquired during a recently-completed three-year research project conducted at Loughborough University entitled ‘Wet Process Sprayed Concrete for Repair’. This was funded by both the UK Government (the EPSRC) and industry, namely Balvac Whitley Moran, Fibre Technology, Fosroc International, Gunform International Ltd and Putzmeister UK Ltd. This document concentrates on Wet-Process mortars and small aggregate concretes (< 8 mm) applied in thin layers (
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Construction and repair with Wet Process sprayed concrete and mortar: Concrete Society Technical Report 56
2002Co-Authors: Chris I. Goodier, Simon A. Austin, Peter J. RobinsAbstract:The aim of Technical Report 56, Construction and repair with Wet Process sprayed concrete and mortar is to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, contractors and clients on all aspects of low-volume Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes.
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The hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars [Published title: The performance of hardened Wet-Process sprayed mortars]
2000Co-Authors: Simon A. Austin, Peter J. Robins, Chris I. GoodierAbstract:This paper, which reports on part of a three year research project into Wet-Process sprayed mortars and concretes for repair, investigates the hardened performance of Wet Process sprayed mortars. Seven commercially available pre-packaged repair mortars were pumped and sprayed through a worm pump, three through a piston pump and two through a dry spray machine. A laboratory designed mortar was also worm and piston pumped. The properties measured included compressive and flexural strength, tensile bond strength, hardened density, modulus of elasticity, air permeability, sorptivity and drying and restrained shrinkage. In-situ test specimens were extracted from 500mmx500mmx100mm deep sprayed panels. Tests were also conducted on corresponding cast specimens and, where possible, on specimens that had been sprayed directly into a cube or beam mould. A new test to quantify the degree of reinforcement encasement has been developed and an initial investigation into the measurement of the restrained shrinkage of in-situ repairs is presented. The compressive and flexural strengths of the laboratory mix were comparable with the best of the commercially available preblended mortars. The values for modulus of elasticity, when compared with the compressive strength, were lower than published formulas for this relationship would suggest, especially at lower strengths. The air permeability of most of the mortars was lower than that for normal Wet-cured concrete and decreased with an increase in compressive strength. The sorptivity values showed no clear relationship with the compressive strength. The type of Wet-Process pump was found to have little effect on the insitu compressive and flexural strengths, but did affect the bond strength, although mainly due to the stream velocity and w/c ratio rather than the pumping Process. The pump type also effected the reinforcement encasement with higher stream velocities producing better encasement. The mixes exhibited a wide range of drying shrinkage, but the data from the restrained specimens suggest an actual repair is influenced as much by ambient conditions as it is by the mix proportions.
S.d. Chavhan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecule-based monochromatic and polychromatic OLEDs with Wet-Process feasibility
Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2018Co-Authors: Jwo Huei Jou, Snehasis Sahoo, Deepak Kumar Dubey, Rohit Ashok Kumar Yadav, Sujith Sudheendran Swayamprabha, S.d. ChavhanAbstract:Wet-Process enables organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to be made cost-effectively via a continuous Process, such as roll-to-roll manufacturing. Initially, Wet-Process based OLEDs used to be fabricated with polymer-based emitters and/or host materials. However, small molecules that can be Processed using a Wet-Process are more promising for commercialization due to easier control over their molecular weight, purification, solution viscosity, layer thickness, and uniformity. We have hence reviewed herein (i) what constitutes the essential materials for Wet-Process feasible OLEDs, (ii) applicable Wet-Process technologies, and (iii) reported Wet-Processed mono- and polychromatic OLED devices with sound efficiency performance. And last, but not least, we have pointed out the most critical challenges that Wet-Processed electronics including OLED must face before gaining sufficient ground for competition and turning into disruptive technology. These include issues such as multiple-layer feasibility, film integrity, film forming capability, and device lifetime.
Jwo Huei Jou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecule-based monochromatic and polychromatic OLEDs with Wet-Process feasibility
Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2018Co-Authors: Jwo Huei Jou, Snehasis Sahoo, Deepak Kumar Dubey, Rohit Ashok Kumar Yadav, Sujith Sudheendran Swayamprabha, S.d. ChavhanAbstract:Wet-Process enables organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to be made cost-effectively via a continuous Process, such as roll-to-roll manufacturing. Initially, Wet-Process based OLEDs used to be fabricated with polymer-based emitters and/or host materials. However, small molecules that can be Processed using a Wet-Process are more promising for commercialization due to easier control over their molecular weight, purification, solution viscosity, layer thickness, and uniformity. We have hence reviewed herein (i) what constitutes the essential materials for Wet-Process feasible OLEDs, (ii) applicable Wet-Process technologies, and (iii) reported Wet-Processed mono- and polychromatic OLED devices with sound efficiency performance. And last, but not least, we have pointed out the most critical challenges that Wet-Processed electronics including OLED must face before gaining sufficient ground for competition and turning into disruptive technology. These include issues such as multiple-layer feasibility, film integrity, film forming capability, and device lifetime.
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Wet-Process feasible candlelight OLED
J. Mater. Chem. C, 2016Co-Authors: Jwo Huei Jou, Zhe-kai He, Snehasis Sahoo, Sun Zen Chen, Hui Huan Yu, Shih-hao Liu, Yu Ting Su, Ching-wu Wang, Jia-ren LeeAbstract:Candlelight-based, blue-hazard free lighting sources are friendly to the\nhuman eye and physiology, museum artifacts, ecosystems, the environment,\nand the night sky. Wet Processing enables organic devices to be\nfabricated cost-effectively with a large area-size via continuous\nroll-to-roll manufacturing. We demonstrate here a candlelight organic\nlight-emitting diode (OLED) using a Wet Process to deposit at least the\nlayers of emission, hole-injection, and hole-transportation. The\nresulting 1918 K candlelight OLED is about 50 and 15 times safer to the\nretina and in terms of melatonin generation protection, respectively, as\ncompared with the 5000 K white LED, CFL and OLED. It can reach a maximum\nbrightness of 38000 cd m(-2), equivalent to 42 000 candlelight in one\nsquare meter, and its efficacy is 300 times that of candle and 3 times\nthat of an incandescent bulb. This study may serve as a starting point\nto begin a healthy-light based ``Lighting Renaissance{''} with feasible\ncommercialization.
