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James T Anderson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparison of wetland characteristics between agricultural conservation easement program and public lands Wetlands in west virginia usa
Ecology and Evolution, 2020Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, James T AndersonAbstract:In West Virginia, USA, there are 24 conservation easement program Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP). These Wetlands are located on private agricultural land and are passively managed. Due to their location within fragmented agricultural areas, Wetlands enrolled in ACEP in West Virginia have the potential to add wetland ecosystem services in areas that are lacking these features. We evaluated ACEP Wetlands compared to reference Wetlands on public land in West Virginia by using surrounding land cover, vegetative cover, and wetland features and stressors such as the presence or absence of erosion, upland inclusion, algal mats, and evidence of impacts from the surrounding landscape as surrogate measurements of wetland function on 13 ACEP Wetlands and 10 reference Wetlands. ACEP Wetlands had higher percentages of tree coverage and a higher proportion of agricultural land in the areas immediately surrounding the wetland. Reference Wetlands had higher percent coverage of emergent vegetation and had a higher proportion of forest in the immediate landscape. Our findings suggest that ACEP Wetlands provide valuable early successional and forested wetland cover in a state that is largely forested. Because of this, it is important to maintain and even expand ACEP in West Virginia to continue providing a valuable source of early successional wetland habitat.
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influence of the agricultural conservation easement program wetland practices on winter occupancy of passerellidae sparrows and avian species richness
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, Christopher M. Lituma, James T AndersonAbstract:Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) are established as a means of restoring wetland ecosystems and wildlife habitat on private, agricultural land. In West Virginia, USA, ACEP Wetlands have never been evaluated to determine how they function as wildlife habitat in comparison to other available wetland habitat in the state. We measured the wintering occupancy of Passerellidae species and apparent avian species richness on ACEP Wetlands and a set of reference Wetlands located on public land in West Virginia to evaluate if ACEP Wetlands are being used similarly by avian species to other available wetland habitat in the state. Apparent avian species richness and the occupancy probability of four Passerellidae species-song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), swamp sparrows (Melospiza georgiana), and white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis)-did not differ between ACEP and reference sites. In addition to other vegetative and habitat associations for each species, dark-eyed junco occupancy was negatively correlated with wetland size while swamp sparrow occupancy and apparent avian species richness were positively associated with wetland size. These results indicate that ACEP Wetlands are providing winter avian habitat as well as another source of wetland habitat in the state. Maintaining and expanding ACEP Wetlands in West Virginia would continue to provide wetland systems in areas that are otherwise lacking these habitats.
Katharine E Lewis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparison of wetland characteristics between agricultural conservation easement program and public lands Wetlands in west virginia usa
Ecology and Evolution, 2020Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, James T AndersonAbstract:In West Virginia, USA, there are 24 conservation easement program Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP). These Wetlands are located on private agricultural land and are passively managed. Due to their location within fragmented agricultural areas, Wetlands enrolled in ACEP in West Virginia have the potential to add wetland ecosystem services in areas that are lacking these features. We evaluated ACEP Wetlands compared to reference Wetlands on public land in West Virginia by using surrounding land cover, vegetative cover, and wetland features and stressors such as the presence or absence of erosion, upland inclusion, algal mats, and evidence of impacts from the surrounding landscape as surrogate measurements of wetland function on 13 ACEP Wetlands and 10 reference Wetlands. ACEP Wetlands had higher percentages of tree coverage and a higher proportion of agricultural land in the areas immediately surrounding the wetland. Reference Wetlands had higher percent coverage of emergent vegetation and had a higher proportion of forest in the immediate landscape. Our findings suggest that ACEP Wetlands provide valuable early successional and forested wetland cover in a state that is largely forested. Because of this, it is important to maintain and even expand ACEP in West Virginia to continue providing a valuable source of early successional wetland habitat.
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influence of the agricultural conservation easement program wetland practices on winter occupancy of passerellidae sparrows and avian species richness
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, Christopher M. Lituma, James T AndersonAbstract:Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) are established as a means of restoring wetland ecosystems and wildlife habitat on private, agricultural land. In West Virginia, USA, ACEP Wetlands have never been evaluated to determine how they function as wildlife habitat in comparison to other available wetland habitat in the state. We measured the wintering occupancy of Passerellidae species and apparent avian species richness on ACEP Wetlands and a set of reference Wetlands located on public land in West Virginia to evaluate if ACEP Wetlands are being used similarly by avian species to other available wetland habitat in the state. Apparent avian species richness and the occupancy probability of four Passerellidae species-song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), swamp sparrows (Melospiza georgiana), and white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis)-did not differ between ACEP and reference sites. In addition to other vegetative and habitat associations for each species, dark-eyed junco occupancy was negatively correlated with wetland size while swamp sparrow occupancy and apparent avian species richness were positively associated with wetland size. These results indicate that ACEP Wetlands are providing winter avian habitat as well as another source of wetland habitat in the state. Maintaining and expanding ACEP Wetlands in West Virginia would continue to provide wetland systems in areas that are otherwise lacking these habitats.
Christopher T Rota - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparison of wetland characteristics between agricultural conservation easement program and public lands Wetlands in west virginia usa
Ecology and Evolution, 2020Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, James T AndersonAbstract:In West Virginia, USA, there are 24 conservation easement program Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP). These Wetlands are located on private agricultural land and are passively managed. Due to their location within fragmented agricultural areas, Wetlands enrolled in ACEP in West Virginia have the potential to add wetland ecosystem services in areas that are lacking these features. We evaluated ACEP Wetlands compared to reference Wetlands on public land in West Virginia by using surrounding land cover, vegetative cover, and wetland features and stressors such as the presence or absence of erosion, upland inclusion, algal mats, and evidence of impacts from the surrounding landscape as surrogate measurements of wetland function on 13 ACEP Wetlands and 10 reference Wetlands. ACEP Wetlands had higher percentages of tree coverage and a higher proportion of agricultural land in the areas immediately surrounding the wetland. Reference Wetlands had higher percent coverage of emergent vegetation and had a higher proportion of forest in the immediate landscape. Our findings suggest that ACEP Wetlands provide valuable early successional and forested wetland cover in a state that is largely forested. Because of this, it is important to maintain and even expand ACEP in West Virginia to continue providing a valuable source of early successional wetland habitat.
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influence of the agricultural conservation easement program wetland practices on winter occupancy of passerellidae sparrows and avian species richness
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Katharine E Lewis, Christopher T Rota, Christopher M. Lituma, James T AndersonAbstract:Wetlands enrolled in the Agricultural Conservation Easement Program (ACEP) are established as a means of restoring wetland ecosystems and wildlife habitat on private, agricultural land. In West Virginia, USA, ACEP Wetlands have never been evaluated to determine how they function as wildlife habitat in comparison to other available wetland habitat in the state. We measured the wintering occupancy of Passerellidae species and apparent avian species richness on ACEP Wetlands and a set of reference Wetlands located on public land in West Virginia to evaluate if ACEP Wetlands are being used similarly by avian species to other available wetland habitat in the state. Apparent avian species richness and the occupancy probability of four Passerellidae species-song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), dark-eyed juncos (Junco hyemalis), swamp sparrows (Melospiza georgiana), and white-throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis)-did not differ between ACEP and reference sites. In addition to other vegetative and habitat associations for each species, dark-eyed junco occupancy was negatively correlated with wetland size while swamp sparrow occupancy and apparent avian species richness were positively associated with wetland size. These results indicate that ACEP Wetlands are providing winter avian habitat as well as another source of wetland habitat in the state. Maintaining and expanding ACEP Wetlands in West Virginia would continue to provide wetland systems in areas that are otherwise lacking these habitats.
William J. Mitsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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wetland creation and restoration
Reference Module in Life Sciences#R##N#Encyclopedia of Biodiversity (Second Edition), 2013Co-Authors: William J. MitschAbstract:Wetlands provide some of the most biodiverse landscapes in the world. There are several definitions of Wetlands around the world, yet by most estimates, the world has lost half of its Wetlands, which now cover about 6–8% of the terrestrial land. Wetland creation and wetland restoration are now practiced around the world to restore or create habitat to enhance biodiversity, improve water quality, mitigate flooding, provide coastal protection, and sequester carbon. Examples of wetland creation and restoration from the Florida Everglades, deltas of Louisiana and Mesopotamia, riverine Wetlands of the Skjern River in Denmark and the Mississippi River Basin in the USA and coastal Wetlands of Delaware Bay are presented as are principles for carrying out that restoration and creation correctly.
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structural and functional vegetation development in created and restored wetland mitigation banks of different ages
Ecological Engineering, 2012Co-Authors: Kay C Stefanik, William J. MitschAbstract:Abstract Vegetation surveys of seven Ohio wetland sites were conducted from 2008 to 2010 during peak biomass. These seven sites included five created/restored mitigation bank Wetlands, a created riverine research wetland, and a natural reference wetland. All of the created/restored Wetlands ranged in age from 3 to 18 years. The objective of this study was to examine the development of vegetation structure and function of mitigation bank Wetlands less then 20 years of age and to compare these to reference Wetlands. Vegetation structure examined included species richness, floristic quality assessment index (FQAI), Shannon–Wiener diversity index (H), and community diversity index (CDI). Functional attributes included aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) and functional group composition of dominant species. For both structure and function, the reference Wetlands were statistically different from the wetland mitigation bank sites (P
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improving the success of wetland creation and restoration with know how time and self design
Ecological Applications, 1996Co-Authors: William J. Mitsch, Renee F WilsonAbstract:The creation and restoration of new Wetlands for mitigation of lost wetland habitat is a newly developing science/technology that is still seeking to define and achieve success of these Wetlands. Fundamental requirements for achieving success of wetland creation and restoration projects are: understanding wetland function; giving the system time; and allowing for the self-designing capacity of nature. Mitigation projects involving freshwater marshes should require enough time, closer to 15-20 yr than 5 yr, to judge the success or lack thereof. Restoration and creation of forested Wetlands, coastal Wetlands, or peatlands may require even more time. Ecosystem-level research and ecosystem modelling development may provide guidance on when created and restored Wetlands can be expected to comply with criteria that measure their success. Full-scale experimentation is now be- ginning to increase our understanding of wetland function at the larger spatial scales and longer time scales than those of most ecological experiments. Predictive ecological mod- elling may enable ecologists to estimate how long it will take the mitigation wetland to achieve steady state.
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landscape design and the role of created restored and natural riparian Wetlands in controlling nonpoint source pollution
Ecological Engineering, 1992Co-Authors: William J. MitschAbstract:Abstract General design principles, landscape locations, and case studies of natural and constructed riverine Wetlands for the control of nonpoint source (NPS) water pollution are presented. General design principles of wetland construction for NPS pollution control emphasize self-design and minimum maintenance systems, with an emphasis on function over form and biological form over rigid designs. These Wetlands can be located as instream Wetlands or as floodplain riparian Wetlands, can be located as several Wetlands in upstream reaches or fewer in downstream reaches of a watershed, and can be designed as terraced Wetlands in steep terrain. Case studies of a natural riparian wetland in southern Illinois, an instream wetland in a downstream location in a northern Ohio watershed, and several constructed riparian Wetlands in northeastern Illinois demonstrate a wide range of sediment and phosphorus retention, with greater efficiencies generally present in the constructed Wetlands (63–96% retention of phosphorus) than in natural Wetlands (4–10% retention of phosphorus). By itself, this could be misleading since the natural Wetlands have much higher loading rates and actually retain an amount of nutrients comparable to constructed Wetlands (1–4 g P m −2 year −1 ).
Darold P Batzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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snail mollusca gastropoda assemblages as indicators of ecological condition in freshwater Wetlands of northeastern china
Ecological Indicators, 2017Co-Authors: Qiang Guan, Darold P BatzerAbstract:The utility of aquatic macroinvertebrates as indicators of the ecological conditions has long been established in rivers and streams. However, useful invertebrate indicators of wetland conditions remain more poorly developed probably because wetland macroinvertebrates have many attributes that reduce their ability to reflect wetland environmental quality. Snails, however, possess several attributes that should make them useful as potential environmental indicators. In this study, we sampled snail assemblages in 16 Wetlands across a range of conditions, from relatively pristine “best available” reference sites to obviously human-impacted sites in Northeastern China’s Sanjiang Plain. We aimed to investigate the utility of snail taxa for indicating environmental variation across these wetland habitats. Results showed that study Wetlands divided into three major groups using multivariate analyses: the five Wetlands provided the most protection and having the least impacts grouped as apparent “references”, and ten other Wetlands in obviously developed areas separated into two other groups of Wetlands. Overall snail abundance was higher in the reference Wetlands than the impacted Wetlands. Seven of the snail species were indicators of specific wetland types. Five pulmonate species including Segmentina nitida, Segmentina hemisphaerula, and Planorbis corneus, Aplexa hypnorum (Physidae), and Galba pervia (Lymnaeidae) were indicators of reference Wetlands. Non-pulmonate Bithynia ussuriensis (Bithyniidae) and Valvata sibirica (Valvatidae) were indicators of one of the categories of impacted Wetlands. In NE China, snail assemblages and certain indicator species may provide a robust and rapid indicator of environmental impacts on Wetlands. Because snails are distributed widely and are generally easy to sample and identify, this overall approach should have applicability in the many Wetlands worldwide where diverse snail assemblages naturally occur.
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ecology of freshwater and estuarine Wetlands
Ecology of freshwater and estuarine wetlands., 2007Co-Authors: Darold P Batzer, Rebecca R SharitzAbstract:List of Contributors Preface 1. Ecology of Freshwater and Estuarine Wetlands: An Introduction What Is a Wetland? Why Are Wetlands Important? Wetland Loss and Degradation What This Book Covers 2. Wetland Geomorphology, Soils, and Formative Processes Wetland Geomorphology and Wetland Soils Specific Wetland Types: Formative Processes, Geomorphology, and Soils Conclusions 3. Wetland Hydrology Hillslope Hydrologic Processes Geomorphic Controls on Wetland Hydrology Wetland Water Budgets Hydropattern Hydraulics and Water Quality Effects of Land Use Changes on Wetland Hydrology 4. Abiotic Constraints for Wetland Plants and Animals Hydrology Salinity 5. Biogeochemistry and Bacterial Ecology of Hydrologically Dynamic Wetlands Chapter Themes A Primer on Wetland Bacteriology The Hydrology of Temporary Wetlands Biogeochemical Cycles in Temporary Wetlands Organic-matter Decay in Temporary Wetlands Nutrient Uptake and Release in Temporary Wetlands Integration and Synthesis: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, and Sediments in Temporary Wetlands Integration and Synthesis: Biogeochemistry, Hydrology, and Aquatic Plants in Temporary Wetlands 6. Development of Wetland Plant Communities Importance of Hydrologic Conditions Plant Community Development Plant Distributions in Wetlands Primary Productivity Limiting Nutrients in Wetlands Characteristics of Selected Wetlands 7. Wetland Animal Ecology Trophic Ecology Community Ecology Focal Wetland Animals 8. Wetland Ecosystem Processes Wetlands as Ecosystems Generation and Retention of High Amounts of Organic Matter Fluxes of Organic Matter and Energy in Aquatic Ecosystems Attached Microbial Community Metabolism and Interactions Modulation of Macrophytes and Periphyton by Mortality and Losses: What Do They Mean to Higher Trophic Levels? Defensive Mechanisms and Allelochemical Communication" Within Wetlands Potential Effects of Global Changes in Climate and Related Environmental Conditions on Ecosystem Processes 9. United States Wetland Regulation and Policy Wetland Definitions Federal Jurisdiction of Wetlands Wetland Delineation Wetland Functions and Values Functional Assessment Methods Summary 10. Wetland Restoration Catastrophic Versus Chronic Degradation Enabling Restoration Efforts Restore What? Identifying Feasible Goals How Theory Can Help Restoring Functions at the Watershed Scale Site-based Tactics Surprises and Their Lessons Evaluating Progress and Outcomes Long-term Stewardship Adaptive Restoration: An Approach That Simultaneously Advances Ecology and Accomplishes Restoration 11. Flood Pulsing and the Development and Maintenance of Biodiversity in Floodplains Characterization of Flood-pulsing Systems Definition and Classification of Wetland Organisms Strategies to Survive Flooding and Drought Speciation and Extinction: The Impact of Paleoclimatic History on Species Diversity Species Exchange Between Floodplains and Permanent Water Bodies Species Exchange Between Floodplains and Terrestrial Habitats Species Exchange Between Different Floodplains Species Exchange Between Intertidal Wetlands and Other Habitats Altering the Flood Pulse: Impacts on Biodiversity Conclusions 12. Consequences for Wetlands of a Changing Global Environment Assumptions Effects on Carbon Balance Effects on Species Composition and Redistribution Effects on Wetland Types Management and Policy Options Summary Literature Cited Index
