The Experts below are selected from a list of 11817 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Murad Ghanim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.
Frontiers in physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp 70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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Image_2_Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.TIF
2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here, we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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Data_Sheet_1_Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here, we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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Diversity and Phylogenetic Analyses of Bacterial Symbionts in Three Whitefly Species from Southeast Europe
MDPI AG, 2017Co-Authors: Marisa Skaljac, Surapathrudu Kanakala, Katja Zanic, Jasna Puizina, Ivana Lepen Pleic, Murad GhanimAbstract:Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood), and Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday) are Whitefly species that harm agricultural crops in many regions of the world. These insects live in close association with bacterial symbionts that affect host fitness and adaptation to the environment. In the current study, we surveyed the infection of Whitefly populations in Southeast Europe by various bacterial symbionts and performed phylogenetic analyses on the different symbionts detected. Arsenophonus and Hamiltonella were the most prevalent symbionts in all three Whitefly species. Rickettsia was found to infect mainly B. tabaci, while Wolbachia mainly infected both B. tabaci and S. phillyreae. Furthermore, Cardinium was rarely found in the investigated Whitefly populations, while Fritschea was never found in any of the Whitefly species tested. Phylogenetic analyses revealed a diversity of several symbionts (e.g., Hamiltonella, Arsenophonus, Rickettsia), which appeared in several clades. Reproductively isolated B. tabaci and T. vaporariorum shared the same (or highly similar) Hamiltonella and Arsenophonus, while these symbionts were distinctive in S. phillyreae. Interestingly, Arsenophonus from S. phillyreae did not cluster with any of the reported sequences, which could indicate the presence of Arsenophonus, not previously associated with whiteflies. In this study, symbionts (Wolbachia, Rickettsia, and Cardinium) known to infect a wide range of insects each clustered in the same clades independently of the Whitefly species. These results indicate horizontal transmission of bacterial symbionts between reproductively isolated Whitefly species, a mechanism that can establish new infections that did not previously exist in whiteflies
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co infection and localization of secondary symbionts in two Whitefly species
BMC Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Marisa Skaljac, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Katja Zanic, Murad GhanimAbstract:Background Whiteflies are cosmopolitan phloem-feeding pests that cause serious damage to many crops worldwide due to direct feeding and vectoring of many plant viruses. The sweetpotato Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and the greenhouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) are two of the most widespread and damaging Whitefly species. To complete their unbalanced diet, whiteflies harbor the obligatory bacterium Portiera aleyrodidarum. B. tabaci further harbors a diverse array of secondary symbionts, including Hamiltonella, Arsenophonus, Cardinium, Wolbachia, Rickettsia and Fritschea. T. vaporariorum is only known to harbor P. aleyrodidarum and Arsenophonus. We conducted a study to survey the distribution of Whitefly species in Croatia, their infection status by secondary symbionts, and the spatial distribution of these symbionts in the developmental stages of the two Whitefly species.
William M Wintermantel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes
BMC Genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:BackgroundWhiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato.ResultsTo determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission.ConclusionWhitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes.
BMC genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:Whiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato. To determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission. Whitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
Wenbo Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome of the african cassava Whitefly bemisia tabaci and distribution and genetic diversity of cassava colonizing whiteflies in africa
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2019Co-Authors: Wenbo Chen, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Everlyne N Wosula, Clerisse Casinga, Rudolph Shirima, Komi K M Fiaboe, Rachid Hanna, Apollin Fosto, Georg Goergen, Manuele TamoAbstract:Abstract The whitefy Bemisia tabaci , a species complex consisting of many morphologically indistinguishable species divided into distinct clades, is one of the most globally important agricultural pests and plant virus vectors. Cassava-colonizing B. tabaci transmits viruses that cause cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Half of all cassava plants in Africa are affected by these viral diseases, resulting in annual production losses of more than US$ 1 billion. Here we report the draft genome of the cassava Whitefly B. tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa - East and Central Africa (SSA-ECA), the super-abundant population that has been associated with the rapid spread of viruses causing the pandemics of CMD and CBSD. The SSA-ECA genome assembled from Illumina short reads has a total size of 513.7 Mb and a scaffold N50 length of 497 kb, and contains 15,084 predicted protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that SSA-ECA diverged from MEAM1 around 5.26 million years ago. A comprehensive genetic analysis of cassava-colonizing B. tabaci in Africa was also conducted, in which a total of 243 Whitefly specimens were collected from 18 countries representing all major cassava-growing regions in the continent and genotyped using NextRAD sequencing. Population genomic analyses confirmed the existence of six major populations linked by gene flow and inferred the distribution patterns of these populations across the African continent. The genome of SSA-ECA and the genetic findings provide valuable resources and guidance to facilitate Whitefly research and the development of strategies to control cassava viral diseases spread by whiteflies.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes
BMC Genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:BackgroundWhiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato.ResultsTo determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission.ConclusionWhitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes.
BMC genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:Whiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato. To determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission. Whitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
Svetlana Kontsedalov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.
Frontiers in physiology, 2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp 70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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Image_2_Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.TIF
2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here, we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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Data_Sheet_1_Plant-Mediated Silencing of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Cyclophilin B and Heat Shock Protein 70 Impairs Insect Development and Virus Transmission.PDF
2019Co-Authors: Surapathrudu Kanakala, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Galina Lebedev, Murad GhanimAbstract:The Whitefly B. tabaci is a global pest and transmits extremely important plant viruses especially begomoviruses, that cause substantial crop losses. B. tabaci is one of the top invasive species worldwide and have developed resistance to all major pesticide classes. One of the promising alternative ways for controlling this pest is studying its genetic makeup for identifying specific target proteins which are critical for its development and ability to transmit viruses. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is the most economically important and well-studied begomovirus transmitted by B. tabaci, in a persistent-circulative manner. Recently, we reported that B. tabaci Cyclophilin B (CypB) and heat shock protein 70 proteins (hsp70) interact and co-localize with TYLCV in the Whitefly midgut, on the virus transmission pathway, and that both proteins have a significant role in virus transmission. Here, we extended the previous work and used the Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) plant-mediated RNA silencing system for knocking down both genes and testing the effect of their silencing on Whitefly viability and virus transmission. Portions of these two genes were cloned into TRV constructs and tomato plants were infected and used for Whitefly feeding and transmission experiments. Following Whitefly feeding on TRV-plants, the expression levels of cypB and hsp70 in adult B. tabaci significantly decreased over 72 h feeding period. The knockdown in the expression of both genes was further shown in the first generation of silenced whiteflies, where phenotypic abnormalities in the adult, wing, nymph and bacteriosomes development and structure were observed. Additionally, high mortality rates that reached more than 80% among nymphs and adults were obtained. Finally, silenced Whitefly adults with both genes showed decreased ability to transmit TYLCV under lab conditions. Our results suggest that plant-mediated silencing of both cypB and hsp70 have profound effects on Whitefly development and its ability to transmit TYLCV.
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co infection and localization of secondary symbionts in two Whitefly species
BMC Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Marisa Skaljac, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Katja Zanic, Murad GhanimAbstract:Background Whiteflies are cosmopolitan phloem-feeding pests that cause serious damage to many crops worldwide due to direct feeding and vectoring of many plant viruses. The sweetpotato Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and the greenhouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) are two of the most widespread and damaging Whitefly species. To complete their unbalanced diet, whiteflies harbor the obligatory bacterium Portiera aleyrodidarum. B. tabaci further harbors a diverse array of secondary symbionts, including Hamiltonella, Arsenophonus, Cardinium, Wolbachia, Rickettsia and Fritschea. T. vaporariorum is only known to harbor P. aleyrodidarum and Arsenophonus. We conducted a study to survey the distribution of Whitefly species in Croatia, their infection status by secondary symbionts, and the spatial distribution of these symbionts in the developmental stages of the two Whitefly species.
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tissue specific gene silencing by rna interference in the Whitefly bemisia tabaci gennadius
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Murad Ghanim, Svetlana Kontsedalov, Henryk CzosnekAbstract:The hemipteran Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) species complex and the plant viruses they transmit pose major constraints to vegetable and fiber production, worldwide. The Whitefly tissue- and developmental-specific gene expression has not been exhaustively studied despite its economic importance. In 2002, a functional genomic project was initiated, which generated several thousands expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and their sequence. This project provides the basic information to design experiments aimed at understanding and manipulating Whitefly gene expression. In this communication, for the first time we provide evidence that the RNA interference mechanism discovered in many organisms, including in Hemiptera, is active in B. tabaci. By injecting into the body cavity long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules, specifically directed against genes uniquely expressed in the midgut and salivary glands, we were able to significantly inhibit the expression of the targeted mRNA in the different organs. Gene expression levels in RNAi-silenced whiteflies were reduced up to 70% compared to whiteflies injected with buffer or with a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-specific dsRNA. Phenotypic effects were observed in B. tabaci ovaries following dsRNA targeting the Whitefly Drosophila chickadee homologue. Disruption of Whitefly gene expression opens the door to new strategies aimed at curbing down the deleterious effects of this insect pest to agriculture.
Daniel K. Hasegawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome of the african cassava Whitefly bemisia tabaci and distribution and genetic diversity of cassava colonizing whiteflies in africa
Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2019Co-Authors: Wenbo Chen, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Everlyne N Wosula, Clerisse Casinga, Rudolph Shirima, Komi K M Fiaboe, Rachid Hanna, Apollin Fosto, Georg Goergen, Manuele TamoAbstract:Abstract The whitefy Bemisia tabaci , a species complex consisting of many morphologically indistinguishable species divided into distinct clades, is one of the most globally important agricultural pests and plant virus vectors. Cassava-colonizing B. tabaci transmits viruses that cause cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Half of all cassava plants in Africa are affected by these viral diseases, resulting in annual production losses of more than US$ 1 billion. Here we report the draft genome of the cassava Whitefly B. tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa - East and Central Africa (SSA-ECA), the super-abundant population that has been associated with the rapid spread of viruses causing the pandemics of CMD and CBSD. The SSA-ECA genome assembled from Illumina short reads has a total size of 513.7 Mb and a scaffold N50 length of 497 kb, and contains 15,084 predicted protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that SSA-ECA diverged from MEAM1 around 5.26 million years ago. A comprehensive genetic analysis of cassava-colonizing B. tabaci in Africa was also conducted, in which a total of 243 Whitefly specimens were collected from 18 countries representing all major cassava-growing regions in the continent and genotyped using NextRAD sequencing. Population genomic analyses confirmed the existence of six major populations linked by gene flow and inferred the distribution patterns of these populations across the African continent. The genome of SSA-ECA and the genetic findings provide valuable resources and guidance to facilitate Whitefly research and the development of strategies to control cassava viral diseases spread by whiteflies.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes
BMC Genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:BackgroundWhiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato.ResultsTo determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission.ConclusionWhitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
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Transcriptome analysis of the Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 during feeding on tomato infected with the crinivirus, Tomato chlorosis virus, identifies a temporal shift in gene expression and differential regulation of novel orphan genes.
BMC genomics, 2017Co-Authors: Navneet Kaur, Daniel K. Hasegawa, Zhangjun Fei, Kai-shu Ling, Yi Zheng, Wenbo Chen, William M WintermantelAbstract:Whiteflies threaten agricultural crop production worldwide, are polyphagous in nature, and transmit hundreds of plant viruses. Little is known how Whitefly gene expression is altered due to feeding on plants infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus. Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) is transmitted by the Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in a semipersistent manner and infects several globally important agricultural and ornamental crops, including tomato. To determine changes in global gene regulation in whiteflies after feeding on tomato plants infected with a crinivirus (ToCV), comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed using RNA-Seq on Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci MEAM1) populations after 24, 48, and 72 h acquisition access periods on either ToCV-infected or uninfected tomatoes. Significant differences in gene expression were detected between whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomato and those fed on uninfected tomato among the three feeding time periods: 447 up-regulated and 542 down-regulated at 24 h, 4 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated at 48 h, and 50 up-regulated and 160 down-regulated at 72 h. Analysis revealed differential regulation of genes associated with metabolic pathways, signal transduction, transport and catabolism, receptors, glucose transporters, α-glucosidases, and the uric acid pathway in whiteflies fed on ToCV-infected tomatoes, as well as an abundance of differentially regulated novel orphan genes. Results demonstrate for the first time, a specific and temporally regulated response by the Whitefly to feeding on a host plant infected with a semipersistently transmitted virus, and advance the understanding of the Whitefly vector-virus interactions that facilitate virus transmission. Whitefly transmission of semipersistent viruses is believed to require specific interactions between the virus and its vector that allow binding of virus particles to factors within Whitefly mouthparts. Results provide a broader understanding of the potential mechanism of crinivirus transmission by Whitefly, aid in discerning genes or loci in Whitefly that influence virus interactions or transmission, and subsequently facilitate development of novel, genetics-based control methods against Whitefly and Whitefly-transmitted viruses.
