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A Tanveer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius competition in rainfed chickpea chickpea cropping system
Planta Daninha, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Sibtain, A Tanveer, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, H H AliAbstract:Chickpea yield potential is limited by weed competition in typical chickpea growing areas of Pakistan where zero tillage crop grown on moisture conserved from rains received during the months of September and August. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of chickpea grown in coexistence with increasing densities of Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius). The experiment was comprised of six density levels viz. zero, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 plants m-2 of A. tenuifolius. A decrease in chickpea primary and secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield was observed due to more accumulation of dry matter per increasing densities of A. tenuifolius. The increase in A. tenuifolius density accelerated chickpea yield losses and reached the maximum values of 28, 35, 42, 50, 58 and 96% at 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 A. tenuifolius plants m-2, respectively. The yield loss estimation model showed that chickpea losses with infinite A. tenuifolius density were 60%. Yield reduction could be predicted by 2.52% with increase of one A. tenuifolius plant m-2. It is concluded that A. tenuifolius has a strong influence on chickpea seed yield and showed a linear response at the range of densities studied.
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germination ecology of Wild Onion a rainfed crop weed
Planta Daninha, 2014Co-Authors: A Tanveer, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, M Sibtain, Hafiz Haider AliAbstract:Asphodelus tenuifolius esta se tornando uma planta daninha cada vez mais comum em plantio de sequeiro no Paquistao. Foram realizados experimentos no laboratorio e na estufa para avaliar a influencia de diferentes fatores ambientais na germinacao e emergencia da A. tenuifolius. Os resultados mostraram que a A. tenuifolius e capaz de tolerar uma ampla gama de fatores ambientais diferentes. A porcentagem maxima de germinacao (80%) foi registrada a 15 oC de temperatura constante. No entanto, houve germinacao consideravel em 20 oC e 25 oC. A insercao de luz em 10 h de fotoperiodo estimula a germinacao da Asphodelus tenuifolius, o que nao ocorre com escuridao completa. A germinacao foi totalmente inibida quando houve estresse osmotico maior que -0,8 MPa. Nao houve diferenca significativa na germinacao com pH de 6 a 8, porem, houve uma pequena reducao com pH 9, tendo como referencia a agua destilada. Asphodelus tenuifolius se mostrou muito sensivel a salinidade, mas, ainda assim, algumas sementes germinaram com concentracao de 150 mM de NaCl. Ocorreu maior emergencia quando as sementes foram plantadas na superficie do solo. E, na medida em que o enterramento se tornava mais profundo, sua emergencia reduzia. Nao foram observadas emergencias a partir de 4 centimetros de profundidade. Estas informacoes podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de ferramentas e estrategias para seu manejo.
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effect of rates and methods of application of penthalene plus on Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius cav in chickpea
Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 2011Co-Authors: Muhammad Sibtain, A Tanveer, Rashid Ahmad, Muhammad YaseenAbstract:An experiment was conducted to study the effect of rates and methods of application of Penthalene-plus (pendimethalin + prometryn) on control of Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at farmer’s field in district Bhakkar in 2007-08. The experiment comprised of six treatments, including two rates of Penthalene-plus (i.e. 2.5 L and 3.0 L ha -1 ) and two methods of application (pre-emergence spray and sand mix broadcast application). Manual weed control (hoeing) and weedy check (control) were also included in the experiment for comparison. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. Wild Onion density and its dry biomass m -2 , yield and yield components of chickpea were all significantly affected by the Penthalene-plus doses and application methods. The highest density (210 m -2 ) and dry biomass (436 g m -2 ) of Wild Onion were observed in weedy check; while the hoeing treatment had the lowest density (10 m -2 ) and dry biomass (7.56 g m -2 ). Similarly, the highest grain yield (2256 kg ha -1 ) of chickpea was obtained in manual weed control (hoeing), which was not statistically different from Penthalene-plus (2225 kg ha -1 ) applied at 2.5 L ha -1 . The highest and lowest grain yields were respectively 486 and 455 kg ha -1 more than that in weedy check (1770 kg ha -1 ). Chickpea yield following Penthalene-plus at 2.5 L ha -1 sand mix broadcast application was 284 kg ha -1 more than the weedy check. Penthalene-plus spray at 2.5 L ha -1 is the best alternative to manual weed control for controlling Wild Onion and for increasing chickpea grain yield.
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allelopathic potential of Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius on the germination and seedling growth of chickpea cicer arietinum
Weed Biology and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Babar Hussain Babar, A Tanveer, Muhammad Tahir, Ahsan Aziz, Azraful Haq Ahmad, Muhammad Ather Nadeem, Muhammad Mansoor JavaidAbstract:Water extracts obtained from the roots, shoots, and fruits of mature Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) plants and soil taken from an A. tenuifolius field were used to determine their allelopathic effects on the germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in the laboratory. The roots, shoots, and fruits of A. tenuifolius were soaked individually in water in a ratio of 1:20 (w/v) for 24 h to prepare the extracts. Distilled water was used as the control. The germinated seeds were taken out from the Petri dishes and counted every day for 12 days. The seeds of chickpea were also sown in sand and in each of the controlled, normal soil and the soil taken from the A. tenuifolius-infested field in Petri dishes to record the length and weight of the roots and shoots 18 days after sowing. The mean germination time reached the maximum amount for the stem and fruit extracts. The fruit extract caused the most reduction in the germination index and the germination percentage of chickpea. The different Wild Onion organ extracts significantly reduced the root and shoot length and biomass of the chickpea seedlings compared with the distilled water. The fruit extract of Wild Onion proved to be the most detrimental to the root length, shoot length, and dry weight of the chickpea seedlings. The soil beneath the A. tenuifolius plants significantly reduced the emergence, root length, shoot length, shoot dry weight, and seedling dry weight but increased the root dry weight of the chickpea seedlings. It is suggested that A. tenuifolius releases phytotoxic compound(s).
M Shiva N Kameshwari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chemical constituents of Wild Onion urginea indica kunth liliaceae
2013Co-Authors: M Shiva N KameshwariAbstract:Wild Onion Urginea indica provide health promoting phytochemicals, as well as nutrients. Onions are bitter to taste, they contains plenty of raphides in bulbs which acts as defensive mechanism. Wild Onions are source of Vitamin E, C & K, potassium, dietary fibre & folic acid. They also contain calcium, iron & proteins, several healthy & commercial compounds, such as Bufadienolides, Quercetin, Allose, Mindererus spirit, Tartronic acid & Paraldehyde. These compounds have a variety of health functional properties, including anticancer and antimicrobial activities. They each have been shown to help neutralize the free radicals in the body, & protect the membranes of the body’s cell from damage.
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international journal of pharmacy life sciences chemical constituents of Wild Onion urginea indica kunth liliaceae
2013Co-Authors: M Shiva N KameshwariAbstract:Wild Onion Urginea indica provide health promoting phytochemicals, as well a s nutrients. Onions are bitter to taste, they contains plenty of raphides in bulbs which act s as defensive mechanism. Wild Onions are source of Vitamin E, C & K, potassium, dietary fibre & folic acid. They also contain calcium, iron & proteins, several heal thy & commercial compounds, such as Bufadienolides, Quercetin, Allose, Mindererus spirit, Tartronic acid & Paraldehyde. These compounds have a variety of health functional properties, including anticancer and antimicrobial activities. They each have been shown to help neutr alize the free radicals in the body, & protect the membranes of the body’s cell from damage.
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius competition in rainfed chickpea chickpea cropping system
Planta Daninha, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Sibtain, A Tanveer, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, H H AliAbstract:Chickpea yield potential is limited by weed competition in typical chickpea growing areas of Pakistan where zero tillage crop grown on moisture conserved from rains received during the months of September and August. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of chickpea grown in coexistence with increasing densities of Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius). The experiment was comprised of six density levels viz. zero, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 plants m-2 of A. tenuifolius. A decrease in chickpea primary and secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield was observed due to more accumulation of dry matter per increasing densities of A. tenuifolius. The increase in A. tenuifolius density accelerated chickpea yield losses and reached the maximum values of 28, 35, 42, 50, 58 and 96% at 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 A. tenuifolius plants m-2, respectively. The yield loss estimation model showed that chickpea losses with infinite A. tenuifolius density were 60%. Yield reduction could be predicted by 2.52% with increase of one A. tenuifolius plant m-2. It is concluded that A. tenuifolius has a strong influence on chickpea seed yield and showed a linear response at the range of densities studied.
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germination ecology of Wild Onion a rainfed crop weed
Planta Daninha, 2014Co-Authors: A Tanveer, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, M Sibtain, Hafiz Haider AliAbstract:Asphodelus tenuifolius esta se tornando uma planta daninha cada vez mais comum em plantio de sequeiro no Paquistao. Foram realizados experimentos no laboratorio e na estufa para avaliar a influencia de diferentes fatores ambientais na germinacao e emergencia da A. tenuifolius. Os resultados mostraram que a A. tenuifolius e capaz de tolerar uma ampla gama de fatores ambientais diferentes. A porcentagem maxima de germinacao (80%) foi registrada a 15 oC de temperatura constante. No entanto, houve germinacao consideravel em 20 oC e 25 oC. A insercao de luz em 10 h de fotoperiodo estimula a germinacao da Asphodelus tenuifolius, o que nao ocorre com escuridao completa. A germinacao foi totalmente inibida quando houve estresse osmotico maior que -0,8 MPa. Nao houve diferenca significativa na germinacao com pH de 6 a 8, porem, houve uma pequena reducao com pH 9, tendo como referencia a agua destilada. Asphodelus tenuifolius se mostrou muito sensivel a salinidade, mas, ainda assim, algumas sementes germinaram com concentracao de 150 mM de NaCl. Ocorreu maior emergencia quando as sementes foram plantadas na superficie do solo. E, na medida em que o enterramento se tornava mais profundo, sua emergencia reduzia. Nao foram observadas emergencias a partir de 4 centimetros de profundidade. Estas informacoes podem auxiliar no desenvolvimento de ferramentas e estrategias para seu manejo.
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allelopathic potential of Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius on the germination and seedling growth of chickpea cicer arietinum
Weed Biology and Management, 2009Co-Authors: Babar Hussain Babar, A Tanveer, Muhammad Tahir, Ahsan Aziz, Azraful Haq Ahmad, Muhammad Ather Nadeem, Muhammad Mansoor JavaidAbstract:Water extracts obtained from the roots, shoots, and fruits of mature Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius) plants and soil taken from an A. tenuifolius field were used to determine their allelopathic effects on the germination and seedling growth of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in the laboratory. The roots, shoots, and fruits of A. tenuifolius were soaked individually in water in a ratio of 1:20 (w/v) for 24 h to prepare the extracts. Distilled water was used as the control. The germinated seeds were taken out from the Petri dishes and counted every day for 12 days. The seeds of chickpea were also sown in sand and in each of the controlled, normal soil and the soil taken from the A. tenuifolius-infested field in Petri dishes to record the length and weight of the roots and shoots 18 days after sowing. The mean germination time reached the maximum amount for the stem and fruit extracts. The fruit extract caused the most reduction in the germination index and the germination percentage of chickpea. The different Wild Onion organ extracts significantly reduced the root and shoot length and biomass of the chickpea seedlings compared with the distilled water. The fruit extract of Wild Onion proved to be the most detrimental to the root length, shoot length, and dry weight of the chickpea seedlings. The soil beneath the A. tenuifolius plants significantly reduced the emergence, root length, shoot length, shoot dry weight, and seedling dry weight but increased the root dry weight of the chickpea seedlings. It is suggested that A. tenuifolius releases phytotoxic compound(s).
Lukasz L Stelinski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sulfur volatiles from allium spp affect asian citrus psyllid diaphorina citri kuwayama hemiptera psyllidae response to citrus volatiles
Bulletin of Entomological Research, 2011Co-Authors: Rajinder S Mann, Russell L Rouseff, John M Smoot, W S Castle, Lukasz L StelinskiAbstract:The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, vectors Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) and Candidatus Liberibacter americanus (Lam), the presumed causal agents of huanglongbing. D. citri generally rely on olfaction and vision for detection of host cues. Plant volatiles from Allium spp. (Alliaceae) are known to repel several arthropod species. We examined the effect of garlic chive (A. tuberosum Rottl.) and Wild Onion (A. canadense L.) volatiles on D. citri behaviour in a two-port divided T-olfactometer. Citrus leaf volatiles attracted significantly more D. citri adults than clean air. Volatiles from crushed garlic chive leaves, garlic chive essential oil, garlic chive plants, Wild Onion plants and crushed Wild Onion leaves all repelled D. citri adults when compared with clean air, with the first two being significantly more repellent than the others. However, when tested with citrus volatiles, only crushed garlic chive leaves and garlic chive essential oil were repellent, and crushed Wild Onions leaves were not. Analysis of the headspace components of crushed garlic chive leaves and garlic chive essential oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that monosulfides, disulfides and trisulfides were the primary sulfur volatiles present. In general, trisulfides (dimethyl trisulfide) inhibited the response of D. citri to citrus volatiles more than disulfides (dimethyl disulfide, allyl methyl disulfide, allyl disulfide). Monosulfides did not affect the behaviour of D. citri adults. A blend of dimethyl trisulfide and dimethyl disulfide in 1 : 1 ratio showed an additive effect on inhibition of D. citri response to citrus volatiles. The plant volatiles from Allium spp. did not affect the behaviour of the D. citri ecto-parasitoid Tamarixia radiata (Waterston). Thus, Allium spp. or the tri- and di-sulphides could be integrated into management programmes for D. citri without affecting natural enemies.
Muhammad Sibtain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius competition in rainfed chickpea chickpea cropping system
Planta Daninha, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Sibtain, A Tanveer, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid, H H AliAbstract:Chickpea yield potential is limited by weed competition in typical chickpea growing areas of Pakistan where zero tillage crop grown on moisture conserved from rains received during the months of September and August. The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and yield characteristics of chickpea grown in coexistence with increasing densities of Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius). The experiment was comprised of six density levels viz. zero, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 plants m-2 of A. tenuifolius. A decrease in chickpea primary and secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield was observed due to more accumulation of dry matter per increasing densities of A. tenuifolius. The increase in A. tenuifolius density accelerated chickpea yield losses and reached the maximum values of 28, 35, 42, 50, 58 and 96% at 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 A. tenuifolius plants m-2, respectively. The yield loss estimation model showed that chickpea losses with infinite A. tenuifolius density were 60%. Yield reduction could be predicted by 2.52% with increase of one A. tenuifolius plant m-2. It is concluded that A. tenuifolius has a strong influence on chickpea seed yield and showed a linear response at the range of densities studied.
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effect of rates and methods of application of penthalene plus on Wild Onion asphodelus tenuifolius cav in chickpea
Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 2011Co-Authors: Muhammad Sibtain, A Tanveer, Rashid Ahmad, Muhammad YaseenAbstract:An experiment was conducted to study the effect of rates and methods of application of Penthalene-plus (pendimethalin + prometryn) on control of Wild Onion (Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.) in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at farmer’s field in district Bhakkar in 2007-08. The experiment comprised of six treatments, including two rates of Penthalene-plus (i.e. 2.5 L and 3.0 L ha -1 ) and two methods of application (pre-emergence spray and sand mix broadcast application). Manual weed control (hoeing) and weedy check (control) were also included in the experiment for comparison. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with four replications. Wild Onion density and its dry biomass m -2 , yield and yield components of chickpea were all significantly affected by the Penthalene-plus doses and application methods. The highest density (210 m -2 ) and dry biomass (436 g m -2 ) of Wild Onion were observed in weedy check; while the hoeing treatment had the lowest density (10 m -2 ) and dry biomass (7.56 g m -2 ). Similarly, the highest grain yield (2256 kg ha -1 ) of chickpea was obtained in manual weed control (hoeing), which was not statistically different from Penthalene-plus (2225 kg ha -1 ) applied at 2.5 L ha -1 . The highest and lowest grain yields were respectively 486 and 455 kg ha -1 more than that in weedy check (1770 kg ha -1 ). Chickpea yield following Penthalene-plus at 2.5 L ha -1 sand mix broadcast application was 284 kg ha -1 more than the weedy check. Penthalene-plus spray at 2.5 L ha -1 is the best alternative to manual weed control for controlling Wild Onion and for increasing chickpea grain yield.
