The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Antonin Dreiseitl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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virulence frequency to powdery mildew resistances in Winter Barley cultivars
Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding, 2018Co-Authors: Antonin DreiseitlAbstract:Virulence frequencies to powdery mildew resistances in Winter Barley cultivars mostly registered in the Czech Republic were studied in 2007 and 2008. Random samples of the air populations originating from Winter and spring Barley fields were obtained by means of a mobile version of a jet spore sampler. Conidia were sampled by driving across the Czech Republic. In total 349 isolates were studied and 17 differentials were used. The virulence frequencies to specific resistances of given cultivars showed wide range from 0% to 100%. Nine differentials were used to distinguish 134 pathotypes, of which 32 representing 63.9% of isolates were detected in both years. Pathotype 773, which broke down the resistance of eight differentials, was the most abundant. In 2008, lower virulence frequencies to all differentials, and thus lower population complexity, were determined, which may be caused by different regional origins of the isolates examined. Importance of the study of the given pathogen population is discussed in terms of successful breeding of resistant Barley cultivars.
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differences in powdery mildew epidemics in spring and Winter Barley based on 30 year variety trials
Annals of Applied Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Antonin DreiseitlAbstract:Information on disease severity assists greatly with making decisions about crop protection systems. However, there are no published long-term field trials in different locations to determine the severity of individual diseases. National trials that relate to the agronomic traits of varieties, including disease responses, are available. The current article describes the use of such data to determine disease severity based on official Czech variety trials. In total, 838 and 334 field trials of spring and Winter Barley, respectively, conducted from 1976 to 2005, were analysed. To compare year to year powdery mildew severity, five parameters were used. Annual disease severity in both crops differed substantially, whereas similarity of the disease severity was rare. During the last 15 years, disease severity in spring Barley was stable despite a rapid increase in the area of fully resistant spring Barley varieties, particularly those with the gene mlo. During the period 1976-2005, the mean disease severity in Winter Barley accounted for 64.1% of the mean disease severity in spring Barley. The effect of deployment of the resistance genes and growing areas of Winter Barley on the determined disease severity was analysed. The method described here allows easy comparisons to be made of disease severity among years, locations and different crops and diseases if similar scoring scales for disease infection evaluation are used.
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Differences in powdery mildew epidemics in spring and Winter Barley based on 30‐year variety trials
Annals of Applied Biology, 2011Co-Authors: Antonin DreiseitlAbstract:Information on disease severity assists greatly with making decisions about crop protection systems. However, there are no published long-term field trials in different locations to determine the severity of individual diseases. National trials that relate to the agronomic traits of varieties, including disease responses, are available. The current article describes the use of such data to determine disease severity based on official Czech variety trials. In total, 838 and 334 field trials of spring and Winter Barley, respectively, conducted from 1976 to 2005, were analysed. To compare year to year powdery mildew severity, five parameters were used. Annual disease severity in both crops differed substantially, whereas similarity of the disease severity was rare. During the last 15 years, disease severity in spring Barley was stable despite a rapid increase in the area of fully resistant spring Barley varieties, particularly those with the gene mlo. During the period 1976-2005, the mean disease severity in Winter Barley accounted for 64.1% of the mean disease severity in spring Barley. The effect of deployment of the resistance genes and growing areas of Winter Barley on the determined disease severity was analysed. The method described here allows easy comparisons to be made of disease severity among years, locations and different crops and diseases if similar scoring scales for disease infection evaluation are used.
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frequency of powdery mildew resistances in Winter Barley cultivars tested in domestic variety trials
Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 2011Co-Authors: Antonin DreiseitlAbstract:DREISEITL, A.: Frequency of powdery mildew resistances in Winter Barley cultivars tested in domestic variety trials. Acta univ. agric. et silvic. Mendel. Brun., 2011, LIX, No. 3, pp. 23–28 In 2006–2010, resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen was studied in 225 Winter Barley cultivars of which 86 two-rowed and 139 six-rowed. The examined set included 59 cultivars tested in the offi cial variety trials and 166 cultivars in variety trials conducted by domestic breeding stations in that period. Thirteen known resistances were identifi ed (Ar, Bw, Dr2, Ha, HH, IM9, La, Ly, Ra, Ru, Sp, St and We). No resistance was found in one cultivar only. The most frequent resistance was Ra detected in 114 cultivars (= 50.7%). The resistance Bw was found in 54 cultivars (24.0%). Resistances typical for spring Barley cultivars (Ly, Sp, Ru and We) were also frequent (4.0% to 23.6%). Unknown resistances were found in 20 cultivars, in nine of which they were eff ective to all used pathotypes of the pathogen. Thirty-six cultivars (16.0%) exhibited heterogeneity in the examined trait, i.e. they were mostly composed of lines with diff erent resistances. Research on cultivars possessing unknown resistances continues. Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, Hordeum vulgare, postulation of resistances, powdery mildew, Winter Barley
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powdery mildew resistance in Winter Barley cultivars
Plant Breeding, 2007Co-Authors: Antonin DreiseitlAbstract:Powdery mildew is the most common disease of Barley in the Czech Republic and Winter Barley plays a crucial role in the Winter survival and reproduction of the pathogen. This study was aimed at identifying resistance genes in Winter Barley cultivars grown in the Czech Republic from 1971 to 2005 by using the method of postulation. Forty-one cultivars and a parental line were tested at the seedling stage for their reaction to 32 selected isolates of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. In total, 26 resistance spectra were detected and the following 18 resistance genes were found: Mla6, Mla7, Mla8, Mlal3, Mlal4, MlaMu2, MlaNo3, MlaRu4, Mig, Mlh, MILa, Mlra, Ml(Bw), Ml(Ch), Ml(Dr2), Ml(Dt5), Ml(IM9) and Ml(St). Two cultivars ('Kiruna' and 'Sorna') exhibited heterogeneity for mildew resistance. Another source of Mlal3 and a possible centre of origin of Ml(Bw) are discussed.
G. Fischbeck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Identification of new sources for resistance to powdery mildew in H. spontaneum -derived Winter Barley lines
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 1996Co-Authors: S. Kintzios, G. FischbeckAbstract:Twenty four Barley lines derived from the F7generation of crosses between two Winter Barley cultivars and different accessions of Hordeum spontaneum Koch collected in Israel were tested against a set of ten European and five Israeli powdery mildew cultures, possessing virulence genes which completely match the spectrum of known mildew resistance genes. The comparison of reaction patterns justified the conclusion that new genes for resistance have been conferred from H. spontaneum which also differ from genes previously identified in other wild Barley accessions from Israel. Participation in the expression of the resistance reaction of one of the two Barley cultivars used in the development of the lines is well documented in some cases. The majority of the lines was found to be highly resistant against all or almost all European isolates, while various kinds of reactions were observed against the Israeli cultures. The effective transfer of novel mildew resistance from H. spontaneum into Winter Barley confirms similar results with spring Barley, indicating natural wild Barley populations in Israel as a significant gene pool for yet unexploited mildew resistance in Barley.
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Powdery-mildew-resistance genes Mla29 and Mla32 in H. spontaneum derived Winter-Barley lines
Plant Breeding, 1995Co-Authors: S. Kinizios, Ahmed Jahoor, G. FischbeckAbstract:Allelism to the highly polymorphic Mia locus was demonstrated for the powdery-mildew resistance of two Hordeum spontaneum derived Winter–Barley lines, ‘110-4 × Sonja’ and ‘142–29 × Dura’, by testing the F2 progeny of crosses between these lines and the Winter-Barley cv. ‘Triton’ (Mlal3) with two appropriate isolates. The results were confirmed by RFLP analysis, using the probe MWG 1H036, which is very closely linked to the Mia locus. The designations Mla29 and Mla32 are proposed for the genes identified in the two lines.
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Anther culture response of Hordeum spontaneum-derived Winter Barley lines
Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture, 1994Co-Authors: Spiridon Kintzios, G. FischbeckAbstract:The anther culture response of 18 Hordeum spontaneum derived Winter Barley lines, as well as that of the F2 and/or BC1 progeny of the cross between nine of these lines and the Winter Barley cultivar Triton was assessed. While the majority of lines showed a poor regeneration capacity (4%), two lines, RS 170-A13 × Sonja and RS 120-27 × Sonja demonstrated an outstanding response, producing 26 and 8 green regenerants per 100 anthers plated, respectively. Five further lines, RS 70-30 × Dura, RS L74-11 × Dura, RS 122-19 × Sonja. RS 142-29 × Dura and RS 170-A51 × Sonja were identified as highly responsive in the F2 generation. An average production of 4 green regenerants per 100 anthers plated was observed both in the parental and F2 generation.
Marcin Rapacz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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changes in protein abundance and activity involved in freezing tolerance acquisition in Winter Barley hordeum vulgare l
Journal of Proteomics, 2017Co-Authors: Gabriela Golebiowskapikania, Marcin Rapacz, Przemyslaw Kopec, Ewa Surowka, Monika Krzewska, Ewa Dubas, Anna Nowicka, Magdalena Wojcikjagla, Sabina Malaga, Iwona żurAbstract:Abstract The changes in protein abundance induced by cold hardening were analysed by 2 DE in ten doubled haploid (DH) lines of Winter Barley, highly differentiated with respect to freezing tolerance level. Among 45 differential proteins identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF, the majority was classified as related to photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidation-reduction reactions and stress response. Among the detected proteins, higher abundance of RuBisCO large and small subunits, RuBisCO activase, two Oxygen-evolving enhancer proteins, Ferredoxin-NADP reductase, Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylase and 14-3-3 protein was associated with higher freezing tolerance level. Lower relative level of hypothetical ATP synthase beta subunit, uncharacterized mitochondrial protein AtMg00810 and ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase G also seems to be important. The results of proteomic studies were complemented by the evaluation of photosynthetic apparatus acclimation, showing distinctive differences between the studied genotypes in the number of active PSII reaction centres (RC/CS m ). Additionally, the analysis of antioxidative enzyme activities suggests the importance of H 2 O 2 as a signalling molecule possibly involved in the initiation of cold-induced plant acclimation. However, in DH lines with high freezing tolerance, H 2 O 2 generation during cold hardening treatment was accompanied by more stable activity of catalase, H 2 O 2 -decomposing enzyme. Significance In the study, the changes in protein abundance induced by cold hardening treatment were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in ten doubled haploid (DH) lines of Winter Barley. Harnessing DH technology resulted in distinctive widening of genetic variation with respect to freezing tolerance level. Both the cold-hardening effect on the protein pattern in an individual Winter Barley DH line as well as the variation among the selected DH lines were investigated, which resulted in the identification of 45 differentiated proteins classified as involved in 14 metabolic pathways and cellular processes. Among them, eight proteins: (1) the precursor of RuBisCO large subunit, (2) RuBisCO small subunit (partial), (3) RuBisCO activase small isoform, (4) the precursor of Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1-like (predicted protein), (5) Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2, (6) the leaf isozyme of Ferredoxin-NADP reductase, (7) hypothetical protein M569_12509 Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylase-like and (8) hypothetical protein BRADI_1g11290 (14-3-3 protein A-like) were accumulated to a higher level in leaves of cold-hardened seedlings of freezing tolerant Winter Barley DH lines in comparison with susceptible ones. Three others: (9) hypothetical protein BRADI_5g05668 F1 ATP synthase beta subunit-like, (10) predicted protein uncharacterized mitochondrial protein AtMg00810-like and (11) BnaA02g08010D Ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase G-like were detected at lower level in freezing tolerant seedlings in comparison with susceptible genotypes. The last two were for the first time linked to cold acclimation. The results of complementary analyses indicate that PSII activity and stability of antioxidative enzymes under low temperature are also very important for freezing tolerance acquisition.
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photosynthetic acclimation to cold as a potential physiological marker of Winter Barley freezing tolerance assessed under variable Winter environment
Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 2008Co-Authors: Marcin Rapacz, Miroslaw Tyrka, W Kaczmarek, B Wolanin, W MikulskiAbstract:Winter-hardiness is a complex trait limiting cultivation of Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) with respect to the regions of temperate climate. In the present studies, we verified whether inexpensive and fast physiological markers characterizing photosynthetic acclimation to cold may provide robust characteristics of Winter Barley genotypes for improved frost resistance. Freezing tolerance of 28 Winter Barley varieties and advanced breeding lines were tested for three Winters in field-laboratory experiment and under fully controlled conditions. To increase the environmental variability of freezing tolerance, a part of the plants were also de-acclimated under semi-controlled conditions and re-acclimated in laboratory before freezing tests. After controlled cold acclimation, apparent quantum yield of photosystem II (F y /F m ) as well as photochemical (qp) and non-photochemical (NPQ) coefficients of chlorophyll fluorescence quenching were studied. Field-laboratory method assessment of freezing tolerance gives distinct and even opposite results in subsequent years. Also de-acclimation interacted with growth conditions in the field, giving different rankings of genotypes each year. The results obtained suggest that high level of freezing tolerance measured in laboratory, which is connected with photosynthetic acclimation to cold may be not sufficient for the expression of field resistance, especially when Winter conditions are not favourable for cold acclimation.
Iwona żur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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changes in protein abundance and activity involved in freezing tolerance acquisition in Winter Barley hordeum vulgare l
Journal of Proteomics, 2017Co-Authors: Gabriela Golebiowskapikania, Marcin Rapacz, Przemyslaw Kopec, Ewa Surowka, Monika Krzewska, Ewa Dubas, Anna Nowicka, Magdalena Wojcikjagla, Sabina Malaga, Iwona żurAbstract:Abstract The changes in protein abundance induced by cold hardening were analysed by 2 DE in ten doubled haploid (DH) lines of Winter Barley, highly differentiated with respect to freezing tolerance level. Among 45 differential proteins identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF, the majority was classified as related to photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidation-reduction reactions and stress response. Among the detected proteins, higher abundance of RuBisCO large and small subunits, RuBisCO activase, two Oxygen-evolving enhancer proteins, Ferredoxin-NADP reductase, Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylase and 14-3-3 protein was associated with higher freezing tolerance level. Lower relative level of hypothetical ATP synthase beta subunit, uncharacterized mitochondrial protein AtMg00810 and ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase G also seems to be important. The results of proteomic studies were complemented by the evaluation of photosynthetic apparatus acclimation, showing distinctive differences between the studied genotypes in the number of active PSII reaction centres (RC/CS m ). Additionally, the analysis of antioxidative enzyme activities suggests the importance of H 2 O 2 as a signalling molecule possibly involved in the initiation of cold-induced plant acclimation. However, in DH lines with high freezing tolerance, H 2 O 2 generation during cold hardening treatment was accompanied by more stable activity of catalase, H 2 O 2 -decomposing enzyme. Significance In the study, the changes in protein abundance induced by cold hardening treatment were analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in ten doubled haploid (DH) lines of Winter Barley. Harnessing DH technology resulted in distinctive widening of genetic variation with respect to freezing tolerance level. Both the cold-hardening effect on the protein pattern in an individual Winter Barley DH line as well as the variation among the selected DH lines were investigated, which resulted in the identification of 45 differentiated proteins classified as involved in 14 metabolic pathways and cellular processes. Among them, eight proteins: (1) the precursor of RuBisCO large subunit, (2) RuBisCO small subunit (partial), (3) RuBisCO activase small isoform, (4) the precursor of Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1-like (predicted protein), (5) Oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2, (6) the leaf isozyme of Ferredoxin-NADP reductase, (7) hypothetical protein M569_12509 Cytochrome P450-dependent fatty acid hydroxylase-like and (8) hypothetical protein BRADI_1g11290 (14-3-3 protein A-like) were accumulated to a higher level in leaves of cold-hardened seedlings of freezing tolerant Winter Barley DH lines in comparison with susceptible ones. Three others: (9) hypothetical protein BRADI_5g05668 F1 ATP synthase beta subunit-like, (10) predicted protein uncharacterized mitochondrial protein AtMg00810-like and (11) BnaA02g08010D Ribosomal RNA small subunit methyltransferase G-like were detected at lower level in freezing tolerant seedlings in comparison with susceptible genotypes. The last two were for the first time linked to cold acclimation. The results of complementary analyses indicate that PSII activity and stability of antioxidative enzymes under low temperature are also very important for freezing tolerance acquisition.
P.o. Noack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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WHISPERS - UAV-Based Hyperspectral Sensing for Yield Prediction in Winter Barley
2018 9th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS), 2018Co-Authors: J. Oehlschläger, U. Schmidhalter, P.o. NoackAbstract:In this study we evaluated the potential of the hyperspectral sensor “Cubert UHD 185 Firefly” for yield prediction in 76 plots of a field trial with different varieties of Winter Barley at Konigslutter (Lower-Saxony, Germany) in 2017. An UAV was used as carrier platform for the sensor. In 2017 we used 63 channels in a wavelength range of 450 to 700 nm. Predicted yield using PLSR and reference yield closely agreed with $\mathrm{R}^{2}=0.78$. We also calculated the NDVI RGB and evaluated its suitability for yield prediction in the same field trial. NDVI RGB and reference yield were less well related to each other with $\mathrm{R}^{2}=0.46$. The results show that using additional information from hyperspectral datasets allowed for a better yield prediction compared to RGB data alone. In 2018 a field trial with 76 plots of Winter Barley at Poppenburg (Lower-Saxony, Germany) was assessed on June 6, using the complete wavelength range of the sensor from 450 to 950 nm. In 2018, predicted yield using PLSR and reference yield agreed with $\mathrm{R}^{2}=0,81$.
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UAV-Based Hyperspectral Sensing for Yield Prediction in Winter Barley
2018 9th Workshop on Hyperspectral Image and Signal Processing: Evolution in Remote Sensing (WHISPERS), 2018Co-Authors: J. Oehlschläger, U. Schmidhalter, P.o. NoackAbstract:In this study we evaluated the potential of the hyperspectral sensor “Cubert UHD 185 Firefly” for yield prediction in 76 plots of a field trial with different varieties of Winter Barley at Königslutter (Lower-Saxony, Germany) in 2017. An UAV was used as carrier platform for the sensor. In 2017 we used 63 channels in a wavelength range of 450 to 700 nm. Predicted yield using PLSR and reference yield closely agreed with R2=0.78. We also calculated the NDVIRGB and evaluated its suitability for yield prediction in the same field trial. NDVIRGB and reference yield were less well related to each other with R2=0.46. The results show that using additional information from hyperspectral datasets allowed for a better yield prediction compared to RGB data alone. In 2018 a field trial with 76 plots of Winter Barley at Poppenburg (Lower-Saxony, Germany) was assessed on June 6, using the complete wavelength range of the sensor from 450 to 950 nm. In 2018, predicted yield using PLSR and reference yield agreed with R2= 0,81.
