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Bo Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Autonomous D2D Transmission Scheme in URLLC for Real-Time Wireless Control Systems
'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)', 2121Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Li Liying, Zhao Guodong, Chen Zhi, Imran, Muhammad AliAbstract:In industrial internet of things (IIoT), ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is proposed to guarantee the requirement of real-time Wireless Control systems in worst case, so as to maintain the system working in all cases. However, it is extremely challenging to maintain URLLC throughout the whole Control process due to the scarcity of Wireless resource. This paper develops an autonomous device-to-device (D2D) communication scheme by jointly considering reliability in URLLC and Control requirement. In the proposed scheme, we consider the actual Control requirement, i.e., Control convergence rate, into communication design, where we find that it can be converted into a constraint on communication reliability. Then, the communication reliability constraint comes from Control aspect, instead of URLLC, which leads to that the system does not need to guarantee worst case in URLLC. Second, the sensors autonomously decide whether to be activated with optimal probabilities to participate in the Control process, which can maintain the communication reliability requirement with significantly less resource consumption. Simulation results show remarkable performance gain of our method. For instance, compared with fixed activation probability 40% only considering URLLC, the average power consumption of the proposed method can be reduced by at most about 100%
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effective age of information in real time Wireless feedback Control systems
Science in China Series F: Information Sciences, 2021Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Guodong Zhao, Zhi Chen, Burak Kizilkaya, Muhammad ImranAbstract:Ultra-reliable and low-latency communicationURLLC) is one of the most important scenarios in forthcoming fifth generation (5G) cellular networks to ensure timely exchange of information and realize real-time Wireless Control. In URLLC, timely information update needs to be guaranteed since Control performance, e.g., Control cost and stability, is directly determined by timely Control information update. In this paper, we introduce an effective age of informationEAoI) to evaluate the timeliness of information update in Control process. We consider the Control process with two phases: sensor to Controller phase and Controller to actuator phase. We adopt first-generate-first-serve (FGFS) $M/M/1/1$ $\rightarrow$ $M/M/1/2$ and FGFS $M/M/1/1^*$ $\rightarrow$ $M/M/1/2^*$ tandem queuing models to represent Control process and we use finite-state Markov chains to describe Control information updates. By studying state transitions, we calculate the average EAoI for both tandem queuing models. More importantly, we analyze throughput of Wireless Control systems and its relationship with average EAoI, which provides a guideline for URLLC system design in real-time feedback Control systems. Simulation results show the advantage of using EAoI.
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Age of Information for Actuation Update in Real-Time Wireless Control Systems
'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)', 2021Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Zhao Guodong, Imran, Muhammad Ali, Li Emma, Meng Zhen, Chen ZhiAbstract:In this paper, we introduce a generalized definition of age of information (AoI) for actuation update in real-time Wireless Control systems. In such a system, a general queueing model, i.e., M/M/1/1 queueing model, is used to describe the actuation update, in which the sampling packets arrive at the remote Controller following the Poisson process, the process from the Controller to the actuator follows the exponential distribution, and the actuation intends to update at the actuator at the predictive time. Then, the initial time of the AoI for the new actuation update is the predictive time for the latest update, which is significantly different from the traditional calculation in status update. By the relationship between communication time from the Controller to the actuator and predictive time, the AoI calculation falls into two cases, where the conventional AoI in status update is a specific case in this paper. Simulation results show the performance of our method
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Effective age of information in real-time Wireless feedback Control systems
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2021Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Li Liying, Zhao Guodong, Chen Zhi, Kizilkaya Burak, Imran, Muhammad AliAbstract:Ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is one of the most important scenarios in forthcoming fifth generation (5G) cellular networks to ensure timely exchange of information and realize real-time Wireless Control. In URLLC, timely information update needs to be guaranteed since Control performance, e.g., Control cost and stability, is directly determined by timely Control information update. In this paper, we introduce an effective age of information (EAoI) to evaluate the timeliness of information update in Control process. We consider the Control process with two phases: sensor to Controller phase and Controller to actuator phase. We adopt FGFS M/M/1/1 → M/M/1/2 and FGFS M/M/1/1* → M/M/1/2* tandem queuing models to represent Control process and we use finite-state Markov Chains to describe Control information updates. By studying state transitions, we calculate the average EAoI for both tandem queuing models. More importantly, we analyze throughput of Wireless Control systems and its relationship with average EAoI, which provides a guideline for URLLC system design in real-time feedback Control systems. Simulation results show the advantage of using EAoI
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Energy-Efficient Power Allocation in URLLC Enabled Wireless Control for Factory Automation Applications
'Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)', 2020Co-Authors: Al Ayidh Abdulrahman, Bo Chang, Zhao Guodong, Ghannam Rami, Imran, Muhammad AliAbstract:The coming fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks encourage to support several innovations and services, some of which will demand Ultra-reliable and Low-latency Communications (URLLC). For instance, URLLC can support real-time Control to facilitate several emerging applications, such as robotic arms in industrial applications, and remote surgery for healthcare applications. However, URLLC is expected to be supported without considering the resources usage efficiency in Wireless Control systems due to the challenging to satisfy Quality of Service (QoS) requirements at the expense of diminishing energy efficiency. In this paper, we analyze uplink energy efficiency in URLLC utilizing multiple antennas in the transmitter and the receiver as well (MIMO) in real-time Wireless Control systems. We firstly formulate an optimization problem to maximize energy efficiency concerning the effect of the Control convergence rate constraint. Then, we develop an exhaustive search method to obtain the maximum energy efficiency. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the performance of our proposed method
Harish Viswanathan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exploiting diversity for ultra reliable and low latency Wireless Control
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2021Co-Authors: Saeed R Khosravirad, Harish ViswanathanAbstract:This paper introduces a Wireless communication protocol for industrial Control systems that uses channel quality awareness to dynamically create network-device cooperation and assist the nodes in momentary poor channel conditions. To that point, channel state information is used to identify nodes with strong and weak channel conditions. We show that strong nodes in the network are best to be served in a single-hop transmission with transmission rate adapted to their instantaneous channel conditions. Meanwhile, the remainder of time-frequency resources is used to serve the nodes with weak channel condition using a two-hop transmission with cooperative communication among all the nodes to meet the target reliability in their communication with the Controller. We formulate the achievable multi-user and multi-antenna diversity gain in the low-latency regime, and propose a new scheme for exploiting those on-demand , in favor of reliability and efficiency. The proposed transmission scheme is therefore dubbed adaptive network-device cooperation (ANDCoop), since it is able to adaptively allocate cooperation resources while enjoying the multi-user diversity gain of the network. We formulate the optimization problem of associating nodes to each group and dividing resources between the two groups. Numerical solutions show significant improvement in spectral efficiency and system reliability compared to the existing schemes in the literature. System design incorporating the proposed transmission strategy can thus reduce infrastructure cost for future private Wireless networks.
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adaptive network device cooperative diversity for ultra reliable and low latency Wireless Control
Vehicular Technology Conference, 2019Co-Authors: Saeed R Khosravirad, Harish ViswanathanAbstract:Wireless motion Control in the next generation of industrial Control systems aims to provide the sensor/actuator devices on a factory floor with continuous closed-loop Control updates from the Controller entity, requiring communications with extremely low latency in the order of sub-ms and "cablelike" high reliability. This paper introduces a Wireless communication protocol that uses channel state information (CSI) and cooperative communication among the devices to best utilize the radio resources and provide an ultra-reliable radio access. We propose to use CSI to identify devices with strong and weak channel conditions. We show that strong devices in the network are best to be served in a single-hop transmission with transmission rate adapted to their instantaneous channel conditions. Meanwhile, the remainder of time-frequency resources is used to serve the devices with weak channel condition, using a two-hop transmission with cooperative relaying. We formulate the optimization problem of partitioning time budget between the two groups and associating devices to each group. Numerical solution to the optimization problem and simulation results are provided. Thanks to combining multi-user diversity gain together with cooperative relaying, the proposed solution provides orders of magnitude improvement in system reliability, resulting in more than 10 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR) gain at 10−5 system outage probability point, with respect to state-of-the-art protocols.
Zhi Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effective age of information in real time Wireless feedback Control systems
Science in China Series F: Information Sciences, 2021Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Guodong Zhao, Zhi Chen, Burak Kizilkaya, Muhammad ImranAbstract:Ultra-reliable and low-latency communicationURLLC) is one of the most important scenarios in forthcoming fifth generation (5G) cellular networks to ensure timely exchange of information and realize real-time Wireless Control. In URLLC, timely information update needs to be guaranteed since Control performance, e.g., Control cost and stability, is directly determined by timely Control information update. In this paper, we introduce an effective age of informationEAoI) to evaluate the timeliness of information update in Control process. We consider the Control process with two phases: sensor to Controller phase and Controller to actuator phase. We adopt first-generate-first-serve (FGFS) $M/M/1/1$ $\rightarrow$ $M/M/1/2$ and FGFS $M/M/1/1^*$ $\rightarrow$ $M/M/1/2^*$ tandem queuing models to represent Control process and we use finite-state Markov chains to describe Control information updates. By studying state transitions, we calculate the average EAoI for both tandem queuing models. More importantly, we analyze throughput of Wireless Control systems and its relationship with average EAoI, which provides a guideline for URLLC system design in real-time feedback Control systems. Simulation results show the advantage of using EAoI.
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Optimizing Resource Allocation in URLLC for Real-Time Wireless Control Systems
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Liying Li, Guodong Zhao, Lei Zhang, Zhi ChenAbstract:As one of the three main scenarios in the fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks, ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) can be served as an enabler for real-time Wireless Control systems. In such a system, the communication resource consumption in URLLC and the Control subsystem performance are mutually dependent. To optimize the overall system performance, it is critical to integrate URLLC and Control subsystems together by formulating a co-design problem. In this paper, based on uplink transmission, we study the resource allocation problem for URLLC in real-time Wireless Control systems. The problem is conducted by optimizing bandwidth and transmission power allocation in URLLC and Control convergence rate subject to the constraints on communication and Control. To formulate and solve the problem, we first convert the Control convergence rate requirement into a communication reliability constraint. Then, the co-design problem can be replaced by a regular Wireless resource allocation problem. By proving the converted problem is concave, an iteration algorithm is proposed to find the optimal communication resource allocation. Based on that, the optimal Control convergence rate can be obtained to optimize overall system performance. Simulation results show remarkable performance gain in terms of spectral efficiency and Control cost. Compared with the scheme of satisfying fixed quality-of-service in traditional URLLC design, our method can adjust optimal spectrum allocation to maximize the communication spectral efficiency and maintain the actual Control requirement.
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dynamic qos allocation for real time Wireless Control in tactile internet
2018 IEEE 5G World Forum (5GWF), 2018Co-Authors: Bo Chang, Guodong Zhao, Muhammad Imran, Zhi ChenAbstract:Ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) is critical to enable real-time Wireless Control in tactile internet (TACNET). However, it requires significant Wireless resource consumption due to the extreme quality-of-service (QoS) requirement. In this paper, we propose a dynamic QoS allocation method from the perspective of communication-Control co-design. In the proposed method, the QoS of URLLC is adjusted in a Control process, where high QoS is given to critical Control periods while low QoS is given to non-critical ones. As a result, the proposed method can significantly reduce the Wireless energy consumption compared with conventional method that uses high QoS during the whole Control process. Simulation results show the performance of our method.
Lauren E Linderman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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decentralized active Control of multistory civil structure with Wireless smart sensor nodes
Journal of Engineering Mechanics-asce, 2016Co-Authors: Lauren E Linderman, B F SpencerAbstract:AbstractWireless smart sensors, a popular option for structural health monitoring, are an exciting alternative to traditional tethered systems for structural Control. Their onboard communication, sensing, actuation, and processing capabilities offer all the components for feedback Control to limit structural response during earthquakes and wind. However, Wireless smart sensors pose unique challenges for structural Control including communication latency, delays, and data loss. Previous research in Wireless structural Control has used decentralized Control approaches to overcome these inherent limitations. However, these experimental investigations have focused on semiactive Control systems, in which stability is guaranteed. Thus, the semiactive Wireless Control implementations are less sensitive to delays and sampling rate limitations imposed by the smart sensors. This paper presents an experimental investigation of decentralized Wireless active Control. All the elements of the Wireless Control system are...
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Recent advances in Wireless smart sensors for multi-scale monitoring and Control of civil infrastructure
Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring, 2016Co-Authors: Billie F. Spencer, Lauren E Linderman, Kirill A. Mechitov, Sung-han Sim, Robin E. Kim, Soojin Cho, Parya Moinzadeh, Ryan K. Giles, Gul AghaAbstract:While much of the technology associated with Wireless smart sensors (WSS) has been available for over a decade, only a limited number of full-scale implementations have been realized for civil infrastructure, primarily due to the lack of critical hardware and software elements. Using the Imote2, a flexible WSS framework has been developed for full-scale, autonomous structural health monitoring (SHM) that integrates the necessary software and hardware elements, while addressing key implementation requirements for civil infrastructure. This paper discusses the recent advances in the development of this WSS framework and extensions to structural Control. Their successful implementations at full-scale for SHM of the 2nd Jindo Bridge in South Korea and the Government Bridge at the Rock Island Arsenal in Illinois, USA, as well as for Wireless Control of a lab-scale structure are presented.
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benchmark problem in active structural Control with Wireless sensor network
Structural Control & Health Monitoring, 2016Co-Authors: Zhuoxiong Sun, Shirley J Dyke, Lauren E LindermanAbstract:Summary Structural Control systems offer an attractive approach to protect civil infrastructures from natural hazards such as earthquakes. Wireless structural Control systems that utilize Wireless sensors for sensing, communication, and Control have drawn increased attention because of the flexible installation, rapid deployment, and reduced cost. Although there are studies of Wireless Control systems for civil structures, a benchmark problem that captures not only the dynamics of the plant but also the realistic features of a Wireless network has not been available. In this paper, a benchmark model for an active mass driver system with a Wireless sensor network is presented. This Wireless Control benchmark model combines a seismically excited building benchmark model developed with Simulink (Matlab, MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA) and a Wireless sensor network implemented in simulation using a state-of-the-art Wireless simulator TOSSIM (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA). Wireless signal and noise traces collected from a real-world multistory building are used as inputs to TOSSIM to realistically simulate the Wireless sensor network. Wireless Control design issues such as network-induced delay, data loss, available sensor measurements, measurement noises, and Control constraints can be studied with this benchmark model. A sample Controller is provided to illustrate the Wireless Control design. Evaluation criteria have been provided to examine resources and Control performances. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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low latency data acquisition hardware for real time Wireless sensor applications
IEEE Sensors Journal, 2015Co-Authors: Lauren E Linderman, Hongki JoAbstract:Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are an attractive alternative to traditional tethered systems for monitoring and feedback Control of civil structures. In civil engineering, research has focused on the application of WSN to structural health monitoring (SHM); as a result, hardware has been tailored to SHM applications. However, the real-time performance requirements of WSNs for Control are more stringent than for monitoring applications. Wireless communication, processing time, and data-acquisition hardware are a few of the many sources of time-delay in Wireless Control systems; this paper will focus on the latency due to the acquisition and actuation hardware in the Control loop, i.e., the time between capturing a measurement and its availability on the processor. Previous work on smart sensor hardware focuses either on resolution for SHM applications or the actuation interface for Control applications. Overall, an analysis of latency due to the data-acquisition hardware and an understanding of the inherent limitations have been lacking. This paper illustrates the limitations of a common analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture for SHM applications and presents a low-latency hardware solution for Wireless Control nodes. The performance of the two different data-acquisition techniques emphasizes the implication of ADC architecture on the latency and resolution of the data. Ultimately, through the use of an successive-approximation-register-type ADC and careful design of the corresponding driver, the latency due to the hardware is almost negligible.
Saeed R Khosravirad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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exploiting diversity for ultra reliable and low latency Wireless Control
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 2021Co-Authors: Saeed R Khosravirad, Harish ViswanathanAbstract:This paper introduces a Wireless communication protocol for industrial Control systems that uses channel quality awareness to dynamically create network-device cooperation and assist the nodes in momentary poor channel conditions. To that point, channel state information is used to identify nodes with strong and weak channel conditions. We show that strong nodes in the network are best to be served in a single-hop transmission with transmission rate adapted to their instantaneous channel conditions. Meanwhile, the remainder of time-frequency resources is used to serve the nodes with weak channel condition using a two-hop transmission with cooperative communication among all the nodes to meet the target reliability in their communication with the Controller. We formulate the achievable multi-user and multi-antenna diversity gain in the low-latency regime, and propose a new scheme for exploiting those on-demand , in favor of reliability and efficiency. The proposed transmission scheme is therefore dubbed adaptive network-device cooperation (ANDCoop), since it is able to adaptively allocate cooperation resources while enjoying the multi-user diversity gain of the network. We formulate the optimization problem of associating nodes to each group and dividing resources between the two groups. Numerical solutions show significant improvement in spectral efficiency and system reliability compared to the existing schemes in the literature. System design incorporating the proposed transmission strategy can thus reduce infrastructure cost for future private Wireless networks.
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adaptive network device cooperative diversity for ultra reliable and low latency Wireless Control
Vehicular Technology Conference, 2019Co-Authors: Saeed R Khosravirad, Harish ViswanathanAbstract:Wireless motion Control in the next generation of industrial Control systems aims to provide the sensor/actuator devices on a factory floor with continuous closed-loop Control updates from the Controller entity, requiring communications with extremely low latency in the order of sub-ms and "cablelike" high reliability. This paper introduces a Wireless communication protocol that uses channel state information (CSI) and cooperative communication among the devices to best utilize the radio resources and provide an ultra-reliable radio access. We propose to use CSI to identify devices with strong and weak channel conditions. We show that strong devices in the network are best to be served in a single-hop transmission with transmission rate adapted to their instantaneous channel conditions. Meanwhile, the remainder of time-frequency resources is used to serve the devices with weak channel condition, using a two-hop transmission with cooperative relaying. We formulate the optimization problem of partitioning time budget between the two groups and associating devices to each group. Numerical solution to the optimization problem and simulation results are provided. Thanks to combining multi-user diversity gain together with cooperative relaying, the proposed solution provides orders of magnitude improvement in system reliability, resulting in more than 10 dB signal to noise ratio (SNR) gain at 10−5 system outage probability point, with respect to state-of-the-art protocols.