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Taraneh Sowlati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis of feedstock requirement for the expansion of a biomass-fed district heating system considering daily variations in heat demand and biomass quality
Energy Conversion and Management, 2019Co-Authors: Olivier Quirion-blais, Krishna Teja Malladi, Taraneh Sowlati, Evelyn Gao, Cliff MuiAbstract:Abstract Evaluating the feedstock requirement of biomass-fed district heating systems is important when planning their installation or expansion. Public acceptance, which favors or deters the utilization of biomass, could be impacted by feedstock supply logistics. Feedstock requirement of district heating plants depends on the heat demand from the consumer and biomass quality characteristics, which vary over time. Previous studies on utilizing biomass for district heating mostly assumed average feedstock quality characteristics and aggregated heat demand values without considering their daily variations. While using average quality characteristics provides the average feedstock requirement of the plant, the actual requirement may vary significantly from the average value when daily variations in quality characteristics are considered. Not including these variations could lead to infeasibilities in meeting the heat demand of the plant. This study assesses the feedstock requirement of expanding a district heating plant considering daily variations in biomass quality characteristics and heat demand. A Microsoft Excel-based simulation model with one-year planning horizon and daily time steps is developed for the assessment. The costs and CO 2 -eq emissions of using different feedstock types are evaluated with and without trucking limitations. The developed model is applied to a real biomass-fed district heating plant at the University of British Columbia, Canada. The capacity of the heating plant is planned to be expanded from 6 MW to 18 MW. Three feedstock types, namely, Wood Residues, pellets and briquettes, and a mix of them are assessed. The results suggest that when enough trucking capacity is available, the plant would receive 2–9 truckloads of Wood Residues or 1–3 truckloads of pellets/briquettes. The expansion could reduce the total CO 2 emissions by about 11,000 tonnes compared to those emitted by the 6 MW (current) biomass-fed heating capacity and natural gas (for a total of 18 MW) when sufficient biomass is available to the plant. However, when trucking is limited, using only Wood Residues could cause biomass shortage for almost half of the year and result in more emissions due to natural gas consumption. Utilizing energy dense feedstock, such as pellets and briquettes, could mitigate the effects of limited trucking, though, the total fuel cost could increase by 76% and 58%, respectively, compared to using only Wood Residues. Using a mix of Wood Residues and pellets/briquettes could achieve a reasonable trade-off between emission reduction and unit fuel cost.
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economic and life cycle environmental optimization of forest based biorefinery supply chains for bioenergy and biofuel production
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2016Co-Authors: Claudia Cambero, Taraneh Sowlati, Mihai PavelAbstract:Abstract The increased use of forest and Wood Residues for the production of bioenergy, biofuels, and other bioproducts is essential to enhance the economic performance of forest products industries and reduce environmental impacts. Bi-objective optimization models have been developed recently to support the optimum design of either bioenergy or biofuels supply chains considering economic as well as environmental impacts. In an integrated bioenergy and biofuels supply chain where biofuel producers are also users of the generated energy, the energy flows among co-located supply chain entities affect the environmental and economic objective functions and consequently the optimal design of the supply chain, therefore, the energy flows have to be considered in the optimization model. This type of bi-objective problem has not been modeled in previous studies. In this paper, a bi-objective biorefinery supply chain optimization model for the production of bioenergy and biofuels using forest and Wood Residues is developed. The model considers energy flows among co-located technologies and is formulated as a multi-period mixed integer program (MIP) that calculates the net present value (NPV) and the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings associated with the biorefinery supply chain. The applicability of the proposed model is illustrated through a case study in British Columbia, Canada.
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modeling of forest and Wood Residues supply chains for bioenergy and biofuel production
Biomass Supply Chains for Bioenergy and Biorefining, 2016Co-Authors: Taraneh SowlatiAbstract:Forest-based biomass is a renewable source that can be used as feedstock in bioconversion facilities to produce bioenergy, biofuels, and biomaterials. It has the potential to reduce dependency on fossil fuels, decrease emissions, and create jobs in rural communities. The important issues in the economic feasibility of utilizing this renewable source are its availability, cost, and quality. Furthermore, it has a complex supply chain consisting of interdependent and interconnected activities and processes through a set of independent business entities. Variability and uncertainty in the supply chain affect the cost and the amount of generated bioenergy/biofuels and consequently the cost competitiveness of forest-based biomass. In addition to economic feasibility, the environmental and social impacts of this renewable source are other key factors in sustainable planning. Different approaches have been used to model and support forest-based biomass supply chain decisions. There has been a trend to integrate economic, environmental, and social impacts in supply chain models. Incorporating multiple objectives as well as uncertainties in different parameters makes the models more complex or even intractable. Hybrid approaches could provide suitable frameworks to address these complexities.
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life cycle greenhouse gas analysis of bioenergy generation alternatives using forest and Wood Residues in remote locations a case study in british columbia canada
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2015Co-Authors: Claudia Cambero, Mariane Hans Alexandre, Taraneh SowlatiAbstract:Abstract Utilization of forest and Wood Residues as bioenergy feedstock in some remote communities could reduce environmental burdens and increase development opportunities. In a thorough bioenergy project planning, in addition to the economic performance, the potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from investment alternatives should be considered. We present an economic assessment and a life cycle analysis of GHG emissions of alternative bioenergy systems, which include four combustion and gasification technologies with different capacities (0.5 MW, 2 MW and 5 MW), in two remote communities in British Columbia, Canada. In the analysis, all stages from harvesting to energy production are included, and the GHG emissions of the baseline system in each community (the current situation with all the products and services it provides) are used as the reference for comparison. Results of this study show that for small scale alternatives (0.5 MW and 2 MW), cogenerating plants using boiler/steam turbines generate the cheapest electricity, while for larger scale alternatives (5 MW), the most economical plant alternative is a gasification cogeneration system. In the community where all energy needs are currently satisfied using fossil fuels, and all biomass Residues (forest and sawmill Residues) are currently disposed by burning, net reductions of up to 40,909 t of CO 2 equivalent GHG emissions could be achieved with the installation of a 5 MW boiler/steam turbine cogenerating heat and electricity. In the community where the current energy mix is mostly supplied from other renewable sources (i.e. hydro), and where forest Residues are disposed by burning and sawmill Residues are landfilled, the net GHG emission reductions that can be achieved with a bioenergy system are considerably lower (2535 t of CO 2 equivalent emissions with a 5 MW cogenerating gasification system) or null, since the carbon capture of current biomass disposal in landfill outweighs the carbon emission reduction of most bioenergy alternatives.
Claudia Cambero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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economic and life cycle environmental optimization of forest based biorefinery supply chains for bioenergy and biofuel production
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2016Co-Authors: Claudia Cambero, Taraneh Sowlati, Mihai PavelAbstract:Abstract The increased use of forest and Wood Residues for the production of bioenergy, biofuels, and other bioproducts is essential to enhance the economic performance of forest products industries and reduce environmental impacts. Bi-objective optimization models have been developed recently to support the optimum design of either bioenergy or biofuels supply chains considering economic as well as environmental impacts. In an integrated bioenergy and biofuels supply chain where biofuel producers are also users of the generated energy, the energy flows among co-located supply chain entities affect the environmental and economic objective functions and consequently the optimal design of the supply chain, therefore, the energy flows have to be considered in the optimization model. This type of bi-objective problem has not been modeled in previous studies. In this paper, a bi-objective biorefinery supply chain optimization model for the production of bioenergy and biofuels using forest and Wood Residues is developed. The model considers energy flows among co-located technologies and is formulated as a multi-period mixed integer program (MIP) that calculates the net present value (NPV) and the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings associated with the biorefinery supply chain. The applicability of the proposed model is illustrated through a case study in British Columbia, Canada.
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life cycle greenhouse gas analysis of bioenergy generation alternatives using forest and Wood Residues in remote locations a case study in british columbia canada
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2015Co-Authors: Claudia Cambero, Mariane Hans Alexandre, Taraneh SowlatiAbstract:Abstract Utilization of forest and Wood Residues as bioenergy feedstock in some remote communities could reduce environmental burdens and increase development opportunities. In a thorough bioenergy project planning, in addition to the economic performance, the potential greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from investment alternatives should be considered. We present an economic assessment and a life cycle analysis of GHG emissions of alternative bioenergy systems, which include four combustion and gasification technologies with different capacities (0.5 MW, 2 MW and 5 MW), in two remote communities in British Columbia, Canada. In the analysis, all stages from harvesting to energy production are included, and the GHG emissions of the baseline system in each community (the current situation with all the products and services it provides) are used as the reference for comparison. Results of this study show that for small scale alternatives (0.5 MW and 2 MW), cogenerating plants using boiler/steam turbines generate the cheapest electricity, while for larger scale alternatives (5 MW), the most economical plant alternative is a gasification cogeneration system. In the community where all energy needs are currently satisfied using fossil fuels, and all biomass Residues (forest and sawmill Residues) are currently disposed by burning, net reductions of up to 40,909 t of CO 2 equivalent GHG emissions could be achieved with the installation of a 5 MW boiler/steam turbine cogenerating heat and electricity. In the community where the current energy mix is mostly supplied from other renewable sources (i.e. hydro), and where forest Residues are disposed by burning and sawmill Residues are landfilled, the net GHG emission reductions that can be achieved with a bioenergy system are considerably lower (2535 t of CO 2 equivalent emissions with a 5 MW cogenerating gasification system) or null, since the carbon capture of current biomass disposal in landfill outweighs the carbon emission reduction of most bioenergy alternatives.
B M Jenkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wood Residues from sawmills in california
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2008Co-Authors: P Yang, B M JenkinsAbstract:Abstract Sawmill residue is an important component of biomass resources for California; however, factors allowing for projections of future resources are not well established. Differences exist relative to timber diameter class, species type, and milling technology used in other western states for which residue factors have been developed. In this study, sawmill residue production was estimated by two methods. The first utilized lumber production and a sawmill residue volume factor, while the second used total log consumption by sawmills and a sawmill residue weight factor. These two factors were developed based on literature, historic data, and experiences from timber specialists, which can be used to predict sawmill residue production in recent years in California. Estimated sawmill residue generation in California ranged from 2.2 to 2.6 Mt, dry weight basis, in 2002 and 2.2–2.5 Mt in 2003. Residues were also estimated for 1988, 1994, and 2000 for comparison to other reported estimates for sawmill Residues in these years. Coarse and fine Residues and bark accounted for approximately 45%, 32%, and 23% of total sawmill Residues generated. Potentially, more than two million metric tons of sawmill Residues are available for bioenergy production and could contribute to California's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) for increasing amounts of electricity from renewable resources and to other policy objectives for increasing amounts of renewable biofuels and bio-based products.
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Wood Residues from sawmills in california
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2008Co-Authors: B M JenkinsAbstract:Abstract Sawmill residue is an important component of biomass resources for California; however, factors allowing for projections of future resources are not well established. Differences exist relative to timber diameter class, species type, and milling technology used in other western states for which residue factors have been developed. In this study, sawmill residue production was estimated by two methods. The first utilized lumber production and a sawmill residue volume factor, while the second used total log consumption by sawmills and a sawmill residue weight factor. These two factors were developed based on literature, historic data, and experiences from timber specialists, which can be used to predict sawmill residue production in recent years in California. Estimated sawmill residue generation in California ranged from 2.2 to 2.6 Mt, dry weight basis, in 2002 and 2.2–2.5 Mt in 2003. Residues were also estimated for 1988, 1994, and 2000 for comparison to other reported estimates for sawmill Residues in these years. Coarse and fine Residues and bark accounted for approximately 45%, 32%, and 23% of total sawmill Residues generated. Potentially, more than two million metric tons of sawmill Residues are available for bioenergy production and could contribute to California's Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) for increasing amounts of electricity from renewable resources and to other policy objectives for increasing amounts of renewable biofuels and bio-based products.
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Wood Residues from sawmills in california
2005 Tampa FL July 17-20 2005, 2005Co-Authors: B M JenkinsAbstract:Sawmill residue is an important component of biomass resources for California, but factors allowing for projections of future resources are not well established. Differences exist relative to species type and milling technology used in other western states for which residue factors have been developed. Sawmill Residues produced in 2002 and 2003 were estimated by two methods. The first utilized lumber production and a sawmill residue volume factor while the second used total log consumption by sawmills and a sawmill residue weight factor. Sawmill Residues generated in California were estimated as 2.43 – 2.82 million BDT in 2002 and 2.38 – 2.76 million BDT in 2003. Residues were also estimated for 1988, 1994, and 2000 for comparison to other reported estimates for sawmill Residues in these years. Coarse and fine Residues and bark accounted for approximately 45, 32, and 23% of total sawmill Residues generated, respectively.
Mihai Pavel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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economic and life cycle environmental optimization of forest based biorefinery supply chains for bioenergy and biofuel production
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2016Co-Authors: Claudia Cambero, Taraneh Sowlati, Mihai PavelAbstract:Abstract The increased use of forest and Wood Residues for the production of bioenergy, biofuels, and other bioproducts is essential to enhance the economic performance of forest products industries and reduce environmental impacts. Bi-objective optimization models have been developed recently to support the optimum design of either bioenergy or biofuels supply chains considering economic as well as environmental impacts. In an integrated bioenergy and biofuels supply chain where biofuel producers are also users of the generated energy, the energy flows among co-located supply chain entities affect the environmental and economic objective functions and consequently the optimal design of the supply chain, therefore, the energy flows have to be considered in the optimization model. This type of bi-objective problem has not been modeled in previous studies. In this paper, a bi-objective biorefinery supply chain optimization model for the production of bioenergy and biofuels using forest and Wood Residues is developed. The model considers energy flows among co-located technologies and is formulated as a multi-period mixed integer program (MIP) that calculates the net present value (NPV) and the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings associated with the biorefinery supply chain. The applicability of the proposed model is illustrated through a case study in British Columbia, Canada.
Cicero Wellington Brito Bezerra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wood bagassa guianensis aubl and green coconut mesocarp cocos nucifera Residues as textile dye removers remazol red and remazol brilliant violet
Journal of Environmental Management, 2017Co-Authors: Monica S Monteiro, Robson F De Farias, Jose Alberto Pestana Chaves, Sirlane A A Santana, Hildo Antonio Dos Santos Silva, Cicero Wellington Brito BezerraAbstract:Abstract In this work the efficiency of two lignocellulosic waste materials, Wood Residues and coconut mesocarp, were investigated as adsorbents towards two representative textile dyes (Remazol Red, RR and Remazol Brilliant Violet, RBV). The moisture, carbohydrate, protein, lipid, ash and fiber contents of both natural matrices were characterized. The materials were also characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area analysis and thermogravimetry. The adsorption of dyes was monitored by using UV–Vis spectrophotometry. It was verified that both, coconut mesocarp (CM) and Wood Residues can act as effective adsorbents towards the investigated dyes. It is verified that the maximum adsorption capacity Γ M (mg g −1 ) for RBV and RR are 7.28 and 3.97 towards CM and 0.64 and 0.71 towrads SD. Furthermore, it was verified that the adsorption is strongly pH dependent and, as a general behavior, an increase in the pH value is associated with a decrease of the total amount of adsorbed dye. The adsorption of violet dye onto coconut mesocarp is well described by the Langmuir model, while all the remazol red fitted better with the Freundlich equation.
