The Experts below are selected from a list of 1125768 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ronald O Scattergood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
chip formation cutting forces and tool wear in turning of zr based bulk metallic glass
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2004Co-Authors: Mustafa Bakkal, Albert J. Shih, Ronald O ScattergoodAbstract:The chip light emission and morphology, cutting forces, surface roughness, and tool wear in turning of Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) material are investigated. Machining results are compared with those of aluminum 6061-T6 and AISI 304 stainless steel under the same cutting conditions. This study demonstrates that the high cutting speeds and tools with low thermal conductivity and rake angle activate the light emission and chip oxidation in BMG machining. For the BMG chip without light emission, serrated chip formation with adiabatic shear band and void formation is observed. The cutting force analysis further correlates the chip oxidation and specific cutting energy and shows the significant reduction of cutting forces for machining BMG at high cutting speeds. The machined surface of BMG has better surface roughness than that of the other two Work Materials. Some tool wear features, including the welding of chip to the tool tip and chipping of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tool edge, are reported for turning of BMG. This study concludes that BMG can be machined with good surface roughness using conventional cutting tools.
-
development of the cylindrical wire electrical discharge machining process part 2 surface integrity and roundness
Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme, 2002Co-Authors: Jun Qu, Albert J. Shih, Ronald O ScattergoodAbstract:This study investigates the surface integrity and roundness of parts created by the cylindrical wire EDM process. A mathematical model for the arithmetic average surface roughness on the ideal surface of a cylindrical wire EDM Workpiece is first derived. Effects of wire feed rate and part rotational speed on the surface finish and roundness for brass and carbide Work-Materials at high material removal rates are investigated. The pulse on-time and wire feed rate are varied to explore the best possible surface finish and roundness achievable by the cylindrical wire EDM process. This study has demonstrated that, for carbide parts, an arithmetic average surface roughness and roundness as low as 0.68 and 1.7 mm, respectively, can be achieved. Surfaces of the cylindrical EDM parts were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to identify the macro-ridges and craters on the surface. Cross-sections of the EDM parts are examined using the SEM to quantify the sub-surface recast layers and heat-affected zones under various process parameters. This study has demonstrated that the cylindrical wire EDM process parameters can be adjusted to achieve either high material removal rate or good surface integrity and roundness. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1475989]
K Takano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
effects of free cutting additives on the machinability of austenitic stainless steels
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003Co-Authors: Tadahisa Akasawa, H Sakurai, M Nakamura, Takio Tanaka, K TakanoAbstract:Abstract Experiments conducted to determine the effects of free-cutting additives on the machinability of austenitic stainless steel are described. Work Materials were SUS303, SUS303Cu, SUS304 and SUS316, the contents of the additives, such as S, Ca, Cu and Bi, were varied and the steels were melted in furnaces of a commercial scale and a vacuum induction furnace were used. Machining tests were carried out dry and with a cutting fluid on an NC lathe using K10 carbide tools. The following cutting conditions were chosen in consideration of finish turning of parts for electronic appliances: a feed rate of 0.05–0.1 mm/rev and a cutting speed range of 12.5–100 m/min. The usual measurements were made and microhardness in the machined surface layer and strain-induced martensitic transformation were also measured. The machinability was evaluated especially in terms of the integrity of the machined surface.
-
effects of free cutting additives on the machinability of austenitic stainless steels
Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2003Co-Authors: Tadahisa Akasawa, H Sakurai, M Nakamura, Takio Tanaka, K TakanoAbstract:Abstract Experiments conducted to determine the effects of free-cutting additives on the machinability of austenitic stainless steel are described. Work Materials were SUS303, SUS303Cu, SUS304 and SUS316, the contents of the additives, such as S, Ca, Cu and Bi, were varied and the steels were melted in furnaces of a commercial scale and a vacuum induction furnace were used. Machining tests were carried out dry and with a cutting fluid on an NC lathe using K10 carbide tools. The following cutting conditions were chosen in consideration of finish turning of parts for electronic appliances: a feed rate of 0.05–0.1 mm/rev and a cutting speed range of 12.5–100 m/min. The usual measurements were made and microhardness in the machined surface layer and strain-induced martensitic transformation were also measured. The machinability was evaluated especially in terms of the integrity of the machined surface.
Tetsuo Shiraga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Machinability of BN free-machining steel in turning
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2007Co-Authors: Ryutaro Tanaka, Yasuo Yamane, Katsuhiko Sekiya, Norihiko Narutaki, Tetsuo ShiragaAbstract:Abstract In the past few years, extensive researches have been done to improve the machinability of Work Materials in order to increase productivity and reduce the effect on the environment. To satisfy these demands, various free-machining steels have been researched and developed. One of them is BN free-machining steel that contains hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). However, the machinability was not stable. In this study, machining tests were carried out to clarify the machinability of steels and appropriate chemical composition of Work material and tool material to achieve high efficient machining. Tested Work Materials were plane carbon steel JIS S45C and BN free-machining steels. The JIS S45C was used as the standard. The tool wear in turning BN free-machining steel was smaller than that in turning standard steel. In case of turning BN1 with P30 at 200, 300 m/min, the wear progress rate of flank wear and crater depth were about half as much as that in turning standard steel. BN free-machining steel showed slightly lower cutting temperature and smaller cutting force in comparison with standard steel at the tested cutting speeds. Al and N were detected as a layer at the tool wear region of P grade carbide tools after turning BN free-machining steel at high cutting speed. It is thought that one of the main reasons of outstanding machinability of BN free-machining steel is that the deposited layer containing Al and N acts as diffusion barrier at the tool–chip interface. In turning larger Al content BN-added steel with higher Ti content cutting tools, a larger wear reduction was observed. Therefore, it is said that not only added BN but also appropriate Al is necessary in Work material.
Albert J. Shih - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
blade oblique cutting of tissue for investigation of biopsy needle insertion
37th Annual North American Manufacturing Research Conference NAMRC 37, 2009Co-Authors: Jason Z Moore, Albert J. Shih, Carl S Mcgill, Patrick W Mclaughlin, Qinhe Zhang, Haojun ZhengAbstract:Needle biopsy is a common medical procedure where a needle is guided into the body and used to cut and remove tissue for evaluation. The geometry of needle tip and speed of insertion are important to the efficiency of tissue cutting. This study investigates the mathematical model on the needle tip cutting edge, which is divided into several elementary cutting tools (ECT). The cutting edge is modeled as ECTs with constant inclination angle (). A blade oblique cutting machine was developed to test the cutting of bovine liver and phantom gel Work-Materials by inserting a thin sharp blade at different inclination angles. Experimentations performed reveals phenomena associated with cutting of soft tissue and tissue-like Materials. Increased speeds and decreased inclination angles lead to higher cutting forces. This study also reveals that it is challenging to determine the exact location for the inception of blade cutting of soft tissue due to the large Workpiece deformation.
-
chip formation cutting forces and tool wear in turning of zr based bulk metallic glass
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2004Co-Authors: Mustafa Bakkal, Albert J. Shih, Ronald O ScattergoodAbstract:The chip light emission and morphology, cutting forces, surface roughness, and tool wear in turning of Zr-based bulk metallic glass (BMG) material are investigated. Machining results are compared with those of aluminum 6061-T6 and AISI 304 stainless steel under the same cutting conditions. This study demonstrates that the high cutting speeds and tools with low thermal conductivity and rake angle activate the light emission and chip oxidation in BMG machining. For the BMG chip without light emission, serrated chip formation with adiabatic shear band and void formation is observed. The cutting force analysis further correlates the chip oxidation and specific cutting energy and shows the significant reduction of cutting forces for machining BMG at high cutting speeds. The machined surface of BMG has better surface roughness than that of the other two Work Materials. Some tool wear features, including the welding of chip to the tool tip and chipping of the polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) tool edge, are reported for turning of BMG. This study concludes that BMG can be machined with good surface roughness using conventional cutting tools.
-
development of the cylindrical wire electrical discharge machining process part 2 surface integrity and roundness
Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering-transactions of The Asme, 2002Co-Authors: Jun Qu, Albert J. Shih, Ronald O ScattergoodAbstract:This study investigates the surface integrity and roundness of parts created by the cylindrical wire EDM process. A mathematical model for the arithmetic average surface roughness on the ideal surface of a cylindrical wire EDM Workpiece is first derived. Effects of wire feed rate and part rotational speed on the surface finish and roundness for brass and carbide Work-Materials at high material removal rates are investigated. The pulse on-time and wire feed rate are varied to explore the best possible surface finish and roundness achievable by the cylindrical wire EDM process. This study has demonstrated that, for carbide parts, an arithmetic average surface roughness and roundness as low as 0.68 and 1.7 mm, respectively, can be achieved. Surfaces of the cylindrical EDM parts were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to identify the macro-ridges and craters on the surface. Cross-sections of the EDM parts are examined using the SEM to quantify the sub-surface recast layers and heat-affected zones under various process parameters. This study has demonstrated that the cylindrical wire EDM process parameters can be adjusted to achieve either high material removal rate or good surface integrity and roundness. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1475989]
-
Development of the cylindrical wire electrical discharge machining process, part 1: Concept, design, and material removal rate
Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Transactions of the ASME, 2002Co-Authors: Jun Qu, Albert J. ShihAbstract:Results of applying the wire Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) process to generate precise cylindrical forms on hard, difficult-to-machine Materials are presented. The design of a precise, flexible, and corrosion-resistant underwater rotary spindle is first introduced. A detailed spindle error analysis identifies the major sources of error at different frequency spectrum. The spindle has been added to a conventional two-axis wire EDM machine to enable the generation of free-form cylindrical geometries. The mathematical model for material removal rate of the free-form cylindrical wire EDM process is derived. Experiments were conducted to explore the maximum material removal rate for cylindrical and 2D wire EDM of carbide and brass Work-Materials. Compared to the conventional 2D wire EDM of the same Work-material, higher maximum material removal rates may be achieved in the cylindrical wire EDM, possibly due to better debris flushing condition.
Ryutaro Tanaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
planetary motion cross bar friction test for application in machining process
Precision Engineering-journal of The International Societies for Precision Engineering and Nanotechnology, 2020Co-Authors: Yasuo Yamane, Ryutaro Tanaka, Katsuhiko Sekiya, Israel Martinez Ramirez, Yuki Jin, Mitsuru Hasegawa, Keiji YamadaAbstract:Abstract This paper describes a new method to evaluate the friction coefficient at the tool-Work interface in machining process where high stress and temperature are caused. In order to examine the feasibility of the proposed method, the present report introduces the method and the results obtained only at room temperature. Ti6Al4V, SUS304, AISI1045, FCD 700, FCD 450 and FC300 were used as Work Materials, while TiN coated carbide tool, TiAlN coated carbide tool and P15 were used as tool Materials. The proposed method provided the friction coefficients of different coatings against different Work Materials, and demonstrated the variability of friction coefficient and the anisotropy of surface roughness.
-
Influence of Additional Electrical Current on Machinability of BN Free-Machining Steel in Turning
Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design Systems and Manufacturing, 2009Co-Authors: Ryutaro Tanaka, Yongchuan Lin, Akira Hosokawa, Takashi Ueda, Keiji YamadaAbstract:It is widely known that the electromotive force generated at the interface between the cutting tool and Work material, during a metal cutting process, influences the cutting mechanism. Previously published papers describe the influence of the passage of electric current through the contact zone between cutting tool and Work material, on tool life in cutting several Work Materials. However, few papers deal with the influence of this electric current on the behavior of a deposited layer called “belag”, observed in turning Work Materials such as calcium deoxidized steel and boron and nitrogen, BN added steel. This paper deals with the machinability of BN free-machining steel in turning with a supplied current of various values and different directions of flow. The test Materials were, BN added steel based AISI 1045 which has good machinability at high cutting speed and standard AISI 1045. Turning was undertaken using one of three types of cutting tool; K10 and P30 carbide and cermet. The power source for additional current supply was a direct current source and the maximum current flowing in the circuit was 20milliamperes (mA). To investigate the influence of supplied current on the characteristics of the turning process, tool life, cutting force and cutting temperature were determined experimentally. When turning with carbide P30 the maximum crater depth in the tool was reduced drastically when the value of supplied current reached 5mA, regardless of its direction of flow, compared with depths at lower current values. This suggests that the additional electrical current promotes generation of the protective layer, on the rake face, in turning BN free-machining steel.
-
Machinability of BN free-machining steel in turning
International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, 2007Co-Authors: Ryutaro Tanaka, Yasuo Yamane, Katsuhiko Sekiya, Norihiko Narutaki, Tetsuo ShiragaAbstract:Abstract In the past few years, extensive researches have been done to improve the machinability of Work Materials in order to increase productivity and reduce the effect on the environment. To satisfy these demands, various free-machining steels have been researched and developed. One of them is BN free-machining steel that contains hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). However, the machinability was not stable. In this study, machining tests were carried out to clarify the machinability of steels and appropriate chemical composition of Work material and tool material to achieve high efficient machining. Tested Work Materials were plane carbon steel JIS S45C and BN free-machining steels. The JIS S45C was used as the standard. The tool wear in turning BN free-machining steel was smaller than that in turning standard steel. In case of turning BN1 with P30 at 200, 300 m/min, the wear progress rate of flank wear and crater depth were about half as much as that in turning standard steel. BN free-machining steel showed slightly lower cutting temperature and smaller cutting force in comparison with standard steel at the tested cutting speeds. Al and N were detected as a layer at the tool wear region of P grade carbide tools after turning BN free-machining steel at high cutting speed. It is thought that one of the main reasons of outstanding machinability of BN free-machining steel is that the deposited layer containing Al and N acts as diffusion barrier at the tool–chip interface. In turning larger Al content BN-added steel with higher Ti content cutting tools, a larger wear reduction was observed. Therefore, it is said that not only added BN but also appropriate Al is necessary in Work material.
