The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yongyuan Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Duck Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA Amplification Efficiency in Natural Infection Is Regulated by Virus Secretion Efficiency
2016Co-Authors: Yongyuan ZhangAbstract:Previous mutation based studies showed that ablating synthesis of viral envelope proteins led to elevated hepadnaviral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) amplification, but it remains unknown how cccDNA amplification is regulated in natural hepadnaviral infection because of a lack of research system. In this study we report a simple procedure to prepare two identical duck hepatitis B virus inocula, but they possess 10-100-fold difference in cccDNA amplification in infected cell culture. We demonstrate that the infected cells with higher cccDNA amplification significantly reduce the virus secretion efficiency that results in higher accumulation of relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) and DHBsAg in the cells. The infected cells with lower cccDNA amplification significantly increase the virus secretion efficiency that leads to lower intracellular rcDNA and DHBsAg accumulation. In contrast with the findings generated in the mutation based experimental system, the regulation of cccDNA amplification in natural hepadnaviral infection bypasses direct regulation of the cellular envelope proteins concentration, instead it modulates virus secretion efficiency that ulti-mately impacts the intracellular rcDNA concentration, an important factor determining the destination of the synthesized rcDNA in infected cells
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duck hepatitis b virus cccdna amplification efficiency in natural infection is regulated by virus secretion efficiency
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Yongyuan ZhangAbstract:Previous mutation based studies showed that ablating synthesis of viral envelope proteins led to elevated hepadnaviral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) amplification, but it remains unknown how cccDNA amplification is regulated in natural hepadnaviral infection because of a lack of research system. In this study we report a simple procedure to prepare two identical duck hepatitis B virus inocula, but they possess 10-100-fold difference in cccDNA amplification in infected cell culture. We demonstrate that the infected cells with higher cccDNA amplification significantly reduce the virus secretion efficiency that results in higher accumulation of relaxed circular DNA (rcDNA) and DHBsAg in the cells. The infected cells with lower cccDNA amplification significantly increase the virus secretion efficiency that leads to lower intracellular rcDNA and DHBsAg accumulation. In contrast with the findings generated in the mutation based experimental system, the regulation of cccDNA amplification in natural hepadnaviral infection bypasses direct regulation of the cellular envelope proteins concentration, instead it modulates virus secretion efficiency that ultimately impacts the intracellular rcDNA concentration, an important factor determining the destination of the synthesized rcDNA in infected cells.
Kaile Zhou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regional energy efficiency evaluation in china a super efficiency slack based measure model with undesirable outputs
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: Ting Yang, Wen Chen, Kaile ZhouAbstract:Abstract With the rapid development of global economy, the demand for energy has increased significantly. Therefore, energy efficiency improvement is essential for global energy and economic transformation. In the Chinese context, study on the energy efficiency of various provinces can contribute to better understand China’s energy utilization status and provide policy implications for improving China’s energy utilization efficiency. In this study, based on the super efficiency slack-based measure model with undesirable outputs, the energy efficiency of China’s 30 provinces in 2013 and 2014 was investigated. Then, the energy efficiency of the eastern, central and western China was compared and further discussed. Finally, according to the results, the relevant policy implications were put forward. The results showed that China’s overall energy efficiency had decreased while taking the undesirable outputs into consideration. In addition, eastern China had the highest energy efficiency and the energy efficiency of western China was relatively low. The energy efficiency gap among China’s provinces was still large. Therefore, it was necessary to improve China’s overall energy efficiency by developing targeted policies considering regional conditions.
Ning Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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measuring sustainability by energy efficiency analysis for korean power companies a sequential slacks based efficiency measure
Sustainability, 2014Co-Authors: Ning ZhangAbstract:Improving energy efficiency has been widely regarded as one of the most cost-effective ways to improve sustainability and mitigate climate change. This paper presents a sequential slack-based efficiency measure (SSBM) application to model total-factor energy efficiency with undesirable outputs. This approach simultaneously takes into account the sequential environmental technology, total input slacks, and undesirable outputs for energy efficiency analysis. We conduct an empirical analysis of energy efficiency incorporating greenhouse gas emissions of Korean power companies during 2007–2011. The results indicate that most of the power companies are not performing at high energy efficiency. Sequential technology has a significant effect on the energy efficiency measurements. Some policy suggestions based on the empirical results are also presented.
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efficiency and abatement costs of energy related co2 emissions in china a slacks based efficiency measure
Applied Energy, 2012Co-Authors: Yongrok Choi, Ning Zhang, Peng ZhouAbstract:This paper uses nonparametric efficiency analysis technique to estimate the energy efficiency, potential emission reductions and marginal abatement costs of energy-related CO2 emissions in China. We employ a non-radial slacks-based data envelopment analysis (DEA) model for estimating the potential reductions and efficiency of CO2 emissions for China. The dual model of the slacks-based DEA model is then used to estimate the marginal abatement costs of CO2 emissions. An empirical study based on China’s panel data (2001–2010) is carried out and some policy implications are also discussed.
Pitulima Janiar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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EVALUASI KEMAMPUAN PRODUKSI ALAT GALI-MUAT DAN ALAT ANGKUT GUNA MENCAPAI TARGET PRODUKSI BATUBARA 180.000 TON BULAN OKTOBER 2015 DI PIT LIMOA TAMBANG AIR LAYA EXTENTIONTIMUR PT BUKIT ASAM (PERSERO)TBK UPTE
Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan Universitas Bangka Belitung, 2020Co-Authors: Inggrid, Maria Jeane, Tono, E.p.s.b Taman, Pitulima JaniarAbstract:Eastern Extension of Pit Air Laya Limoa Mine was one of Air Laya Mine site that has coal miningbusiness license owned by PT Bukit Asam (Persero) Tbk. Excavator and truck method were applied inthat mine site. Mechanical equipments used in this site were 1 unit of Komatsu PC 800 SE Excavatorand 6 units of HINO LM 500 Dump Truck. Coal production target in Eastern Extension of Pit Air LayaLimoa Mine in October 2015 was 180.000 ton, but the production capacity of load haul equipment was157.179,39 ton with the work time efficiency at 14,07 hour/day and load haul equipment productiononly 129.245,20 ton with the work time efficiency at 13,97 hour/day. Therefore, evaluation wasnecessary throughout factors affecting working performance of mechanical equipment to achieve thetarget. Evaluation in achieving the target of coal production was conducted by calculating theproductivity, work efficiency and match factor. The data required to obtain these values includedequipment cycle time, the effective work time effeciency, the amount of bucket loading, density andcoal swell factor. Then the data was processed by using formula of mechanical soil removal andanalyzed based on literature related to the issue. After the evaluation of factors affectingperformance of mechanical equipments then work time effeciency corrected to be 15,61 hours/dayand additional of 6 to 7 unit of conveyance. There were changes in work time effeciency between loadhaul equipments and conveyance from 0,83 to 0,97. Production capabilities generated load haulequipment after being evaluated was 192.291,14 tons and production capabilities of conveyances,after the evaluation amounted to 188.236,03 tons
J Jochum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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soft proton scattering efficiency measurements on x ray mirror shells
Experimental Astronomy, 2015Co-Authors: S Diebold, Chris Tenzer, E Perinati, A Santangelo, M J Freyberg, P Friedrich, J JochumAbstract:In-orbit experience has shown that soft protons are funneled more efficiently through focusing Wolter-type optics of X-ray observatories than simulations predicted. These protons can degrade the performance of solid-state X-ray detectors and contribute to the instrumental background. Since laboratory measurements of the scattering process are rare, an experiment for grazing angles has been set up at the accelerator facility of the University of Tubingen. Systematic measurements at incidence angles ranging from 0.3° to 1.2° with proton energies around 250 keV, 500 keV, and 1 MeV have been carried out. Parts of spare mirror shells of the eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) instrument have been used as scattering targets. This publication comprises a detailed description of the setup, the calibration and normalization methods, and the scattering efficiency and energy loss results. A comparison of the results with a theoretical scattering description and with simulations is included as well.
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soft proton scattering efficiency measurements on x ray mirror shells
arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2015Co-Authors: S Diebold, Chris Tenzer, E Perinati, A Santangelo, M J Freyberg, P Friedrich, J JochumAbstract:In-orbit experience has shown that soft protons are funneled more efficiently through focusing Wolter-type optics of X-ray observatories than simulations predicted. These protons can degrade the performance of solid-state X-ray detectors and contribute to the instrumental background. Since laboratory measurements of the scattering process are rare, an experiment for grazing angles has been set up at the accelerator facility of the University of T\"ubingen. Systematic measurements at incidence angles ranging from 0.3{\deg} to 1.2{\deg} with proton energies around 250 keV, 500 keV, and 1 MeV have been carried out. Parts of spare mirror shells of the eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) instrument have been used as scattering targets. This publication comprises a detailed description of the setup, the calibration and normalization methods, and the scattering efficiency and energy loss results. A comparison of the results with a theoretical scattering description and with simulations is included as well.
