Xylosyltransferase

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Khair Mostafa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Regulation of proteoglycans synthesis and chondrocyte differentiation by interleukin 1ß and Wnt-3a : Key role of Xylosyltransferase I and syndecan 4
    2014
    Co-Authors: Khair Mostafa
    Abstract:

    L'arthrose est caractérisée par une dégénérescence progressive du cartilage articulaire. Elle est caractérisée par l'augmentation des cytokines pro-inflammatoires en particulier l'interleukine-1ß (IL-1ß) qui inhibe la synthèse des protéoglycanes (PGs) et augmente leur dégradation conduisant à l'érosion du cartilage. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires de cette inhibition ne sont pas encore élucidés. Nous avons étudié l'effet de l'IL-1ß sur l'expression du gène de la xylosyltransférase I (XT-I), enzyme qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la régulation de la synthèse des PGs au niveau du cartilage. Nous avons montré que l'IL-1ß est capable de réguler l'expression de la XT-I en deux phases : une phase précoce d'induction et une phase tardive d'inhibition. L'étude de la régulation du promoteur du gène humain de la XT-I par l'IL-1ß a permis de montrer que la phase précoce d'induction est médiée par le facteur AP-1 alors que la phase d'inhibition implique le facteur de transcription Sp3. Nous avons également étudié les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans l'inhibition de l'anabolisme des PGs et de l'induction de la dédifférenciation chondrocytaire par Wnt3a. Nous avons montré que Wnt-3a inhibe l'expression du PG, syndécan 4 dans le cartilage et dans les chondrocytes humain en culture via la voie de signalisation non canonique, ERK1/2. Nous avons montré que l'inhibition de l'expression du collagène II par Wnt-3a est médiée par le syndécan 4 et que ce dernier est essentiel à l'activation des voies non canoniques par Wnt-3a probablement via une interaction avec la protéine régulatrice Dishevelled. Enfin, nous avons montré que les effets délétères de l'IL-1ß sur les PGs et le collagène II sont atténués par Wnt-3a en inhibant l'expression de l'ADMTS4 et de la MMP13Osteoarthritis is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. It is characterized by the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin 1ß (IL- 1ß ) which inhibits the synthesis of proteoglycans (PGs ) and increases their degradation leading to erosion of cartilage. However, the molecular mechanism of this inhibition is not yet elucidated. We studied the effect of IL-1ß on gene expression of the Xylosyltransferase I ( XT- I), an enzyme which plays an essential role in regulating the synthesis of PGs in the cartilage. We showed that IL-1ß regulates the expression of the XT-I gene into two phases: an early phase of induction and a late phase of inhibition. The study of the regulation of the promoter of the human XT-I gene showed that the early induction phase by IL-1ß is mediated by AP-1 while the late inhibition phase involves the Sp3 transcription factor. We also investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of PG anabolism and induction of chondrocyte dedifferentiation by Wnt-3a. We showed that Wnt-3a inhibits expression of the PG syndecan 4 in human cartilage and in cultured chondrocytes via the non-canonical signaling pathway involving the kinase ERK1/2. We also showed that inhibition of the expression of collagen II by Wnt-3a is mediated by syndecan 4, probably via interaction with a regulatory protein Dishevelled and that syndecan 4 is essential for non-canonical Wnt pathway signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that the deleterious effects of IL-1ß on PGs and collagen II are reduced by Wnt-3a by inhibiting the expression of ADMTS4 and MMP1

  • Régulation de la synthèse des protéoglycanes et du phénotype chondrocytaire par l'interleukine 1 et Wnt-3a (rôle clé de la xylosyltransférase I et du syndécan 4)
    2014
    Co-Authors: Khair Mostafa, Ouzzine Mohamed
    Abstract:

    L'arthrose est caractérisée par une dégénérescence progressive du cartilage articulaire. Elle est caractérisée par l'augmentation des cytokines pro-inflammatoires en particulier l'interleukine-1ß (IL-1ß) qui inhibe la synthèse des protéoglycanes (PGs) et augmente leur dégradation conduisant à l'érosion du cartilage. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires de cette inhibition ne sont pas encore élucidés. Nous avons étudié l'effet de l'IL-1ß sur l'expression du gène de la xylosyltransférase I (XT-I), enzyme qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la régulation de la synthèse des PGs au niveau du cartilage. Nous avons montré que l'IL-1ß est capable de réguler l'expression de la XT-I en deux phases : une phase précoce d'induction et une phase tardive d'inhibition. L'étude de la régulation du promoteur du gène humain de la XT-I par l'IL-1ß a permis de montrer que la phase précoce d'induction est médiée par le facteur AP-1 alors que la phase d'inhibition implique le facteur de transcription Sp3. Nous avons également étudié les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans l'inhibition de l'anabolisme des PGs et de l'induction de la dédifférenciation chondrocytaire par Wnt3a. Nous avons montré que Wnt-3a inhibe l'expression du PG, syndécan 4 dans le cartilage et dans les chondrocytes humain en culture via la voie de signalisation non canonique, ERK1/2. Nous avons montré que l'inhibition de l'expression du collagène II par Wnt-3a est médiée par le syndécan 4 et que ce dernier est essentiel à l'activation des voies non canoniques par Wnt-3a probablement via une interaction avec la protéine régulatrice Dishevelled. Enfin, nous avons montré que les effets délétères de l'IL-1ß sur les PGs et le collagène II sont atténués par Wnt-3a en inhibant l'expression de l'ADMTS4 et de la MMP13Osteoarthritis is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. It is characterized by the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin 1ß (IL- 1ß ) which inhibits the synthesis of proteoglycans (PGs ) and increases their degradation leading to erosion of cartilage. However, the molecular mechanism of this inhibition is not yet elucidated. We studied the effect of IL-1ß on gene expression of the Xylosyltransferase I ( XT- I), an enzyme which plays an essential role in regulating the synthesis of PGs in the cartilage. We showed that IL-1ß regulates the expression of the XT-I gene into two phases: an early phase of induction and a late phase of inhibition. The study of the regulation of the promoter of the human XT-I gene showed that the early induction phase by IL-1ß is mediated by AP-1 while the late inhibition phase involves the Sp3 transcription factor. We also investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of PG anabolism and induction of chondrocyte dedifferentiation by Wnt-3a. We showed that Wnt-3a inhibits expression of the PG syndecan 4 in human cartilage and in cultured chondrocytes via the non-canonical signaling pathway involving the kinase ERK1/2. We also showed that inhibition of the expression of collagen II by Wnt-3a is mediated by syndecan 4, probably via interaction with a regulatory protein Dishevelled and that syndecan 4 is essential for non-canonical Wnt pathway signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that the deleterious effects of IL-1ß on PGs and collagen II are reduced by Wnt-3a by inhibiting the expression of ADMTS4 and MMP13NANCY-INPL-Bib. électronique (545479901) / SudocSudocFranceF

  • Régulation de la synthèse des protéoglycanes et du phénotype chondrocytaire par l'interleukine 1 et Wnt-3a : rôle clé de la xylosyltransférase I et du syndécan 4
    HAL CCSD, 2014
    Co-Authors: Khair Mostafa
    Abstract:

    Osteoarthritis is characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage. It is characterized by the increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin 1ß (IL- 1ß ) which inhibits the synthesis of proteoglycans (PGs ) and increases their degradation leading to erosion of cartilage. However, the molecular mechanism of this inhibition is not yet elucidated. We studied the effect of IL-1ß on gene expression of the Xylosyltransferase I ( XT- I), an enzyme which plays an essential role in regulating the synthesis of PGs in the cartilage. We showed that IL-1ß regulates the expression of the XT-I gene into two phases: an early phase of induction and a late phase of inhibition. The study of the regulation of the promoter of the human XT-I gene showed that the early induction phase by IL-1ß is mediated by AP-1 while the late inhibition phase involves the Sp3 transcription factor. We also investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of PG anabolism and induction of chondrocyte dedifferentiation by Wnt-3a. We showed that Wnt-3a inhibits expression of the PG syndecan 4 in human cartilage and in cultured chondrocytes via the non-canonical signaling pathway involving the kinase ERK1/2. We also showed that inhibition of the expression of collagen II by Wnt-3a is mediated by syndecan 4, probably via interaction with a regulatory protein Dishevelled and that syndecan 4 is essential for non-canonical Wnt pathway signaling. Finally, we demonstrated that the deleterious effects of IL-1ß on PGs and collagen II are reduced by Wnt-3a by inhibiting the expression of ADMTS4 and MMP13L'arthrose est caractérisée par une dégénérescence progressive du cartilage articulaire. Elle est caractérisée par l'augmentation des cytokines pro-inflammatoires en particulier l'interleukine-1ß (IL-1ß) qui inhibe la synthèse des protéoglycanes (PGs) et augmente leur dégradation conduisant à l'érosion du cartilage. Cependant, les mécanismes moléculaires de cette inhibition ne sont pas encore élucidés. Nous avons étudié l'effet de l'IL-1ß sur l'expression du gène de la xylosyltransférase I (XT-I), enzyme qui joue un rôle essentiel dans la régulation de la synthèse des PGs au niveau du cartilage. Nous avons montré que l'IL-1ß est capable de réguler l'expression de la XT-I en deux phases : une phase précoce d'induction et une phase tardive d'inhibition. L'étude de la régulation du promoteur du gène humain de la XT-I par l'IL-1ß a permis de montrer que la phase précoce d'induction est médiée par le facteur AP-1 alors que la phase d'inhibition implique le facteur de transcription Sp3. Nous avons également étudié les mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans l'inhibition de l'anabolisme des PGs et de l'induction de la dédifférenciation chondrocytaire par Wnt3a. Nous avons montré que Wnt-3a inhibe l'expression du PG, syndécan 4 dans le cartilage et dans les chondrocytes humain en culture via la voie de signalisation non canonique, ERK1/2. Nous avons montré que l'inhibition de l'expression du collagène II par Wnt-3a est médiée par le syndécan 4 et que ce dernier est essentiel à l'activation des voies non canoniques par Wnt-3a probablement via une interaction avec la protéine régulatrice Dishevelled. Enfin, nous avons montré que les effets délétères de l'IL-1ß sur les PGs et le collagène II sont atténués par Wnt-3a en inhibant l'expression de l'ADMTS4 et de la MMP1

Fumio Takaiwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 2012, Development of an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting system for rice and analysis of rice knockouts lacking granule-bound starch synthase (Waxy) and beta1,2-Xylosyltransferase
    2016
    Co-Authors: Kenjirou Ozawa, Yuhya Wakasa, Yuko Ogo, Kouki Matsuo, Hiroyuki Kawahigashi, Fumio Takaiwa
    Abstract:

    We have developed a high-frequency method for Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting by combining an efficient transformation system using rice suspension-cultured calli and a positive/negative selection system. Compared with the conventional transformation system using calli on solid medium, transformation using suspension-cultured calli resulted in a 5- to 10-fold increase in the number of resistant calli per weight of starting ma-terial after positive/negative selection. Homologous recom-bination occurred in about 1.5 % of the positive/negative selected calli. To evaluate the efficacy of our method, we show in this report that knockout rice plants containing either a disrupted Waxy (granule-bound starch synthase) or a disrupted Xyl (b1,2-Xylosyltransferase) gene can be easily obtained by homologous recombination. Study of gene function using homologous recombination in higher plants can now be considered routine work as a direct result of this technical advance

  • development of an efficient agrobacterium mediated gene targeting system for rice and analysis of rice knockouts lacking granule bound starch synthase waxy and β1 2 Xylosyltransferase
    Plant and Cell Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kenjirou Ozawa, Yuhya Wakasa, Yuko Ogo, Kouki Matsuo, Hiroyuki Kawahigashi, Fumio Takaiwa
    Abstract:

    We have developed a high-frequency method for Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting by combining an efficient transformation system using rice suspension-cultured calli and a positive/negative selection system. Compared with the conventional transformation system using calli on solid medium, transformation using suspension-cultured calli resulted in a 5- to 10-fold increase in the number of resistant calli per weight of starting material after positive/negative selection. Homologous recombination occurred in about 1.5% of the positive/negative selected calli. To evaluate the efficacy of our method, we show in this report that knockout rice plants containing either a disrupted Waxy (granule-bound starch synthase) or a disrupted Xyl (β1,2-Xylosyltransferase) gene can be easily obtained by homologous recombination. Study of gene function using homologous recombination in higher plants can now be considered routine work as a direct result of this technical advance.

Dirk Bosch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an antibody produced in tobacco expressing a hybrid β 1 4 galactosyltransferase is essentially devoid of plant carbohydrate epitopes
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006
    Co-Authors: Hans Bakker, Gerard J A Rouwendal, Anton S Karnoup, Dion E A Florack, Geert Stoopen, Johannes P F G Helsper, Ronald Van Ree, Irma Van Die, Dirk Bosch
    Abstract:

    N-glycosylation of a mAb may have a major impact on its therapeutic merits. Here, we demonstrate that expression of a hybrid enzyme (called xylGalT), consisting of the N-terminal domain of Arabidopsis thaliana Xylosyltransferase and the catalytic domain of human β-1,4-galactosyltransferase I (GalT), in tobacco causes a sharp reduction of N-glycans with potentially immunogenic core-bound xylose (Xyl) and fucose (Fuc) residues as shown by Western blot and MALDI-TOF MS analysis. A radioallergosorbent test inhibition assay with proteins purified from leaves of WT and these transgenic tobacco plants using sera from allergic patients suggests a significant reduction of potential immunogenicity of xylGalT proteins. A mAb purified from leaves of plants expressing xylGalT displayed an N-glycan profile that featured high levels of galactose, undetectable xylose, and a trace of fucose. Hence, a transgenic plant expressing the hybrid GalT might yield more effective and safer monoclonals for therapeutic purposes than WT plants and even transgenic plants expressing the unchanged GalT.

Mohan Srinivasan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • glycan optimization of a human monoclonal antibody in the aquatic plant lemna minor
    Nature Biotechnology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Kevin M Cox, Jason D Sterling, Jeffrey T Regan, John R Gasdaska, Karen K Frantz, Charles G Peele, Amelia Nancy Black, David Passmore, Cristina Moldovanloomis, Mohan Srinivasan
    Abstract:

    N-glycosylation is critical to the function of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and distinguishes various systems used for their production. We expressed human mAbs in the small aquatic plant Lemna minor, which offers several advantages for manufacturing therapeutic proteins free of zoonotic pathogens1. Glycosylation of a mAb against human CD30 was optimized by co-expressing the heavy and light chains of the mAb with an RNA interference construct targeting expression of the endogenous α-1,3-fucosyltransferase and β-1,2-Xylosyltransferase genes. The resultant mAbs contained a single major N-glycan species without detectable plant-specific N-glycans and had better antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and effector cell receptor binding activities than mAbs expressed in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.

  • glycan optimization of a human monoclonal antibody in the aquatic plant lemna minor
    Nature Biotechnology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Kevin M Cox, Jason D Sterling, Jeffrey T Regan, John R Gasdaska, Karen K Frantz, Charles G Peele, David Passmore, Cristina Moldovanloomis, Amelia Black, Mohan Srinivasan
    Abstract:

    N-glycosylation is critical to the function of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and distinguishes various systems used for their production. We expressed human mAbs in the small aquatic plant Lemna minor, which offers several advantages for manufacturing therapeutic proteins free of zoonotic pathogens. Glycosylation of a mAb against human CD30 was optimized by co-expressing the heavy and light chains of the mAb with an RNA interference construct targeting expression of the endogenous alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase and beta-1,2-Xylosyltransferase genes. The resultant mAbs contained a single major N-glycan species without detectable plant-specific N-glycans and had better antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and effector cell receptor binding activities than mAbs expressed in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.

Kenjirou Ozawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • 2012, Development of an efficient Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting system for rice and analysis of rice knockouts lacking granule-bound starch synthase (Waxy) and beta1,2-Xylosyltransferase
    2016
    Co-Authors: Kenjirou Ozawa, Yuhya Wakasa, Yuko Ogo, Kouki Matsuo, Hiroyuki Kawahigashi, Fumio Takaiwa
    Abstract:

    We have developed a high-frequency method for Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting by combining an efficient transformation system using rice suspension-cultured calli and a positive/negative selection system. Compared with the conventional transformation system using calli on solid medium, transformation using suspension-cultured calli resulted in a 5- to 10-fold increase in the number of resistant calli per weight of starting ma-terial after positive/negative selection. Homologous recom-bination occurred in about 1.5 % of the positive/negative selected calli. To evaluate the efficacy of our method, we show in this report that knockout rice plants containing either a disrupted Waxy (granule-bound starch synthase) or a disrupted Xyl (b1,2-Xylosyltransferase) gene can be easily obtained by homologous recombination. Study of gene function using homologous recombination in higher plants can now be considered routine work as a direct result of this technical advance

  • development of an efficient agrobacterium mediated gene targeting system for rice and analysis of rice knockouts lacking granule bound starch synthase waxy and β1 2 Xylosyltransferase
    Plant and Cell Physiology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Kenjirou Ozawa, Yuhya Wakasa, Yuko Ogo, Kouki Matsuo, Hiroyuki Kawahigashi, Fumio Takaiwa
    Abstract:

    We have developed a high-frequency method for Agrobacterium-mediated gene targeting by combining an efficient transformation system using rice suspension-cultured calli and a positive/negative selection system. Compared with the conventional transformation system using calli on solid medium, transformation using suspension-cultured calli resulted in a 5- to 10-fold increase in the number of resistant calli per weight of starting material after positive/negative selection. Homologous recombination occurred in about 1.5% of the positive/negative selected calli. To evaluate the efficacy of our method, we show in this report that knockout rice plants containing either a disrupted Waxy (granule-bound starch synthase) or a disrupted Xyl (β1,2-Xylosyltransferase) gene can be easily obtained by homologous recombination. Study of gene function using homologous recombination in higher plants can now be considered routine work as a direct result of this technical advance.