The Experts below are selected from a list of 738 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Craig Levy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Avian Hosts of West Nile Virus in Arizona
The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2013Co-Authors: Nicholas Komar, Nicholas A. Panella, Ginger Young, Aaron C. Brault, Craig LevyAbstract:West Nile virus (WNV) causes sporadic outbreaks of human encephalitis in Phoenix, Arizona. To identify amplifying hosts of WNV in the Phoenix area, we blood-sampled resident birds and measured antibody prevalence following an outbreak in the East Valley of metropolitan Phoenix during summer, 2010. House sparrow (Passer domesticus), house finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus), and mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) accounted for most WNV infections among locally resident birds. These species roost communally after early summer breeding. In September 2010, Culex vector-avian host contact was 3-fold greater at communal bird roosts compared with control sites, as determined by densities of resting mosquitoes with previous vertebrate contact (i.e., blood-engorged or gravid mosquitoes). Because of the low competence of mourning doves, these were consid- ered weak amplifiers but potentially effective free-ranging sentinels. Highly competent sparrows, finches, and grackles were predicted to be key amplifying hosts for WNV in suburban Phoenix.
Millicent Eidson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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VecTest as diagnostic and surveillance tool for West Nile virus in dead birds.
Emerging infectious diseases, 2004Co-Authors: Ward B. Stone, Joseph C. Okoniewski, Joseph E. Therrien, Laura D. Kramer, Elizabeth B. Kauffman, Millicent EidsonAbstract:The VecTest antigen-capture assay for West Nile virus was performed on oral and tissue swabs from dead birds in New York State from April 2003 through July 2004. Results were compared with those from real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction of kidney or brain. Oral VecTest sensitivity is adequate for surveillance in American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) (87%), Blue Jays (Cyanocitta cristata) (80%), and House Sparrows (Passer domesticus) (76%). Oral VecTest performed well for small samples of American Kestrels (Falco sparverius), Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis), Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and House Finches (Carpodacus mexicanus). Poor sensitivity occurred in most raptors, Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura), Fish Crows (Corvus ossifragus), and American Robins (Turdus migratorius). Specificity was excellent (98%), except for false-positive results that occurred mostly in Gray Catbirds (Dumatella carolinensis), Green Herons (Butorides virescens), and tests of blood and tissues. Feather pulp and kidney may be useful for VecTest assays in corvids.
Ronald V Harms - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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BLOOD GAS, LACTATE, AND HEMATOLOGY EFFECTS OF VENIPUNCTURE TIMING AND LOCATION AFTER MIST-NET CAPTURE OF MOURNING DOVES (Zenaida macroura), BOAT-TAILED GRACKLES (QUISCALUS MAJOR), AND HOUSE SPARROWS (PASSER DOMESTICUS)
Journal of wildlife diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Craig A Harms, Maggie R. Jinks, Ronald V HarmsAbstract:Abstract Venous blood gas partial pressures, pH, bicarbonate and lactate concentrations, packed cell volume, white blood cell differential counts, and heterophil/lymphocyte ratios were measured from Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura), Boat-tailed Grackles (Quiscalus major), and House Sparrows (Passer domesticus). Birds were bled promptly after mist-net capture and banding or following a targeted delay of 45–60 min, in order to assess the impacts of a brief holding period commonly practiced in large-scale bird banding operations. Additionally, effects of venipuncture location (basilic [=ulnar] vein versus jugular vein) were evaluated in male Boat-tailed Grackles sampled promptly after capture and banding. All comparisons were with unpaired samples; no birds were subjected to more than one venipuncture. All three species exhibited moderate improvements in blood gas and acid-base status after the delay, with reductions in lactate concentrations with or without concurrent increases in pH and bicarbonate. Boat-...
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venous blood gas and lactate values of mourning doves Zenaida macroura boat tailed grackles quiscalus major and house sparrows passer domesticus after capture by mist net banding and venipuncture
Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Craig A Harms, Ronald V HarmsAbstract:Abstract: Blood gas partial pressures, pH, and bicarbonate and lactate concentrations were measured from the basilic vein of mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) and the jugular vein of boat-tailed grackles (Quiscalus major) and house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to assess immediate impacts of mist net capture and handling for banding and venipuncture. Mourning doves and house sparrows exhibited mild acidemia (median [minimum–maximum] venous blood pH41°C = 7.394 [7.230–7.496] and 7.395 [7.248–7.458], respectively), relative to boat-tailed grackles (Quiscalus major; 7.452 [7.364–7.512]), but for different reasons. Mourning doves exhibited relative metabolic acidosis (lower venous blood pH, higher lactate concentrations, lower bicarbonate, and no significant differences in partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) or partial pressure of O2 (pO2) compared with boat-tailed grackles). House sparrows exhibited relative respiratory acidosis (lower venous blood pH, higher pCO2, lower pO2, and no significant differences in bic...
Edward D Walker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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culex pipiens diptera culicidae a bridge vector of west nile virus to humans
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2008Co-Authors: Gabriel L Hamer, Uriel Kitron, Jeffrey D Brawn, Scott R Loss, Marilyn O Ruiz, Tony L Goldberg, Edward D WalkerAbstract:Host-feeding patterns of Culex pipiens L. collected in southwest suburban Chicago in 2005 were studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing techniques. Culex spp. mosquitoes, most identiÞed to Cx. pipiens and the remainder to Cx. restuans by PCR, had fed on 18 avian species, most commonly American robin (Turdus migratorious), house sparrow (Passer domesticus), and mourning dove (Zenaida macroura). Additional blood meals were derived from four mammal species, primarily humans and raccoons (Procyon lotor). During a West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in 2005, West Nile virus (WNV) RNA was detected in heads and thoraces of Þve Cx. pipiens (n 335, 1.5%) using quantitative PCR. The hosts of these virus-infected, blood-fed mosquitoes included two American robins, one house sparrow, and one human. This is the Þrst report of a WNV-infected Cx. pipiens mosquito collected during an epidemic of WNV that was found to have bitten a human. These results fulÞll a criterion for incrimination of Cx. pipiens as a bridge vector.
Joshua J. Millspaugh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Revisiting Effects of Hunting on Mourning Dove Nest Survival
Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, 2019Co-Authors: John H. Schulz, Xiaoming Gao, Peng Shao, Joshua J. MillspaughAbstract:Abstract We reconstructed a historical dataset from a national mourning dove Zenaida macroura nesting study evaluating the effects of hunting on nesting birds during the September portion of the hu...
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Reanalysis of Historical Mourning Dove Nest Data by Using a Bayesian Approach
Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management, 2016Co-Authors: John C. Snyder, John H. Schulz, Xiaoming Gao, Joshua J. MillspaughAbstract:Abstract We reconstructed a historical mourning dove Zenaida macroura nesting dataset to estimate nest survival and investigate the effect of covariates by using a Bayesian hierarchical model. Duri...
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experimental lead pellet ingestion in mourning doves Zenaida macroura
American Midland Naturalist, 2007Co-Authors: John H. Schulz, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Xiaoming Gao, A. J. BermudezAbstract:ABSTRACT Because the relationship between lead pellet availability and ingestion by mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) remains uncertain, we conducted an experiment to determine if doves held in captivity freely ingest lead shotgun pellets, investigate the relationship between pellet density and ingestion and monitor physiological impacts of doves ingesting pellets. We conducted two trials of the experiment with <60 doves per trial. We randomly assigned 10 doves to one of six groups per trial; 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 pellets mixed with food and a control group with no pellets. We monitored ingestion by examining x-rays of doves 1-d post-treatment and monitored the effects of lead ingestion by measuring heterophil∶lymphocyte (H∶L) ratios, packed-cell volume (PCV), blood lead, liver lead and kidney lead. Pooled data from both trials showed 6 of 117 (5.1%) doves ingested lead pellets. Two mourning doves ingested multiple lead pellets in each of the treatments containing a mixture of 25, 100 and 200 lead pellets ...
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USING A COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY TO QUANTIFY TESTOSTERONE IN AVIAN PLASMA
The Condor, 2007Co-Authors: Brian E. Washburn, Dana L. Morris, John H. Schulz, Joshua J. Millspaugh, John FaaborgAbstract:Abstract ABSTRACT Using a commercially available testosterone enzyme immunoassay (EIA), we developed and validated an assay procedure for determining testosterone levels in small-volume (20 µL) avian plasma samples. We evaluated this EIA's utility by measuring plasma testosterone levels in Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura), White-eyed Vireos (Vireo griseus), Red-eyed Vireos (Vireo olivaceus), and Indigo Buntings (Passerina cyanea). Standard biochemical validations (e.g., parallelism, recovery of exogenous testosterone) demonstrated that the assay accurately and precisely measured testosterone in avian plasma. We compared plasma testosterone levels in males and females of all four species and Indigo Buntings in various reproductive stages to physiologically validate the assay's ability to determine biologically important changes in testosterone levels. Plasma testosterone levels were higher in males compared to females in three of four species. Prebreeding and breeding male Indigo Buntings had higher circu...
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Experimental Lead Pellet Ingestion In Mourning Doves (Zenaida macroura)
The American Midland Naturalist, 2007Co-Authors: John H. Schulz, Joshua J. Millspaugh, Xiaoming Gao, A. J. BermudezAbstract:ABSTRACT Because the relationship between lead pellet availability and ingestion by mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) remains uncertain, we conducted an experiment to determine if doves held in captivity freely ingest lead shotgun pellets, investigate the relationship between pellet density and ingestion and monitor physiological impacts of doves ingesting pellets. We conducted two trials of the experiment with