Zinc Compounds

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Henry F Schaefer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dinuclear versus Mononuclear Zinc Compounds from Reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-Diimine Ligands): Effects of the Ligand Substituent, Reducing Agent, and Solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

  • dinuclear versus mononuclear Zinc Compounds from reduction of lzncl2 l α diimine ligands effects of the ligand substituent reducing agent and solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

Xiao-juan Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Zinc Compounds with or without Zn–Zn bond: Alkali metal reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-diimine ligands)
    Dalton transactions (Cambridge England : 2003), 2009
    Co-Authors: Peiju Yang, Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Chunxi Zhang, Yu-heng Deng
    Abstract:

    A series of mononuclear and dinuclear Zinc Compounds, [Na(Et2O)]2[(HLiPr)Zn–Zn(HLiPr)]·Et2O (1), [Zn2(HLiPr)3K2(Et2O)2]n (2, HLiPr = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NCH]2), [Zn(HLMes)2] (4, HLMes = [(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)NCH]2), and [ZnLMes2Na2(THF)2] (5, LMes = [(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)NC(Me)]2), and a potassium complex, [(HLiPr)2K4(THF)2]n (3), have been synthesized by alkali metal reduction of the corresponding LZnCl2 precursors. The Zn–Zn bond in 1 (2.3673(6) A) is slightly shorter than that in the analogous Compounds [M(THF)2]2[LiPrZn–ZnLiPr] (LiPr = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)]2, M = Na, 2.399(1) A; M = K, 2.393(1) A). Complexes 2 and 3 feature a two- and one-dimensional (linear chain) polymeric structure, respectively, linked by K–C bonds between the potassium ion and aryl carbon atoms. Notably, complex 2 contains a ligand whose central C2N2 core is in the trans conformation, acting as a non-chelating bridge between the two Zinc atoms. While the ligands in 1, 2, 3 and 5 are doubly reduced to the dianion, complex 4 contains a pair of monoanionic ligands.

  • Dinuclear versus Mononuclear Zinc Compounds from Reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-Diimine Ligands): Effects of the Ligand Substituent, Reducing Agent, and Solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

  • dinuclear versus mononuclear Zinc Compounds from reduction of lzncl2 l α diimine ligands effects of the ligand substituent reducing agent and solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

Yaoming Xie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Dinuclear versus Mononuclear Zinc Compounds from Reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-Diimine Ligands): Effects of the Ligand Substituent, Reducing Agent, and Solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

  • dinuclear versus mononuclear Zinc Compounds from reduction of lzncl2 l α diimine ligands effects of the ligand substituent reducing agent and solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

Yanyan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Zinc Compounds with or without Zn–Zn bond: Alkali metal reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-diimine ligands)
    Dalton transactions (Cambridge England : 2003), 2009
    Co-Authors: Peiju Yang, Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Chunxi Zhang, Yu-heng Deng
    Abstract:

    A series of mononuclear and dinuclear Zinc Compounds, [Na(Et2O)]2[(HLiPr)Zn–Zn(HLiPr)]·Et2O (1), [Zn2(HLiPr)3K2(Et2O)2]n (2, HLiPr = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NCH]2), [Zn(HLMes)2] (4, HLMes = [(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)NCH]2), and [ZnLMes2Na2(THF)2] (5, LMes = [(2,4,6-Me3C6H2)NC(Me)]2), and a potassium complex, [(HLiPr)2K4(THF)2]n (3), have been synthesized by alkali metal reduction of the corresponding LZnCl2 precursors. The Zn–Zn bond in 1 (2.3673(6) A) is slightly shorter than that in the analogous Compounds [M(THF)2]2[LiPrZn–ZnLiPr] (LiPr = [(2,6-iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)]2, M = Na, 2.399(1) A; M = K, 2.393(1) A). Complexes 2 and 3 feature a two- and one-dimensional (linear chain) polymeric structure, respectively, linked by K–C bonds between the potassium ion and aryl carbon atoms. Notably, complex 2 contains a ligand whose central C2N2 core is in the trans conformation, acting as a non-chelating bridge between the two Zinc atoms. While the ligands in 1, 2, 3 and 5 are doubly reduced to the dianion, complex 4 contains a pair of monoanionic ligands.

  • Dinuclear versus Mononuclear Zinc Compounds from Reduction of LZnCl2 (L = α-Diimine Ligands): Effects of the Ligand Substituent, Reducing Agent, and Solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

  • dinuclear versus mononuclear Zinc Compounds from reduction of lzncl2 l α diimine ligands effects of the ligand substituent reducing agent and solvent
    Organometallics, 2008
    Co-Authors: Xiao-juan Yang, Yanyan Liu, Yaoming Xie, Henry F Schaefer
    Abstract:

    A Zn−Zn-bonded compound, [K(THF)2]2[(LiPr)Zn−Zn(LiPr)] (2) and three mononuclear Zinc Compounds, [Zn(LMe)2Na2(Et2O)2] (3), [Zn(LEt)2Na2(THF)2] (4), and [Zn(LEt)2K2]n (5), with N-aryl substituted α-diimine ligands LiPr, LMe, and LEt (L = [(2,6-R2C6H3)N(Me)C]2, R = iPr, Me, Et, respectively) have been synthesized from the reduction of the LZnCl2 precursors by the alkali metal Na or K. X-ray structural analyses show that the Compounds have a [Zn2L2]2− (2) or [ZnL2]2− (3−5) core incorporating Na+ or K+ ions solvated by THF or Et2O molecules, except for 5, which displays a 2D polymeric structure formed by intermolecular K−C bonds due to the lack of K−solvent interactions. In compound 2, the formal Zn2+ ion in the precursor is reduced to Zn+, while in 3−5 it remains unreduced. The neutral ligands in the precursor, however, are doubly reduced to a dianion, L2−, in all Compounds, as evidenced by the bond lengths of the N–C═C–N moiety of the ligands. Effects of the ligand substituent, reducing agent, and solvent o...

Masayoshi Yamaguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characterization of Zinc effect to inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture: interaction with dexamethasone.
    Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 1997
    Co-Authors: Seiko Kishi, Masayoshi Yamaguchi
    Abstract:

    The inhibitory effect of Zinc Compounds on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture in vitro was characterized. The bone marrow cells were cultured for 7 days in α-minimal essential medium containing a well-known bone resorbing agent, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Osteoclast-like cell formation was estimated by staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), a marker enzyme of osteoclasts. The presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 (10-8 M) or PGE2 (10-6 M) induced a remarkable increase in osteoclast-like multinucleated cells. These increases were enhanced by the presence of dexamethasone (10-9 to 10-6 M). The dexamethasone (10-7 M)-enhanced osteoclast-like cell formation was not inhibited by the presence of Zinc sulfate (10-6 M) or Zinc-chelating dipeptide (β-alanyl-L-histidinato Zinc; 10-6 M), although the Zinc Compounds had an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic formation in the absence of the steroid. The effect of dexamethasone was not seen, when the steroid was added at the later stage of culture with bone-resorbing agents. In this case, the inhibitory effect of Zinc Compounds was clearly revealed. This effect of Zinc Compounds disappeared in the presence of Ca2+-chelating agent (0.5 mM EGTA). The present study suggests that Zinc Compounds have an inhibitory effect at the stage of differentiation of preosteoclastic cells in bone marrow cell culture system. (Mol Cell Biochem 166: 145-151, 1997)

  • Characterization of Zinc effect to inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture: interaction with dexamethasone.
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 1997
    Co-Authors: Seiko Kishi, Masayoshi Yamaguchi
    Abstract:

    The inhibitory effect of Zinc Compounds on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture in vitro was characterized. The bone marrow cells were cultured for 7 days in alpha-minimal essential medium containing a well-known bone resorbing agent, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3] or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Osteoclast-like cell formation was estimated by staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), a marker enzyme of osteoclasts. The presence of 1,25(OH)2D3 (10(-8) M) or PGE2 (10(-6) M) induced a remarkable increase in osteoclast-like multinucleated cells. These increases were enhanced by the presence of dexamethasone (10(-9) to 10(-6) M). The dexamethasone (10(-7) M)-enhanced osteoclast-like cell formation was not inhibited by the presence of Zinc sulfate (10(-6) M) or Zinc-chelating dipeptide (beta-alanyl-L-histidinato Zinc; 10(-6) M), although the Zinc Compounds had an inhibitory effect on osteoclastic formation in the absence of the steroid. The effect of dexamethasone was not seen, when the steroid was added at the later stage of culture with bone-resorbing agents. In this case, the inhibitory effect of Zinc Compounds was clearly revealed. This effect of Zinc Compounds disappeared in the presence of Ca2+-chelating agent (0.5 mM EGTA). The present study suggests that Zinc Compounds have an inhibitory effect at the stage of differentiation of preosteoclastic cells in bone marrow cell culture system.

  • Zinc Compounds inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation at the earlier stage of rat marrow culture but not osteoclast function
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 1996
    Co-Authors: Masayoshi Yamaguchi, Seiko Kishi
    Abstract:

    The effect of Zinc Compounds on osteoclast-like cell formation in rat marrow culture in vitro was investigated. The bone marrow cells were cultured for 7 days in α-minimal essential medium containing a well-known bone resorbing hormone (1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and parathyroid hormone [1–34]). Osteoclast-like cell formation was estimated by staining for tartrateresistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), a marker enzyme of osteoclasts. The presence of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (10−8 M) or parathyroid hormone (PTH; 10−8 M) induced a remarkable increase in osteoclast-like multinucleated cells (MNC). These increases were clearly inhibited by the presence of Zinc sulfate or Zinc-chelating dipeptide (β-alanyl-L-histidinato Zinc; AHZ) in the concentration range of 10−7 to 10−5 M. The inhibitory effect was seen at the earlier stage of osteoclast-like MNC formation. However, Zinc Compounds (10−6 M) did not have an effect on PTH (10−8 M)-induced osteoclast-like cell formation in the presence of EGTA (5 × 10−4 M), dibucaine (10−5 M) or staurosporine (10−9 M). Moreover, when osteoclasts isolated from rat femoraldiaphyseal tissues were cultured for 24 h in the presence of Zinc Compounds (10−7 to 10−5 M), the Compounds did not have an effect on cell numbers or lysosomal enzymes activity (acid phosphatase and β-glucuronidase) in the cells. The present study clearly demonstrates that Zinc Compounds inhibit osteoclast-like cell formation at the earlier stage with differentiation of marrow cells.

  • Stimulatory effect of Zinc-chelating dipeptide on deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.
    Peptides, 1996
    Co-Authors: Masayoshi Yamaguchi, Tomohiro Matsui
    Abstract:

    Abstract YAMAGUCHI, M. AND T. MATSUI. Stimulatory effect of Zinc-chelating dipeptide on deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. PEPTIDES 17(7) 1207–1211, 1996.—Whether deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells is stimulated by Zinc, an activator of bone formation, was investigated in vitro. After subculture for 3 days, the cells were cultured for up to 3 days (72 h) with Zinc sulfate or Zinc-chelated dipeptide (β-alanyl- l -histidinato Zinc; AHZ) in the range of 10−7 to 10−5M. The culture with Zinc Compounds (10−5M) produced a significant increase of cell number, DNA content, and protein concentration in the cells, as reported previously. The culture with Zinc Compounds (10−6 and 10−5M) clearly stimulated DNA synthesis in the homogenate, when it was estimated by the incorporation of [3H] deoxythymidine 5′-triphosphate into the DNA in the homogenate of cells. The AHZ effect was greater than that of Zinc sulfate. The culture together with cycloheximide (19−6M) completely abolished the Zinc Compounds (10−5M)-induced increase of DNA synthesis in the cells, suggesting that the Zinc compound effect is based on a newly synthesized protein component. Moreover, when Zinc sulfate (10−7 and 10−6M) or AHZ (10−8 to 10−5M) was added into the reaction mixture with the homogenate of cells cultured without Zinc Compounds, the DNA synthesis was clearly increased. The effect of addition of Zinc Compounds (10−6M) on the DNA synthesis was completely inhibited by the presence of staurosporine (10−8M), an inhibitor of protein kinase C, or okadaic acid (10−7M), an inhibitor of protein phosphatase. The present study demonstrates that Zinc Compounds have a stimulatory effect on DNA synthesis in osteoblastic cells. Copyright © 1996 Elsevier Science Inc.

  • Inhibitory effect of Zinc Compounds on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow cultures
    Biochemical pharmacology, 1994
    Co-Authors: Seiko Kishi, Masayoshi Yamaguchi
    Abstract:

    Abstract The effect of Zinc Compounds on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture in vitro was investigated. The bone marrow cells were cultured for 7 days in α-minimal essential medium containing a well-known bone resorbing agent [1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 , parathyroid hormone (1–34), interleukin-1α or prostaglandin E 2 ]. Osteoclast-like cell formation was estimated by staining for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP), a marker enzyme of osteoclasts. The presence of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 (10 −8 M), parathyroid hormone (10 −8 M), interleukin-1α- (50U/mL) or prostaglandin E 2 (10 −6 M) induced a remarkable increase in osteoclast-like multinucleated cells. These increases were inhibited by the presence of Zinc sulfate or Zinc-chelating dipeptide (β-alanyl- l -histidinato Zinc; AHZ) in the concentration range of 10 −8 to 10 −5 M. The inhibitory effect of AHZ (10 −8 and 10 −7 M) was more intensive than that of Zinc sulfate. Furthermore, the presence of Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Mn 2+ or Co 2+ (10 −7 and 10 −6 M) did not have an effect on parathyroid hormone (10 −8 M)-induced osteoclast-like cell formation. The present study clearly demonstrates that Zinc Compounds have a potent inhibitory effect on osteoclast-like cell formation in mouse marrow culture.