The Experts below are selected from a list of 705 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James E. Zins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship of the Zygomatic facial Nerve to the retaining ligaments of the face the sub smas danger zone
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Mohammed S Alghoul, James E. Zins, Ozan Bitik, Jennifer M McbrideAbstract:Background:The transition zone between cheek superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and malar SMAS is difficult to raise because of proximity of Zygomatic Nerve branches. The authors attempted to clarify the three-dimensional anatomy of the retaining ligaments in relation to Nerve branches in
Craig Evinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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botulinum toxin paralysis of the orbicularis oculi muscle types and time course of alterations in muscle structure physiology and lid kinematics
Experimental Brain Research, 1993Co-Authors: Anja K E Horn, John D Porter, Craig EvingerAbstract:In chronically prepared guinea pigs, we investigated the time course of botulinum toxin A's (Bot A) effect on the blink reflex by monitoring lid movements and EMG activity prior to and after Bot A injection into the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOemg), or after Nerve crush of the Zygomatic Nerve. We correlated these alterations with the morphological changes of the orbicularis oculi (lid-closing) muscles of the same animals. After Bot A treatment there was a profound reduction of OOemg activity and blink amplitudes as well as a slowing of maximum blink down-phase velocity. Blink up-phases, however, remained unchanged. Gradual recovery of OOemg magnitude and blink amplitude started around day 6; a functioning blink reflex appeared on day 21, and full recovery of blink amplitude occurred by day 42. Crushing the Zygomatic branch of the facial Nerve produced similar changes in blink parameters, but recovery was much more rapid (15 days) than for Bot A-treated guinea pigs. The morphological analysis demonstrated that Bot A produced a denervation-like atrophy in the orbicularis oculi. No fiber type-specific alterations were noted, and all muscle fiber types ultimately recovered, with no long-standing consequences of the transient denervation. Our findings support the notion that functional recovery was the result of preterminal and terminal axonal sprouting that subsequently re-establishes functional innervation. Moreover, differences between the present findings and those seen after injection of Bot A into the extraocular muscles strongly support the hypothesis that the composition in terms of muscle fiber type and the properties of the motor control system of a given muscle greatly influence both how the particular muscle responds to toxin injection, and how effective the toxin is in resolution of neuromuscular disorders that affect a particular muscle. The present findings were consistent with clinical observations that Bot A produces only temporary relief in patients with essential blepharospasm. It is likely that the efficacy of Bot A in treatment of blepharospasm could be improved by using agents that suppress terminal sprouting. The close correspondence of the changes in blink physiology between human patients and guinea pigs after Bot A treatment demonstrate that the guinea pig is an excellent model system for testing strategies to prolong the beneficial effects of Bot A treatment in relieving lid spasms in human subjects.
Jennifer M Mcbride - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship of the Zygomatic facial Nerve to the retaining ligaments of the face the sub smas danger zone
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Mohammed S Alghoul, James E. Zins, Ozan Bitik, Jennifer M McbrideAbstract:Background:The transition zone between cheek superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and malar SMAS is difficult to raise because of proximity of Zygomatic Nerve branches. The authors attempted to clarify the three-dimensional anatomy of the retaining ligaments in relation to Nerve branches in
Ozan Bitik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relationship of the Zygomatic facial Nerve to the retaining ligaments of the face the sub smas danger zone
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Mohammed S Alghoul, James E. Zins, Ozan Bitik, Jennifer M McbrideAbstract:Background:The transition zone between cheek superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) and malar SMAS is difficult to raise because of proximity of Zygomatic Nerve branches. The authors attempted to clarify the three-dimensional anatomy of the retaining ligaments in relation to Nerve branches in
William Wei-kai Lao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Preserving Orbicularis Branches of the Zygomatic Nerve with the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle—Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Flap Complex in Facelift Surgery
Wolters Kluwer, 2018Co-Authors: Min-hee Ryu, David Kahng, Lee Seng Khoo, William Wei-kai LaoAbstract:Summary:. The orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) is sometimes incorporated with the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) flap to provide a stronger flap. While elevating the OOM flap, it is important to avoid injury to the orbicularis branches of the Zygomatic Nerve. When the orbicularis branches of the Zygomatic Nerve are identified during the OOM-SMAS flap elevation, a transverse OOM flap was created to preserve the Nerve. Postoperative follow-up was 12 months. There was no functional impairment of the OOM in the follow-up period. There are anatomical variations of the orbicularis branches of the Zygomatic Nerve. When it is identified, a transverse OOM flap incorporating it can be raised to avoid inadvertent injury. Using this method, good results were achieved with virtually no complications
