The Experts below are selected from a list of 96 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cristina Nerín - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
Juliana S Felix - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
Celia Domeno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
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characterization of wood plastic composites made from landfill derived plastic and sawdust volatile compounds and olfactometric analysis
Waste Management, 2013Co-Authors: Juliana S Felix, Celia Domeno, Cristina NerínAbstract:Abstract Application of wood plastic composites (WPCs) obtained from recycled materials initially intended for landfill is usually limited by their composition, mainly focused on release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which could affect quality or human safety. The study of the VOCs released by a material is a requirement for new composite materials. Characterization and quantification of VOCs of several WPC produced with low density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (PE/EVA) films and sawdust were carried out, in each stage of production, by solid phase microextraction in headspace mode (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). An odor profile was also obtained by HS-SPME and GC–MS coupled with olfactometry analysis. More than 140 compounds were observed in the raw materials and WPC samples. Some quantified compounds were considered WPC markers such as furfural, 2-methoxyphenol, N-methylphthalimide and 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol. Hexanoic acid, acetic acid, 2-methoxyphenol, acetylfuran, diacetyl, and aldehydes were the most important odorants. None of the VOCs were found to affect human safety for use of the WPC.
A Galgano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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thermal and catalytic decomposition of wood impregnated with sulfur and phosphorus containing ammonium salts
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Colomba Di Blasi, Carmen Branca, A GalganoAbstract:Abstract The decomposition of fir wood, impregnated with diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate, has been investigated with a laboratory scale reactor together with gas-chromatographic analysis of gas and condensable organics. The dependence of products and other process variables on the salt concentration in the wood (from 0 to about 20% on a dry wood basis) and the heating temperature (650–900 K) is qualitatively similar for the two cases. Given heating temperatures of about 650–750 K and using as a reference water-extracted wood, diammonium sulfate and diammonium phosphate concentrations of about 1% are apt to cause a small increase (factors of 1.2–2) in the yields of levoglucosan, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde and 2-Acetylfuran, whereas values in the range 2–5% highly augment the yields of levoglucosenone and 2-furaldehyde (factors of 14–16 and 3–2, respectively). Salt concentrations above 10% confer excellent fire retardance properties of wood with total yields of water and char up to about 70 and 85% and ratio values of non-combustible to combustible volatile products up to 3.5 and 6.5, respectively. The displacement of the reaction process at lower temperatures, the higher exothermicity associated with the enhanced char formation, the reduced convective cooling and the endothermicity of salt decomposition also highly affect the conversion times and the overall rates of volatile species release.
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products and global weight loss rates of wood decomposition catalyzed by zinc chloride
Energy & Fuels, 2008Co-Authors: Colomba Di Blasi, Carmen Branca, A GalganoAbstract:Motivated by the production of fine chemicals and the improvement of flame retardance properties, experiments have been performed with a fixed-bed reactor to investigate the catalytic action exerted by zinc chloride on fir wood pyrolysis (catalyst concentrations between 0 and 16% on a dry wood basis and heating temperatures between 650 and 900 K). It has been observed that this Lewis acid acts as a dehydrating and cross-linking agent promoting the formation of char and water with total yields up to about 73%. As a consequence, the majority of organic condensable products generated from uncatalyzed pyrolysis of wood (hydroxyacetaldehyde, hydroxypropanone, levoglucosan, and other minor carbohydrates, phenols, and guaiacols) is rapidly reduced to low values. However, zinc chloride is a particularly effective catalyst (concentrations of 1–6% and temperatures of 700–800 K) to maximize the yields of levoglucosenone, acetylfuran, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde, and, especially, 2-furaldehyde which is augmented by a fact...
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flame retarding of wood by impregnation with boric acid pyrolysis products and char oxidation rates
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2007Co-Authors: Colomba Di Blasi, Carmen Branca, A GalganoAbstract:Abstract The pyrolysis of fir wood impregnated with boric acid (0–5.4%) has been investigated for heating temperatures of 650 and 800 K by examining the yields of char, water, permanent gases (CO 2 , CO, CH 4 ) and total organic products (together with 32 compounds). The yields of the last product class continuously decrease to the advantage of char and water, but the most significant modifications occur for acid contents below 2%. The formation of levoglucosan (with 2-Acetylfuran, 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde and other minor species) first and levoglucosenone (with 2-furaldehyde) afterwards is favoured, whereas other compounds generated from the holocellulosic (hydroxyacetaldehyde, hydroxypropanone, acetic acid and minor carbohydrates) and lignin (phenols, cresols) fractions generally decline. Conversion times become longer and volatilization rates are reduced. The oxidation characteristics of char have been studied by means of thermogravimetric analysis and interpreted according to a three-step reaction mechanism. The boric acid treatment lowers the activation energy and reaction order of the most important step (145 versus 226 kJ/mol and 1.2 versus 0.86, respectively) which also shows lower rates and is slightly delayed.
Susana Buxaderas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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volatile profiles of sparkling wines obtained by three extraction methods and gas chromatography mass spectrometry gc ms analysis
Food Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: J Boschfuste, Montserrat Riuaumatell, Josep M Guadayol, Josep Caixach, Elvira Lopeztamames, Susana BuxaderasAbstract:Abstract Simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) and closed-loop stripping analysis (CLSA) show great capacity for organic compound extraction. Here we used these techniques to obtain and characterize a wide range of volatile compounds from aged cava sparkling wine. We also explored the potential application of head space-solid phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) to determine the distinctive volatile compounds of aged cava as this technique is a common extraction method in quality flavour control. For SDE, 50 mL of cava were extracted with pentane/dichloromethane during 4 h in a Likens–Nickerson (LN) extraction apparatus; while for CLSA, 25 mL of cava were stirred during 1 h into a CLSA apparatus with an adsorbent trap of granulated activated carbon. HS-SPME was performed at 35 °C using 2 ml of sample for 30 min. The 20-mm SPME fibber was coated with a 50/30-μm layer of divinylbenzene–carboxen–polydimethylsiloxane (DVB–CAR–PDMS). All the extraction methods were followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. SDE and CLSA allowed the identification of 84 volatile compounds. Almost 40% of the volatiles from these two techniques were obtained by HS-SPME. Moreover, here we provide the first description of several tentatively identified compounds such as lilial, octanal, 2-octanone, isopropyl disulfide, methylthiophen-3-one, α-amyl-cinnamaldehyde, ethyl 2-furancarboxylate, 2-Acetylfuran, and 5-methylfurfural in cava.
