The Experts below are selected from a list of 3435 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Joseph Jankovic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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botulinum toxin therapy for cervical dystonia
Neurotoxicity Research, 2006Co-Authors: Joseph JankovicAbstract:Cervical dystonia (CD) is the most common form of focal dystonia treated with botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections. BoNT has been shown in numerous clinical trials to correct the Abnormal Posture and movement and to markedly reduce pain associated with CD. In addition, BoNT has favorably modified the natural history of the disease by preventing contractures and other complications of CD, such as secondary degenerative changes of the cervical spine and associated radiculopathy. In a long-term follow-up of patients treated for up to 20 years, the duration of response appears to be sustained and the risk of immunoresistance due to blocking antibodies is relatively small. This review provides and update on the treatment of CD with BoNT type A (BOTOX®, Dysport®, Xeomin®) and BoNT type B (Myobloc™, NeuroBloc®).
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Camptocormia: Pathogenesis, classification, and response to therapy
Neurology, 2005Co-Authors: Shaheda N. Azher, Joseph JankovicAbstract:Originally considered a psychogenic disorder, camptocormia, an Abnormal Posture with marked flexion of thoracolumbar spine that abates in the recumbent position, is becoming an increasingly recognized feature of parkinsonian and dystonic disorders. Prior reports were limited by sample size, short follow-up, and paucity of data on response to therapy. The authors reviewed 16 patients evaluated in their PD Center and Movement Disorders Clinic diagnosed with camptocormia. In addition to detailed neurologic assessment all patients were videotaped. The mean age was 64.9 ± 17.4 years, mean age at onset of neurologic symptoms was 51.5 ± 19.9 years, duration from onset of neurologic symptoms to development of camptocormia was 6.7 ± 7.6 years, and the mean duration of camptocormia was 4.5 ± 3.9 years. Of the 16 patients, 11 (68.8%) had Parkinson disease (PD); others had dystonia (n = 4) and Tourette syndrome (n = 1). Twelve patients received levodopa, with minimal or no improvement in the camptocormia. Nine patients received botulinum toxin type A injections into the rectus abdominus, with notable improvement in their camptocormia in four. One patient underwent bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for PD, but there was no improvement in camptocormia. Based on this series and a thorough review of the literature of camptocormia, head drop, and bent spine syndrome, the authors propose etiologic classification of camptocormia and conclude that this heterogeneous disorder has multiple etiologies and variable response to systemic and local therapies.
Akihiro Ito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficacy of a trunk orthosis with joints providing resistive force on low back load in elderly persons during static standing
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2015Co-Authors: Junji Katsuhira, Ko Matsudaira, Tadashi Yasui, Shinno Iijima, Akihiro ItoAbstract:Purpose Postural alignment of elderly people becomes poor due to aging, possibly leading to low-back pain and spinal deformity. Although there are several interventions for treating these conditions, no previous study has reported the effectiveness of a spinal orthosis or lumbosacral orthosis (LSO) in healthy elderly people without specific spinal deformity. We therefore developed a trunk orthosis to decrease low-back muscle activity while training good postural alignment through resistive force provided by joints with springs (here, called the ORF, which stands for orthosis with joints providing resistive force) as a preventive method against Abnormal Posture and low-back pain in healthy elderly persons.
Wontae Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the effects of cervical joint manipulation based on passive motion analysis on cervical lordosis forward head Posture and cervical rom in university students with Abnormal Posture of the cervical spine
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015Co-Authors: Wontae GongAbstract:[Purpose] The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cervical Posture manipulation, based on passive motion analysis (MBPMA) and general mobilization, on cervical lordosis, forward head Posture (FHP), and cervical ROM in university students with problems in cervical Posture and range of motion (ROM). [Subjects] The Subjects were 40 university students in their 20s who displayed problems in cervical Posture and ROM; they were divided into an MBPMA group (n=20) and a mobilization group (n=20). [Methods] Each group underwent MBPMA or mobilization three times a week for four weeks. The effects of MBPMA and mobilization on cervical lordosis, FHP, and cervical ROM were analyzed by radiography. [Results] MBPMA was effective in increasing the cervical lordosis, cervical extension ROM (CER), and ranges of flexion and extension motion (RFEM) and in decreasing FHP. Mobilization was effective in increasing CER and decreasing FHP. [Conclusion] MBPMA can be utilized as an effective method for decreasing FHP and improving cervical lordosis and cervical ROM.
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the effects of gong s mobilization on cervical lordosis forward head Posture and cervical rom in Abnormal Posture of the cervical spine of college students
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2011Co-Authors: Wontae Gong, Yoonmi LeeAbstract:[Purpose] In this study, the effectiveness of Gong's Mobilization and sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGS) were compared in college students who had problems with cervical Posture and range of motion (ROM) in order to examine the effects of Gong's Mobilization on cervical lordosis, forward head Posture (FHP), and cervical ROM. [Subjects] Forty college students in their twenties with problems of cervical Posture and ROM were divided into a Gong's Mobilization group (n=20) and a SNAGS group (n=20). [Methods] Gong's Mobilization and SNAGS were administered three times a week for four weeks to each respective group and then changes in cervical lordosis, FHP, and cervical ROM were evaluated. [Results] Gong's Mobilization was effective at increasing cervical lordosis, cervical extension ROM (CER), and ranges of flexion and extension motion (RFEM), as well as decreasing FHP. In contrast, SNAGS was effective at increasing CER and decreasing FHP. [Conclusion] Although both Gong's Mobilization and SNAGS affected cervical Posture and ROM, Gong's Mobilization was more effective at increasing cervical lordosis, CER, and RFEM.
Hideji Hashida - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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botulinum toxin treatment of paraspinal muscles for improving Abnormal Posture in parkinson s disease
Basal ganglia, 2018Co-Authors: Hideyuki Matsumoto, Tsugumi Akahori, Keiko Hatano, Hideji HashidaAbstract:Abstract The patient was a 64-year-old man who presented with gait disturbance at the age of 58. He was later diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. At the age of 64, he felt severe right abdominal pain because his right abdomen was compressed by his Abnormal Posture. Neurological examinations showed axial flexion to the anterior and right sides, i.e. a combination of camptocormia and Pisa syndrome, and hypertrophy of the right lumbar paraspinal muscles in addition to parkinsonism. Surface electromyography and body computed tomography suggested axial dystonia, i.e. right dominant hyperactivity and hypertrophy of the lumbar paraspinal muscles. Botulinum toxin was injected into the right lumbar paraspinal muscles. One month later, his Abnormal Posture improved and his right abdominal pain was also relieved. In general, botulinum toxin treatment of the paraspinal muscles has the potential to improve Pisa syndrome but carries the risk of worsening camptocormia. However, in our case, not only Pisa syndrome but also camptocormia improved. Therefore, we should note that botulinum toxin treatment of paraspinal muscles is able to improve not only Pisa syndrome but also camptocormia. As a plausible explanation, botulinum toxin treatment could control the hyperactivity of the bilateral paraspinal muscles symmetrically, which might improve camptocormia in addition to Pisa syndrome.
Frank A. Pintar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Abnormal Posture on capsular ligament elongations in a computational model subjected to whiplash loading
Journal of Biomechanics, 2005Co-Authors: Brian D. Stemper, Narayan Yoganandan, Frank A. PintarAbstract:Abstract Although considerable biomechanical investigations have been conducted to understand the response of the cervical spine under whiplash (rear impact-induced postero-anterior loading to the thorax), studies delineating the effects of initial spinal curvature are limited. This study advanced the hypothesis that Abnormal curvatures (straight or kyphotic) of the cervical column affect spinal kinematics during whiplash loading. Specifically, compared to the normal lordotic curvature, Abnormal curvatures altered facet joint ligament elongations. The quantifications of these elongations were accomplished using a validated mathematical model of the human head–neck complex that simulated three curvatures. The model was validated using companion experiments conducted in our laboratory that provided facet joint kinematics as a function of cervical spinal level. Regional facet joint ligament elongations were investigated as a function of whiplash loading in the four local anatomic regions of each joint. Under the normal Posture, greatest elongations occurred in the dorsal anatomic region at the C2–C3 level and in the lateral anatomic region from C3–C4 to C6–C7 levels. Abnormal Postures increased elongation magnitudes in these regions by up to 70%. Excessive ligament elongations induce laxity to the facet joint, particularly at the local regions of the anatomy in the Abnormal kyphotic Posture. Increased laxity may predispose the cervical spine to accelerated degenerative changes over time and lead to instability. Results from the present study, while providing quantified level- and region-specific kinematic data, concur with clinical findings that Abnormal spinal curvatures enhance the likelihood of whiplash injury and may have long-term clinical and biomechanical implications.
