The Experts below are selected from a list of 113202 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P. Kannus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Normality, variability and predictability of work, power and torque Acceleration Energy with respect to peak torque in isokinetic muscle testing.
International journal of sports medicine, 1992Co-Authors: P. KannusAbstract:This study evaluated at two different test sessions the normality and variability of the isokinetic peak torque (PT), peak work (PW), peak power (PP) and peak torque Acceleration Energy (PTAE) data outputs in healthy adult males (n = 10) and females (n = 10). The hamstring and quadriceps muscles were tested at the angular velocities of 60 deg/s (a slow speed test) and 240 deg/s (a high speed test). The predictability of the PW, PP and PTAE from the PT was also assessed. The results showed that the consistency of the PW and PP measurements were equal with that of the PT. This was due to equal (almost normal) data distribution, equal variability of the outputs (the coefficient of variation (cv) ranged from 14 to 29% in the PWs and PPs versus 16 to 29% in the PTs), and excellent predictability of the PW and PP from the PT (PTs accounted on an average 85% for the variation seen in the PWs and PPs). In addition, in the regression analyses the standard errors of the estimates (SEEs) were low (less than 10%) and the residuals were distributed nonsystematically. In the PTAE measurements, the results were much more inconsistent, especially during the slow speed of the dynamometer. Compared with PT, PW and PP, the PTAE data distribution differed more frequently from normal distribution and the PTAE outputs showed higher variability. In addition, the PTAE outputs could not be acceptably predicted from the PT. In conclusion, the isokinetic PW and PP measurements can be recommended for clinical use, while the PTAE measurements should not be used routinely.
Robert C. Manske - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Difference in isokinetic torque Acceleration Energy of the rotator cuff: competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes
2004Co-Authors: Robert C. Manske, Casey S. Tajchman, Todd A. Stranghoner, Todd S. EllenbeckerAbstract:The full text of this article is not available in SOAR. Access this article via EBSCO Host # 14215835
-
Difference in isokinetic torque Acceleration Energy of the rotator cuff: competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes.
Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2004Co-Authors: Robert C. Manske, Casey S. Tajchman, Todd A. Stranghoner, Todd S. EllenbeckerAbstract:Manske, R.C., C.S. Tajchman, T.A. Stranghoner, and T.S. Ellenbecker. Difference in isokinetic torque accelera- tion Energy of the rotator cuff: Competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 18(3):447-450. 2004.— Rotator cuff function is critical to the overhead athlete. Rotator cuff power is felt to be important in the overhead athlete during the throwing motion. Little research exists regarding torque ac- celeration Energy (TAE) in overhead athletes. Twenty-five males were divided into 2 groups consisting of overhead athletes (pitch- ers) (n 5 12) and nonoverhead athletes (controls) (n 5 13). All participants were given a concentric velocity spectrum isokinetic test at speeds of 608 (1.05 r), 1808 (3.16 r), and 3008·s21 (5.26 r) to both the dominant and nondominant shoulder internal and external rotators. Significant differences were found for all in- ternal rotator TAE scores (p 5 0.000-0.016), at each of the 3 velocities, when comparing dominant to nondominant arms of both overhead athletes and nonoverhead athletes. Only 608·s 21 (1.05 r) was found to be different during external rotation TAE testing of the overhead athletes (p 5 0.027) but was not found in the control subjects. Post hoc analysis revealed no differences between dominant or nondominant TAE scores when compari- sons were made between overhead athletes and controls. Results may reveal that power of the rotator cuff muscles may not be a critical component of the overhead throwing motion.
-
Postrehabilitation Outcomes of Muscle Power (Torque-Acceleration Energy) in Patients with Selected Shoulder Dysfunctions
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation, 2003Co-Authors: Robert C. Manske, George J. DaviesAbstract:Context: Most patients on an index concentric isokinetic test of the shoulder internal and external rotators have significant torque-Acceleration-Energy (TAE) deficits. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation on muscle power in patients with shoulder dysfunctions. Design: Prospective, pretest–posttest. Setting: Physical therapy clinic. Participants: 67, mean age 28.7 ± 12.89 years. Main Outcome Measures: Concentric shoulder internal and external rotators measured with arm at 90° of abduction, 90° of elbow flexion. Isokinetic velocities tested: 60°, 180°, and 300°/s. Results: A paired t test (P < .05) compared the differences from index to discharge test for involved and uninvolved internal and external shoulder rotators. Percentages of TAE deficits involved vs uninvolved on discharge and change in TAE from index to discharge were also analyzed. Significant improvement of the involved shoulder for all velocities for both internal and external rotators was seen. The uninvolved extremity saw...
Todd S. Ellenbecker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Difference in isokinetic torque Acceleration Energy of the rotator cuff: competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes
2004Co-Authors: Robert C. Manske, Casey S. Tajchman, Todd A. Stranghoner, Todd S. EllenbeckerAbstract:The full text of this article is not available in SOAR. Access this article via EBSCO Host # 14215835
-
Difference in isokinetic torque Acceleration Energy of the rotator cuff: competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes.
Journal of strength and conditioning research, 2004Co-Authors: Robert C. Manske, Casey S. Tajchman, Todd A. Stranghoner, Todd S. EllenbeckerAbstract:Manske, R.C., C.S. Tajchman, T.A. Stranghoner, and T.S. Ellenbecker. Difference in isokinetic torque accelera- tion Energy of the rotator cuff: Competitive male pitchers versus male nonathletes. J. Strength Cond. Res. 18(3):447-450. 2004.— Rotator cuff function is critical to the overhead athlete. Rotator cuff power is felt to be important in the overhead athlete during the throwing motion. Little research exists regarding torque ac- celeration Energy (TAE) in overhead athletes. Twenty-five males were divided into 2 groups consisting of overhead athletes (pitch- ers) (n 5 12) and nonoverhead athletes (controls) (n 5 13). All participants were given a concentric velocity spectrum isokinetic test at speeds of 608 (1.05 r), 1808 (3.16 r), and 3008·s21 (5.26 r) to both the dominant and nondominant shoulder internal and external rotators. Significant differences were found for all in- ternal rotator TAE scores (p 5 0.000-0.016), at each of the 3 velocities, when comparing dominant to nondominant arms of both overhead athletes and nonoverhead athletes. Only 608·s 21 (1.05 r) was found to be different during external rotation TAE testing of the overhead athletes (p 5 0.027) but was not found in the control subjects. Post hoc analysis revealed no differences between dominant or nondominant TAE scores when compari- sons were made between overhead athletes and controls. Results may reveal that power of the rotator cuff muscles may not be a critical component of the overhead throwing motion.
R. Tomàs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
blazar halos as probe for extragalactic magnetic fields and maximal Acceleration Energy
The Astrophysical Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Klaus Dolag, S. Ostapchenko, M Kachelries, R. TomàsAbstract:High-Energy photons from blazars interact within tens of kpc with the extragalactic photon background, initiating electromagnetic pair cascades. The charged component of such cascades is deflected by extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMFs), leading to halos even around initially point-like sources. We calculate the intensity profile of the resulting secondary high-Energy photons for different assumptions on the initial source spectrum and the strength of the EGMF, employing also fields found earlier in a constrained simulation of structure formation including magnetohydrodynamics processes. We find that the observation of halos around blazars like Mrk 180 probes an interesting range of EGMF strengths and Acceleration models: in particular, blazar halos test if the photon Energy spectrum at the source extends beyond ~100 TeV and how anisotropic this high-Energy component is emitted.
-
Blazar halos as probe for extragalactic magnetic fields and maximal Acceleration Energy
The Astrophysical Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Klaus Dolag, Michael Kachelriess, S. Ostapchenko, R. TomàsAbstract:High Energy photons from blazars interact within tens of kpc with the extragalactic photon background, initiating electromagnetic pair cascades. The charged component of such cascades is deflected by extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMF), leading to halos even around initially point-like sources. We calculate the intensity profile of the resulting secondary high-Energy photons for different assumptions on the initial source spectrum and the strength of the EGMF, employing also fields found earlier in a constrained simulation of structure formation including MHD processes. We find that the observation of halos around blazars like Mrk~180 probes an interesting range of EGMF strengths and Acceleration models: In particular, blazar halos test if the photon Energy spectrum at the source extends beyond \sim 100 TeV and how anisotropic this high Energy component is emitted.
Jiro Matsuo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
High-speed processing with Cl2 cluster ion beam
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 2009Co-Authors: Toshio Seki, Takaaki Aoki, Jiro MatsuoAbstract:Abstract Cluster ion beam processes can produce high rate sputtering with low damage compared with monomer ion beam processes. Cl2 cluster ion beams with different size distributions were generated with controlling the ionization conditions. Size distributions were measured using the time-of-flight (TOF) method. Si substrates and SiO2 films were irradiated with the Cl2 cluster ions at Acceleration energies of 10–30 keV and the etching ratio of Si/SiO2 was investigated. The sputtering yield increased with Acceleration Energy and was a few thousand times higher than that of Ar monomer ions. The sputtering yield of Cl2 cluster ions was about 4400 atoms/ion at 30 keV Acceleration Energy. The etching ratio of Si/SiO2 was above eight at Acceleration energies in the range 10–30 keV. Thus, SiO2 can be used as a mask for irradiation with Cl2 cluster ion beam, which is an advantage for semiconductor processing. In order to keep high sputtering yield and high etching ratio, the cluster size needs to be sufficiently large and size control is important.
-
High-speed processing with high-Energy SF6 cluster ion beam
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2007Co-Authors: Toshio Seki, Jiro MatsuoAbstract:Abstract In order to realize high-speed processing, high-Energy SF 6 cluster ion beam was generated and Si substrates were irradiated with the SF 6 cluster ions at Acceleration energies of 10–80 keV. The sputtering yield increased with Acceleration Energy and was about 2600 times higher than that of Ar monomer ions. The sputtering yield of SF 6 cluster ions was about 3300 atoms/ion at Acceleration Energy of 80 keV. The etching ratios of Si/Ni were about 25 at Acceleration Energy of 20 keV. The selectivity of Ni was sufficiently high to use as a mask material for Si etching. Both surfaces of etched material (Si) and mask material (Ni) remained smooth surfaces after high-Energy SF 6 cluster ion beam irradiation. These results show that the high-Energy SF 6 cluster ion beam can fabricate patterns of high aspect ratio with high-speed keeping the surfaces smooth.
-
cluster size dependence of sputtering yield by cluster ion beam irradiation
Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms, 2006Co-Authors: Toshio Seki, T Murase, Jiro MatsuoAbstract:In order to investigate the dependence of the sputtering yield on cluster size, surfaces were irradiated with cluster ion beams with various size distributions, and the sputtering yields were measured. It was found that there was a threshold Energy for sputtering with cluster ion irradiation. When the cluster size was constant, the sputtering yield was proportional to Acceleration Energy. These results suggested an empirical formula to calculate sputtering yield from the ion Energy and the size distribution of the cluster. The empirical formula indicates that the sputtering yield is proportional to the 1.1 power of the size, when the Acceleration Energy per atom is constant.
-
High-speed Processing with Reactive Cluster Ion Beams
MRS Proceedings, 2004Co-Authors: Toshio Seki, Jiro MatsuoAbstract:ABSTRACTCluster ion beam processes can produce high rate sputtering with low damage in comparison with monomer ion beam processes. Especially, it is expected that extreme high rate sputtering can be obtained using reactive cluster ion beams. Reactive cluster ion beams, such as SF6, CF4, CHF3, and CH2F2, were generated and their cluster size distributions were measured using Time-of-Flight (TOF) method. Si substrates were irradiated with the reactive cluster ions at the Acceleration Energy of 5–65 keV. Each sputtering yield was increased with Acceleration Energy and was about 1000 times higher than that of Ar monomer ions. The sputtering yield of SF6 cluster ions was about 4600 atoms/ion at 65 keV. With this beam, 12 inches wafers can be etched 0.5 μm per minute at 1 mA of beam current. The TOF measurement showed that the size of SF6 cluster was about 550 molecules and the number of fluorine atoms in a SF6 cluster was about 3300. If the sputtered product was SiF, the yield has to be less than 3300 atoms/ion. These results indicate that the reactive cluster ions etch targets not only chemically, but also physically. This high-speed processing with reactive cluster ion beam can be applied to fabricate nano-devices.
-
High-speed Processing with Cluster Ion Beams
MRS Proceedings, 2003Co-Authors: Toshio Seki, Jiro MatsuoAbstract:ABSTRACTCluster ion beam processes can produce high rate sputtering with low damage in comparison with monomer ion beam processes. Especially, it is expected that extreme high rate sputtering can be obtained using reactive cluster ion beams. High current SF6 cluster ion beams were recently obtained with new modifications in the basic cluster ion beam technique. The cluster size distribution was measured with Time-of-Flight (TOF) method and the mean size of cluster was about 500 molecules. Si substrates were irradiated with SF6 cluster ions at the Acceleration Energy of 5–45 keV. Sputtering yield with SF6 cluster ions was increased with Acceleration Energy and was about 2300 atoms/ion at 45 keV. The sputtering yield was about 1000 times higher than that of Ar monomer ions and was also higher than that of Ar cluster ions. It was found that reactive sputtering occurred with SF6 cluster ion irradiation. These results indicate that high-speed fabrication can be realized with reactive cluster ion irradiation at high Energy.
