Accomplice

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Brian Gallini - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • equal sentences for unequal participation should the eighth amendment allow all juvenile murder Accomplices to receive life without parole
    Oregon law review, 2008
    Co-Authors: Brian Gallini
    Abstract:

    No court has addressed the constitutional significance of sentencing juvenile murder Accomplices who play a minimal role in the underlying killing to life in prison without parole. Indeed, no precedent makes clear whether it is cruel and unusual to impose that sentence on juvenile offenders convicted of first-degree murder pursuant to either the felony-murder doctrine or an Accomplice theory of liability, notwithstanding their minimal involvement in the victim's death. To investigate this unanswered question, Part I of this Article explores the imposition of life without parole sentences on juvenile non-killers convicted of murder via either the felony-murder doctrine or Accomplice liability. In doing so, Part I attempts to illustrate the problematic nature of imposing these sentences on less culpable juvenile non-killers convicted of first-degree murder by offering examples at the state and federal levels of defendants who received identical sentences yet played different roles in the victim's death. Part II begins by outlining the evolution of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Eighth Amendment's 'cruel and unusual' clause and continues by examining its application of the clause to juveniles. Part II concludes by evaluating the application by lower courts of the Supreme Court's Eighth Amendment jurisprudence to juvenile punishment. Finally, Part III asserts that automatically sentencing juvenile non-killers to life in prison without parole renders lower courts unable either to individualize the juvenile's sentence or exercise judicial discretion in an effort to do so. Part III then argues that the Supreme Court's Eighth Amendment jurisprudence provides no remedy because it is ill-equipped to handle a juvenile non-killer's Eighth Amendment challenge to a sentence of life imprisonment without parole following a murder conviction obtained pursuant to a charge of felony-murder or Accomplice liability. Taken together, Part III concludes, these deficiencies allow for further erosion of the ideals underlying juvenile punishment.

  • equal sentences for unequal participation should the eighth amendment allow all juvenile murder Accomplices to receive life without parole
    Oregon law review, 2008
    Co-Authors: Brian Gallini
    Abstract:

    No court has addressed the constitutional significance of sentencing juvenile murder Accomplices who play a minimal role in the underlying killing to life in prison without parole. Indeed, no precedent makes clear whether it is cruel and unusual to impose that sentence on juvenile offenders convicted of first-degree murder pursuant to either the felony-murder doctrine or an Accomplice theory of liability, notwithstanding their minimal involvement in the victim's death. To investigate this unanswered question, Part I of this Article explores the imposition of life without parole sentences on juvenile non-killers convicted of murder via either the felony-murder doctrine or Accomplice liability. In doing so, Part I attempts to illustrate the problematic nature of imposing these sentences on less culpable juvenile non-killers convicted of first-degree murder by offering examples at the state and federal levels of defendants who received identical sentences yet played different roles in the victim's death. Part II begins by outlining the evolution of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Eighth Amendment's 'cruel and unusual' clause and continues by examining its application of the clause to juveniles. Part II concludes by evaluating the application by lower courts of the Supreme Court's Eighth Amendment jurisprudence to juvenile punishment. Finally, Part III asserts that automatically sentencing juvenile non-killers to life in prison without parole renders lower courts unable either to individualize the juvenile's sentence or exercise judicial discretion in an effort to do so. Part III then argues that the Supreme Court's Eighth Amendment jurisprudence provides no remedy because it is ill-equipped to handle a juvenile non-killer's Eighth Amendment challenge to a sentence of life imprisonment without parole following a murder conviction obtained pursuant to a charge of felony-murder or Accomplice liability. Taken together, Part III concludes, these deficiencies allow for further erosion of the ideals underlying juvenile punishment.

Anthony Durzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Anthony D'urzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Min Long - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • fd gan face de morphing generative adversarial network for restoring Accomplice s facial image
    IEEE Access, 2019
    Co-Authors: Fei Peng, Le-bing Zhang, Min Long
    Abstract:

    Face morphing attack is proved to be a serious threat to the existing face recognition systems. Although a few face morphing detection methods have been put forward, the face morphing Accomplice’s facial restoration remains a challenging problem. In this paper, a face de-morphing generative adversarial network (FD-GAN) is proposed to restore the Accomplice’s facial image. It utilizes the symmetric dual network architecture and two levels of restoration losses to separate the identity feature of the morphing Accomplice. By exploiting the captured facial image (containing the criminal’s identity) from the face recognition system and the morphed image stored in the e-passport system (containing both criminal and Accomplice’s identities), the FD-GAN can effectively restore the Accomplice’s facial image. The experimental results and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It has great potential to be applied for tracing the identity of face morphing attack’s Accomplice in criminal investigation and judicial forensics.

  • FD-GAN: Face De-Morphing Generative Adversarial Network for Restoring Accomplice’s Facial Image
    IEEE Access, 2019
    Co-Authors: Fei Peng, Le-bing Zhang, Min Long
    Abstract:

    Face morphing attack is proved to be a serious threat to the existing face recognition systems. Although a few face morphing detection methods have been put forward, the face morphing Accomplice’s facial restoration remains a challenging problem. In this paper, a face de-morphing generative adversarial network (FD-GAN) is proposed to restore the Accomplice’s facial image. It utilizes the symmetric dual network architecture and two levels of restoration losses to separate the identity feature of the morphing Accomplice. By exploiting the captured facial image (containing the criminal’s identity) from the face recognition system and the morphed image stored in the e-passport system (containing both criminal and Accomplice’s identities), the FD-GAN can effectively restore the Accomplice’s facial image. The experimental results and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It has great potential to be applied for tracing the identity of face morphing attack’s Accomplice in criminal investigation and judicial forensics.

  • FD-GAN: Face-demorphing generative adversarial network for restoring Accomplice's facial image
    arXiv: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2018
    Co-Authors: Fei Peng, Le-bing Zhang, Min Long
    Abstract:

    Face morphing attack is proved to be a serious threat to the existing face recognition systems. Although a few face morphing detection methods have been put forward, the face morphing Accomplice's facial restoration remains a challenging problem. In this paper, a face de-morphing generative adversarial network (FD-GAN) is proposed to restore the Accomplice's facial image. It utilizes a symmetric dual network architecture and two levels of restoration losses to separate the identity feature of the morphing Accomplice. By exploiting the captured facial image (containing the criminal's identity) from the face recognition system and the morphed image stored in the e-passport system (containing both criminal and Accomplice's identities), the FD-GAN can effectively restore the Accomplice's facial image. Experimental results and analysis demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It has great potential to be implemented for detecting the face morphing Accomplice in a real identity verification scenario.

Jeffrey S. Neuschatz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The Effects of Accomplice Witnesses and Jailhouse Informants on Jury Decision Making
    Law and human behavior, 2007
    Co-Authors: Jessica K. Swanner, Deah S. Lawson, Christian A. Meissner, Jeffrey S. Neuschatz
    Abstract:

    The present study presents one of the first investigations of the effects of Accomplice witnesses and jailhouse informants on jury decision-making. Across two experiments, participants read a trial transcript that included either a secondary confession from an Accomplice witness, a jailhouse informant, a member of the community or a no confession control. In half of the experimental trial transcripts, the participants were made aware that the cooperating witness providing the secondary confession was given an incentive to testify. The results of both experiments revealed that information about the cooperating witness' incentive (e.g., leniency or reward) did not affect participants' verdict decisions. In Experiment 2, participant jurors appeared to commit the fundamental attribution error, as they attributed the motivation of the Accomplice witness and jailhouse informant almost exclusively to personal factors as opposed to situational factors. Furthermore, both experiments revealed that mock jurors voted guilty significantly more often when there was a confession relative to a no confession control condition. The implications of the use of Accomplice witness and jailhouse informant testimony are discussed.