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James W. Mcginity - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Navnit H Shah, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, James W. McginityAbstract:Abstract The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit® RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T g by 32.5 °C, while the reduction in the T g for the same level of CPM was 16.4 °C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Yucun Zhu, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, Navnit H Shah, James W. McginityAbstract:The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T(g) by 32.5 degrees C, while the reduction in the T(g) for the same level of CPM was 16.4 degrees C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
Wen-chang Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transparent organic inorganic hybrid thin films prepared from Acrylic Polymer and aqueous monodispersed colloidal silica
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2003Co-Authors: Yangyen Yu, Wen-chang ChenAbstract:Highly transparent hybrid films containing nano-sized silica domain were synthesized from Acrylic Polymer and aqueous monodispersed colloidal silica (CS) with a coupling agent, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (MSMA). The silica content in the hybrid thin films was varied from 0 to 50 wt.%. The experimental results showed that the silica particle size in the precursor solution and the hybrid films was varied from 20 to 40 nm. It could be controlled by the mole ratio of MSMA to silica. The results of scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and elemental analysis support the above conclusion. The prepared hybrid films showed high film uniformity and optical transparence. The thermal stability of the prepared hybrid films increased with the increasing silica content. The refractive index decreased linearly with the increasing silica fraction in the hybrid films. The experimental results suggest that the hybrid thin films have potential applications as passive films for optical devices.
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Analysis of thermosetting Acrylic Polymer light conduits
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2000Co-Authors: Wen-chang Chen, W. J. WangAbstract:In this study a series of thermosetting Acrylic Polymer light conduits (PLCs) with the composition of AxByCz were synthesized to investigate the structure–property relationships. The A and B components were selected from methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), or 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate (TFPMA). Various bifunctional Acrylics were used for the C component. High numerical aperture values were found in the prepared large-diameter PLCs. The peak maxima of the optical loss spectra vary from 735 nm to 745 nm, which satisfactorily agree with the theoretical calculation from the FTIR spectra. They are due to the fifth harmonic of the C—H stretching vibration band. The peak maximum and intensity can be adjusted by varying molecular composition. The peak intensity of the optical loss spectrum is proportional to the C—H bond density of the Polymer core. The replacement of the MMA moiety by the TFPMA moiety in the three-component thermosetting PLCs reduces the peak intensity. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 2098–2104, 2000
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Synthesis and characterization of three-component thermosetting Acrylic Polymer light conduits
Journal of Polymer Research, 1999Co-Authors: Wen-chang Chen, W. J. Wang, Chih-yuan LiaoAbstract:In this study, new thermosetting Acrylic Polymer light conduits (PLCs) with the composition of A_xB_yC_z were prepared and characterized. The A and B components were methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate, respectively. Tri-funcational Acrylic monomers were used for the C component. The thermal properties and optical properties of the prepared PLCs are presented and compared with a commercially available PLC, S1 . The prepared PLCs also have high numerical apertures and large diameters for illumination applications. The peak intensity and position can be tuned from their molecular structures. The peak position in the optical loss spectrum is in a satisfactory agreement with the theoretical calculation from the FTIR spectra, which results from the high harmonics of the C-H stretching vibration band. The peak intensity of the optical loss spectrum is proportional to the C-H bond density of the Polymer core. The prepared PLCs have better thermal stability than S1 .
Navnit H Shah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Navnit H Shah, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, James W. McginityAbstract:Abstract The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit® RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T g by 32.5 °C, while the reduction in the T g for the same level of CPM was 16.4 °C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Yucun Zhu, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, Navnit H Shah, James W. McginityAbstract:The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T(g) by 32.5 degrees C, while the reduction in the T(g) for the same level of CPM was 16.4 degrees C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
Waseem A Malick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Navnit H Shah, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, James W. McginityAbstract:Abstract The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit® RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T g by 32.5 °C, while the reduction in the T g for the same level of CPM was 16.4 °C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Yucun Zhu, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, Navnit H Shah, James W. McginityAbstract:The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T(g) by 32.5 degrees C, while the reduction in the T(g) for the same level of CPM was 16.4 degrees C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
Martin Howard Infeld - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Navnit H Shah, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, James W. McginityAbstract:Abstract The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit® RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T g by 32.5 °C, while the reduction in the T g for the same level of CPM was 16.4 °C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
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solid state plasticization of an Acrylic Polymer with chlorpheniramine maleate and triethyl citrate
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2002Co-Authors: Yucun Zhu, Waseem A Malick, Martin Howard Infeld, Navnit H Shah, James W. McginityAbstract:The influence of in situ plasticization of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) on Eudragit RS PO from hot-melt extruded matrix tablets, and from compressed granules prepared by thermal processing was investigated. CPM was studied as both a model drug substance and as a solid-state plasticizer for the Acrylic Polymer. Triethyl citrate (TEC) was incorporated into the Polymer blend as a liquid plasticizer for the Polymer. The influence of TEC and CPM concentration on the dissolution properties of CPM tablets was investigated. The glass transition temperature (T(g)) of the samples was determined by modulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC). The morphologies of the granules formed by hot-melt extrusion and hot-melt granulation processes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The addition of 12% TEC to the Polymer reduced the T(g) by 32.5 degrees C, while the reduction in the T(g) for the same level of CPM was 16.4 degrees C. The effect of TEC levels on drug release was dependent on the tablet preparation method. At high TEC levels, the release rate of CPM decreased in tablets prepared by direct compression and tablets made from compressed granules that had been prepared by high shear hot-melt granulation. However, the CPM release rate increased from hot-melt extruded tablets with increasing blends of plasticizer in the extruded tablets. An increase in the CPM content in the tablets resulted in an increase in the drug release rate. During high shear hot-melt granulation, the model drug adhered to the Polymer to form a porous discontinuous structure. Following hot-melt extrusion, the drug was distributed at a molecular level in the continuous Polymeric structure. The influence of both CPM and TEC levels on the drug release rate from these Polymeric drug delivery systems was shown to be a function of whether the granules or tablets were formed by either hot-melt granulation or hot-melt extrusion, as well as the plasticization effects of both TEC and CPM on the Acrylic Polymer.
