The Experts below are selected from a list of 18207 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gwilherm Evano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a vinylic rosenmund von braun reaction practical synthesis of Acrylonitriles
Chemical Communications, 2014Co-Authors: Alexandre Pradal, Gwilherm EvanoAbstract:An efficient system based on acetone cyanohydrin and catalytic amounts of copper(I) iodide and 1,10-phenanthroline is reported for the cyanation of alkenyl iodides. A wide range of polysubstituted Acrylonitriles could be obtained in fair to good yields and with complete retention of the geometry of the double bond. This extension of the Rosenmund–von Braun reaction also enabled a straightforward formal synthesis of the naturally occurring Acrylonitrile alliarinoside.
Alexandre Pradal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a vinylic rosenmund von braun reaction practical synthesis of Acrylonitriles
Chemical Communications, 2014Co-Authors: Alexandre Pradal, Gwilherm EvanoAbstract:An efficient system based on acetone cyanohydrin and catalytic amounts of copper(I) iodide and 1,10-phenanthroline is reported for the cyanation of alkenyl iodides. A wide range of polysubstituted Acrylonitriles could be obtained in fair to good yields and with complete retention of the geometry of the double bond. This extension of the Rosenmund–von Braun reaction also enabled a straightforward formal synthesis of the naturally occurring Acrylonitrile alliarinoside.
Sujata Sahoo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate comonomers on cellulose using ceric ions
Biomacromolecules, 2001Co-Authors: K C Gupta, Sujata SahooAbstract:The graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate from their binary mixtures onto cellulose has been carried out in the presence of Ce(IV) ions in acidic media at 30 +/- 0.1 degrees C. The graft copolymerization has shown an increasing trend on increasing the feed molarity of the comonomers and on increasing the reaction time. The analysis of grafted cellulose prepared with different feed compositions (f(AN)) has clearly indicated the existence of the synergistic effect of ethyl methacrylate on Acrylonitrile which normally shows poor affinity for grafting on cellulose while used individually. The elemental analysis and IR data were used to determine the composition of grafted copolymers and reactivity ratios (r(1), r(2)) of the monomers using the Mayo and Lewis method. The reactivity ratios for acrylontrile and ethyl methacrylate have been found to be 0.68 and 1.15, respectively, which supported the alternate arrangement of the monomer blocks of individual monomers in the grafted chains. The rate of grafting has shown a square dependence on the concentration of the comonomers within the studied range of feed molarity from 0.5 to 2.5 mol dm(-3). The grafting data were used to calculate the number of grafted chains (N(g)), frequency of grafting (G(F)) per molecule of the cellulose and efficiency of grafting (G(E)). The variation in these parameters as a function of feed molarity, feed composition, and ceric ion concentration has been determined. The rate of ceric ion disappearance as a function of feed molarity and reaction time has provided strong support to consider the participation of ceric ions in the formation of free radicals at the backbone of the cellulose. On the basis of the experimental observations, reaction steps for grafting of monomers on cellulose have been proposed.
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graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate comonomers on cellulose using ceric ions
Biomacromolecules, 2001Co-Authors: K C Gupta, Sujata SahooAbstract:The graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate from their binary mixtures onto cellulose has been carried out in the presence of Ce(IV) ions in acidic media at 30 ± 0.1 °C. The graft copolymerization has shown an increasing trend on increasing the feed molarity of the comonomers and on increasing the reaction time. The analysis of grafted cellulose prepared with different feed compositions (fAN) has clearly indicated the existence of the synergistic effect of ethyl methacrylate on Acrylonitrile which normally shows poor affinity for grafting on cellulose while used individully. The elemental analysis and IR data were used to determine the composition of grafted copolymers and reactivity ratios (r1, r2) of the monomers using the Mayo and Lewis method. The reactivity ratios for acrylontrile and ethyl methacrylate have been found to be 0.68 and 1.15, respectively, which supported the alternate arrangement of the monomer blocks of individual monomers in the grafted chains. The rate of graf...
K C Gupta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate comonomers on cellulose using ceric ions
Biomacromolecules, 2001Co-Authors: K C Gupta, Sujata SahooAbstract:The graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate from their binary mixtures onto cellulose has been carried out in the presence of Ce(IV) ions in acidic media at 30 +/- 0.1 degrees C. The graft copolymerization has shown an increasing trend on increasing the feed molarity of the comonomers and on increasing the reaction time. The analysis of grafted cellulose prepared with different feed compositions (f(AN)) has clearly indicated the existence of the synergistic effect of ethyl methacrylate on Acrylonitrile which normally shows poor affinity for grafting on cellulose while used individually. The elemental analysis and IR data were used to determine the composition of grafted copolymers and reactivity ratios (r(1), r(2)) of the monomers using the Mayo and Lewis method. The reactivity ratios for acrylontrile and ethyl methacrylate have been found to be 0.68 and 1.15, respectively, which supported the alternate arrangement of the monomer blocks of individual monomers in the grafted chains. The rate of grafting has shown a square dependence on the concentration of the comonomers within the studied range of feed molarity from 0.5 to 2.5 mol dm(-3). The grafting data were used to calculate the number of grafted chains (N(g)), frequency of grafting (G(F)) per molecule of the cellulose and efficiency of grafting (G(E)). The variation in these parameters as a function of feed molarity, feed composition, and ceric ion concentration has been determined. The rate of ceric ion disappearance as a function of feed molarity and reaction time has provided strong support to consider the participation of ceric ions in the formation of free radicals at the backbone of the cellulose. On the basis of the experimental observations, reaction steps for grafting of monomers on cellulose have been proposed.
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graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate comonomers on cellulose using ceric ions
Biomacromolecules, 2001Co-Authors: K C Gupta, Sujata SahooAbstract:The graft copolymerization of Acrylonitrile and ethyl methacrylate from their binary mixtures onto cellulose has been carried out in the presence of Ce(IV) ions in acidic media at 30 ± 0.1 °C. The graft copolymerization has shown an increasing trend on increasing the feed molarity of the comonomers and on increasing the reaction time. The analysis of grafted cellulose prepared with different feed compositions (fAN) has clearly indicated the existence of the synergistic effect of ethyl methacrylate on Acrylonitrile which normally shows poor affinity for grafting on cellulose while used individully. The elemental analysis and IR data were used to determine the composition of grafted copolymers and reactivity ratios (r1, r2) of the monomers using the Mayo and Lewis method. The reactivity ratios for acrylontrile and ethyl methacrylate have been found to be 0.68 and 1.15, respectively, which supported the alternate arrangement of the monomer blocks of individual monomers in the grafted chains. The rate of graf...
Ke Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hydrothermal alkaline conversion of actual Acrylonitrile wastewater to organic acids
Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2020Co-Authors: Zheng Shen, Ke Wang, Jia Miao, Chang Yue, Meng Xia, Yalei ZhangAbstract:Abstract Acrylonitrile wastewater is a kind of highly toxic industrial wastewater, but it contains a lot of valuable chemical materials. In this study, by using the most promising hydrothermal technology, we investigated the best reaction conditions and possible reaction pathways for the conversion of the three nitriles (Acrylonitrile, acetonitrile, and succinonitrile) to organic acids under alkaline hydrothermal conditions. Then, the reaction conditions for the conversion of actual Acrylonitrile wastewater to organic acids were further optimized. The actual wastewater of Acrylonitrile was converted into 1.33 × 104 mg/L acrylic acid, 1.98 × 104 mg/L formic acid and 9.40 × 103 mg/L acetic acid at optimal reaction conditions (reaction temperature 300 °C, reaction time 90 s, and initial NaOH concentration 1.0 mol/L). It is the theoretical basis of the application of the hydrothermal alkali-catalyzed method in the Acrylonitrile wastewater resource engineering.
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An effective method and pathways of Acrylonitrile degradation to acrylic acid through an alkaline hydrothermal system
2017Co-Authors: Wenjie Dong, Boyu Peng, Ke Wang, Jia Miao, Wei Zhang, Yalei Zhang, Zheng ShenAbstract:Degradation of pollution for specific chemicals represents an optimal approach to high-strength wastewater treatment. One-pot selective conversion of Acrylonitrile to acrylic acid in a hydrothermal system with NaOH as a catalyst was carried out. The influence factors were evaluated, including initial Acrylonitrile concentration, reaction temperature, reaction time and amount of alkali. Experimental results showed that the highest yield of acrylic acid (55%) was obtained at the initial Acrylonitrile concentration of 3 × 103 mg/L, 300°C for 90 s with 1.0 M NaOH. To determine the reaction path, intermediates analysis and calculation of carbon and nitrogen balance were carried out by means of HPLC, GC and TOC/TN methods. Two probable reaction pathways were proposed as follows: (1) Acrylonitrile was hydrolyzed into acrylamide, and acrylic acid was obtained via further hydrolysis. (2) Acrylonitrile was converted into 3-hydroxy-propionitrile via additive reaction, and this product was readily converted to 3-hydroxy-propionic acid through two steps of hydrolysis, followed by dehydration reaction to produce acrylic acid. This study offered not only an efficient method to transfer highly toxic pollutants into valuable chemical, but also a better understanding of hydrothermal alkali catalytic reaction.
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comprehensive analysis of the toxic and refractory pollutants in Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene resin manufacturing wastewater by gas chromatography spectrometry with a mass or flame ionization detector
Journal of Chromatography A, 2012Co-Authors: Bo Lai, Yuexi Zhou, Ping Yang, Ke WangAbstract:Abstract Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) resin manufacturing wastewater is a complicated, toxic and refractory industrial wastewater. Comprehensive and accurate analysis of the typical pollutants in ABS resin manufacturing wastewater is critical to develop cost-effective wastewater treatment technologies. In this paper, a comprehensively qualitative analysis combined with three complementary methods has been developed for the detection of typical pollutants in ABS resin manufacturing wastewater from three production sections, and thirty-seven compounds had been detected and further confirmed by this analysis method with standards. Simultaneous chromatographic separation and quantification of seven representative pollutants, including three mononuclear aromatics, three Acrylonitrile dimers and one Acrylonitrile derivative, were achieved by GC–FID system. The detection limits of this method for seven representative pollutants were in the range of 0.007–0.89 mg/L. The within-day and between-day precisions of this method were less than 6.5% (RSD, n = 6). The recoveries of the representative pollutants reached 90–120%. The ABS resin manufacturing wastewater from E zone was successfully determined by this method, with two mononuclear aromatics and three Acrylonitrile dimers accounting for 57.73% and 40.63% of the selected seven compounds, respectively. These results reveal that the removal of mononuclear aromatics and Acrylonitrile dimers is a key to treat this wastewater.
