The Experts below are selected from a list of 599436 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruce E Logan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evaluation of low cost cathode materials for treatment of industrial and food processing Wastewater using microbial electrolysis cells
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2013Co-Authors: A Tenca, Roland D Cusick, Andrea Schievano, R Oberti, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Abstract Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) can be used to treat Wastewater and produce hydrogen gas, but low cost cathode catalysts are needed to make this approach economical. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) and stainless steel (SS) were evaluated as alternative cathode catalysts to platinum (Pt) in terms of treatment efficiency and energy recovery using actual Wastewaters. Two different types of Wastewaters were examined, a methanol-rich industrial (IN) Wastewater and a food processing (FP) Wastewater. The use of the MoS 2 catalyst generally resulted in better performance than the SS cathodes for both Wastewaters, although the use of the Pt catalyst provided the best performance in terms of biogas production, current density, and TCOD removal. Overall, the Wastewater composition was more of a factor than catalyst type for accomplishing overall treatment. The IN Wastewater had higher biogas production rates (0.8–1.8 m 3 /m 3 -d), and COD removal rates (1.8–2.8 kg-COD/m 3 -d) than the FP Wastewater. The overall energy recoveries were positive for the IN Wastewater (3.1–3.8 kWh/kg-COD removed), while the FP Wastewater required a net energy input of −0.7–−1.2 kWh/kg-COD using MoS 2 or Pt cathodes, and −3.1 kWh/kg-COD with SS. These results suggest that MoS 2 is the most suitable alternative to Pt as a cathode catalyst for Wastewater treatment using MECs, but that net energy recovery will be highly dependent on the specific Wastewater.
-
electricity generation and treatment of paper recycling Wastewater using a microbial fuel cell
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2008Co-Authors: Liping Huang, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Increased interest in sustainable agriculture and bio-based industries requires that we find more energy-efficient methods for treating cellulose-containing Wastewaters. We examined the effectiveness of simultaneous electricity production and treatment of a paper recycling plant Wastewater using microbial fuel cells. Treatment efficiency was limited by Wastewater conductivity. When a 50 mM phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 5.9 mS/cm) was added to the Wastewater, power densities reached 501 ± 20 mW/m2, with a coulombic efficiency of 16 ± 2%. There was efficient removal of soluble organic matter, with 73 ± 1% removed based on soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and only slightly greater total removal (76 ± 4%) based on total COD (TCOD) over a 500-h batch cycle. Cellulose was nearly completely removed (96 ± 1%) during treatment. Further increasing the conductivity (100 mM PBS) increased power to 672 ± 27 mW/m2. In contrast, only 144 ± 7 mW/m2 was produced using an unamended Wastewater (0.8 mS/cm) with TCOD, SCOD, and cellulose removals of 29 ± 1%, 51 ± 2%, and 16 ± 1% (350-h batch cycle). These results demonstrate limitations to treatment efficiencies with actual Wastewaters caused by solution conductivity compared to laboratory experiments under more optimal conditions.
-
electricity generation from swine Wastewater using microbial fuel cells
Water Research, 2005Co-Authors: Sang-eun Oh, John M Regan, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a new method for treating animal Wastewaters and simultaneously producing electricity. Preliminary tests using a two-chambered MFC with an aqueous cathode indicated that electricity could be generated from swine Wastewater containing 83207190 mg/L of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) (maximum power density of 45 mW/m 2 ). More extensive tests with a single-chambered air cathode MFC produced a maximum power density with the animal Wastewater of 261 mW/m 2 (200O resistor), which was 79% larger than that previously obtained with the same system using domestic Wastewater (14678 mW/m 2 ) due to the higher concentration of organic matter in the swine Wastewater. Power generation as a function of substrate concentration was modeled according to saturation kinetics, with a maximum power density of Pmax ¼ 225 mW=m 2 (fixed 1000O resistor) and half-saturation
-
Biohydrogen gas production from food processing and domestic Wastewaters
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2005Co-Authors: Steven W. Van Ginkel, Sang-eun Oh, Bruce E LoganAbstract:The food processing industry produces highly concentrated, carbohydrate-rich Wastewaters, but their potential for biological hydrogen production has not been extensively studied. Wastewaters were obtained from four different food-processing industries that had chemical oxygen demands of 9 g/L (apple processing), 21 g/L (potato processing), and 0.6 and 20 g/L (confectioners A and B). Biogas produced from all four food processing Wastewaters consistently contained 60% hydrogen, with the balance as carbon dioxide. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals as a result of hydrogen gas production were generally in the range of 5-11%. Overall hydrogen gas conversions were 0.7-0.9 L-H2/L-Wastewater for the apple Wastewater, 0.1 L/L for Confectioner-A, 0.4-2.0 L/L for Confectioner B, and 2.1-2.8 L/L for the potato Wastewater. When nutrients were added to samples, there was a good correlation between hydrogen production and COD removal, with an average of 0.10±0.01L-H2/g-COD. However, hydrogen production could not be correlated to COD removal in the absence of nutrients or in more extensive in-plant tests at the potato processing facility. Gas produced by a domestic Wastewater sample (concentrated 25×) contained only 23±8% hydrogen, resulting in an estimated maximum production of only 0.01 L/L for the original, non-diluted Wastewater. Based on an observed hydrogen production yield from the effluent of the potato processing plant of 1.0 L-H2/L, and annual flows at the potato processing plant, it was estimated that if hydrogen gas was produced at this site it could be worth as much as $65,000/year. © 2004 International Association for Hydrogen Energy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
-
Hydrogen and electricity production from a food processing Wastewater using fermentation and microbial fuel cell technologies
Water Research, 2005Co-Authors: Sang-eun Oh, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Hydrogen can be produced from fermentation of sugars in Wastewaters, but much of the organic matter remains in solution. We demonstrate here that hydrogen production from a food processing Wastewater high in sugar can be linked to electricity generation using a microbial fuel cell (MFC) to achieve more effective Wastewater treatment. Grab samples were taken from: plant effluent at two different times during the day (Effluents 1 and 2; 735??15 and 3250??90 mg-COD/L), an equalization tank (Lagoon; 1670??50 mg-COD/L), and waste stream containing a high concentration of organic matter (Cereal; 8920??150 mg-COD/L). Hydrogen production from the Lagoon and effluent samples was low, with 64??16 mL of hydrogen per liter of Wastewater (mL/L) for Effluent 1, 21??18 mL/L for Effluent 2, and 16??2 mL/L for the Lagoon sample. There was substantially greater hydrogen production using the Cereal Wastewater (210??56 mL/L). Assuming a theoretical maximum yield of 4 mol of hydrogen per mol of glucose, hydrogen yields were 0.61-0.79 mol/mol for the Cereal Wastewater, and ranged from 1 to 2.52 mol/mol for the other samples. This suggests a strategy for hydrogen recovery from Wastewater based on targeting high-COD and high-sugar Wastewaters, recognizing that sugar content alone is an insufficient predictor of hydrogen yields. Preliminary tests with the Cereal Wastewater (diluted to 595 mg-COD/L) in a two-chambered MFC demonstrated a maximum of 81??7 mW/m2 (normalized to the anode surface area), or 25??2 mA per liter of Wastewater, and a final COD of
Antonis A. Zorpas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Testing an electrochemical method for treatment of textile dye Wastewater
Waste Management, 2000Co-Authors: A G Vlyssides, M Loizidoy, P.k Karlis, Danai Papaioannou, Antonis A. ZorpasAbstract:Wastewater from total dyeing and finishing stages (TDFW) and Wastewater only from dyeing stage (DW) from a Textile cellulosic reactive azo dyeing process were treated separately by an electrochemical method using Ti/Pt as anode and Stainless Steel 304 as cathode. In this technique, sodium chloride was used as an electrolyte and the mixture was passed through an electrolytic cell. Due to the strong oxidizing potential of the chemicals produced (chlorine, oxygen, hydroxyl radicals and other oxidants) the COD, BOD of the Wastewaters were substantially decreased using this electrochemical technique. A number of experiments were run in a batch 5 litre apparatus and the results of the electrochemical treatment on the two kinds of Wastewaters are reported here. The results indicate that the electrochemical method used is feasible for treatment of textile dyeing Wastewaters.
Elayne Emilia Santos Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Decolourisation effects of Vat Green 01 textile dye and textile Wastewater using H2O2/UV process
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Silvia Gabriela Schrank, Jean Nonato Ribeiro Dos Santos, Danillo Santos Souza, Elayne Emilia Santos SouzaAbstract:Wastewaters from textile industry contain various pollutants including a high content of organic matter, surfactants, additives and dyes. Dyes have obtained notoriety as hazardous substances, because most of them are toxic and considered to be resistant to biodegradation. Recently, advanced oxidation processes (AOP) have received considerable attention because it is possible to degrade organic compounds and colour from Wastewaters. The decolourisation of Vat Green 01 textile dyestuff and real textile Wastewater was investigated using UV radiation in the presence of H2O2 as function of pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration and dye concentration (in the study with the dyestuff). The results showed that the degradation increases as the initial H2O2 concentration increased up to a certain point at which hydrogen peroxide inhibited the Wastewater photolytic degradation. The decolourisation rate follows pseudo-first order kinetic with the respect to the dye concentration. ?? 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Deepak Pant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evaluation of bioelectrogenic potential of four industrial effluents as substrate for low cost microbial fuel cells operation
Environmental Engineering and Management Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Deepak Pant, Gilbert Van Bogaert, Yolanda Alvarezgallego, Ludo Diels, Karolien VanbroekhovenAbstract:Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), the bioelectrochemical devices for conversion of waste into electricity through bacterial metabolic activity can use substrates with different complexity and strength. Wastewaters with moderate to high organic content can be exploited as MFC substrates. In this study, four different industrial Wastewaters (from a chemical company, milk industry, soyabased food and soft-drink company and laundry) with different compositions were used as substrates in identical MFCs. In the design of MFC, carbon cloth was used as anode and low-cost carbon based, non-platinized electrode as air cathode. Anode and cathode were separated by an ion permeable membrane Zirfon , directly attached on the cathode. After initial operation with 10 mM acetate as substrate, the cells were switched to real industrial Wastewaters without pre-treatment. When operational, an electrochemically active biofilm and anode open circuit voltage (OCV) of -500 mV vs. Ag/AgCl. OCV was obtained which recovered after dropping in all cells, showing the ability of anodic bacteria to utilize industrial Wastewaters as substrate. A maximum power of 419 mW m-2 was obtained with milk industry Wastewater, while the electrodes in MFC with chemical industry Wastewater were corroded after few days of operation suggesting that every Wastewater is not suitable as substrate for electricity production and treatment in MFCs.
-
recent advances in the use of different substrates in microbial fuel cells toward Wastewater treatment and simultaneous energy recovery
Applied Energy, 2016Co-Authors: Prashant Pandey, Vikas Shinde, R L Deopurkar, Sharad P Kale, Sunil A Patil, Deepak PantAbstract:The interest in the use of electroactive microorganisms for different applications by means of bioelectrochemical systems (BES) has been constantly increasing since the last decade. The main application of BES among others, which has received a widespread attention and researched extensively, is the microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology that relies on the electrogenic nature of certain bacteria to simultaneously treat different Wastewaters and produce electric power. Various types of Wastewaters have been examined as substrates for feeding bacteria in MFCs. The number and complexity of Wastewaters have increased rapidly over the last few years thus necessitating the need for documenting this data further. This review provides a comprehensive and the state-of-the-art information on various Wastewater substrates that have been used in MFCs. The performance of different types (designs) of MFCs in terms of electric current and power outputs together with the Wastewater treatment efficiency in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and columbic efficiency (CE) is presented. Some of the challenges and future perspectives with regard to the energy recovery from Wastewaters using MFCs are briefly discussed.
-
food and agricultural wastes as substrates for bioelectrochemical system bes the synchronized recovery of sustainable energy and waste treatment
Food Research International, 2015Co-Authors: Ahmed Elmekawy, S Srikanth, Suman Bajracharya, Hanaa M Hegab, Poonam Singh Nee Nigam, Anoop Singh, S V Mohan, Deepak PantAbstract:Bioelectrochemical systems (BESs) are one of the recent promising technologies developed for their multi-faceted applications such as bioenergy generation, Wastewater treatment and synthesis of value added chemicals. Among these applications, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for Wastewater treatment with simultaneous power generation are being widely studied, while the other applications are gaining prominence very recently. A wide range of Wastewaters, ranging from domestic to industrial origin, were studied for their potential of power generation in MFCs with their simultaneous treatment. Though, some reviews have been published in the direction of consolidating the data of different Wastewaters used as substrates in MFC, detailed review pertaining to the food and agriculture based Wastewater was not yet reported. Considering the hidden potential of food and agricultural Wastewater, this review article provides a comprehensive view on the MFC research related to these types Wastewater. Major bottlenecks in enhancing the power output and treatment efficiencies along with the future directions were also discussed.
T Viraraghavan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Decolorization of dye Wastewaters by biosorbents: A review
Journal of Environmental Management, 2010Co-Authors: Asha Srinivasan, T ViraraghavanAbstract:Dye Wastewater is one of the most difficult to treat. There has been exhaustive research on biosorption of dye Wastewater. It is evolving as an attractive option to supplement conventional treatment processes. This paper examines various biosorbents such as fungi, bacteria, algae, chitosan and peat, which are capable of decolorizing dye Wastewaters; discusses various mechanism involved, the effects of various factors influencing dye Wastewater decolorization and reviews pretreatment methods for increasing the biosorption capacity of the adsorbents. The paper examines the mismatch between strong scientific progress in the field of biosorption and lack of commercialization of research. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd.
