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Yuliya E. Pushkareva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah Voisin, João Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Paweł Cięszczyk, Myosotis Massidda, Carla Maria Calò, Dmitry A. Dyatlov, Vitaliy A. Kolupaev, Yuliya E. PushkarevaAbstract:Skeletal muscle strength and mass, major contributors to sprint/power athletic performance, are influenced by genetics. However, to date, only a handful of genetic variants have been associated with sprint/power performance. The ACVR1B A allele (rs rs2854464) has previously been associated with increased muscle-strength in non-athletic cohort. However, no follow-up and/or replications studies have since been conducted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the genotype distribution of ACVR1B rs2854464 between endurance athletes (E), sprint/power (S/P) athletes, mixed athletes (M), and non-athletic control participants in 1672 athletes (endurance athletes, n = 482; sprint/power athletes, n = 578; mixed athletes, n = 498) and 1089 controls (C) of both European Caucasians (Italian, Polish and Russians) and Brazilians. We have also compared the genotype distribution according to the athlete’s level of competition (elite vs. sub-elite). DNA extraction and genotyping were performed using various methods. Fisher's exact test (adjusted for multiple comparisons) was used to test whether the genotype distribution of rs2854464 (AA, AG and GG) differs between groups. The A allele was overrepresented in S/P athletes compared with C in the Caucasian sample (adjusted p = 0.048), whereas there were no differences in genotype distribution between E athletes and C, in neither the Brazilian nor the Caucasian samples (adjusted p > 0.05). When comparing all Caucasian athletes regardless of their sporting discipline to C, we found that the A allele was overrepresented in athletes compared to C (adjusted p = 0.024). This association was even more pronounced when only elite-level athletes were considered (adjusted p = 0.00017). In conclusion, in a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America we have shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes. This reinforces the notion that phenotype-genotype associations may be ethnicity-dependent.
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ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with sprint power athletic status in a large cohort of europeans but not brazilians
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah Voisin, João Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Myosotis Massidda, Carla Maria Calò, Dmitry A. Dyatlov, Vitaliy A. Kolupaev, Pawel Cieszczyk, Yuliya E. PushkarevaAbstract:Skeletal muscle strength and mass, major contributors to sprint/power athletic performance, are influenced by genetics. However, to date, only a handful of genetic variants have been associated with sprint/power performance. The ACVR1B A allele (rs rs2854464) has previously been associated with increased muscle-strength in non-athletic cohort. However, no follow-up and/or replications studies have since been conducted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the genotype distribution of ACVR1B rs2854464 between endurance athletes (E), sprint/power (S/P) athletes, mixed athletes (M), and non-athletic control participants in 1672 athletes (endurance athletes, n = 482; sprint/power athletes, n = 578; mixed athletes, n = 498) and 1089 controls (C) of both European Caucasians (Italian, Polish and Russians) and Brazilians. We have also compared the genotype distribution according to the athlete’s level of competition (elite vs. sub-elite). DNA extraction and genotyping were performed using various methods. Fisher's exact test (adjusted for multiple comparisons) was used to test whether the genotype distribution of rs2854464 (AA, AG and GG) differs between groups. The A allele was overrepresented in S/P athletes compared with C in the Caucasian sample (adjusted p = 0.048), whereas there were no differences in genotype distribution between E athletes and C, in neither the Brazilian nor the Caucasian samples (adjusted p > 0.05). When comparing all Caucasian athletes regardless of their sporting discipline to C, we found that the A allele was overrepresented in athletes compared to C (adjusted p = 0.024). This association was even more pronounced when only elite-level athletes were considered (adjusted p = 0.00017). In conclusion, in a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America we have shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes. This reinforces the notion that phenotype-genotype associations may be ethnicity-dependent.
Colin Neil Moran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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P-87 ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with quantitative measures of strength/power in lithuanian athletes and controls
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Kate Shone, Aidan Innes, Audrius Kilikevicius, Birute Statkeviciene, Arvydas Stasiulis, Gediminas Mamkus, Dalia Malkova, Mark E.s. Bailey, Tomas Venckunas, Colin Neil MoranAbstract:Genetic variation is known to account for a large portion of the variation in muscle mass and strength/power in humans. However, few polymorphisms have been conclusively linked with these phenotypes. The myostatin signalling pathway is a source of potential candidates due to its involvement in muscle growth. Variation in myostatin itself has been shown to relate to muscle mass in humans; however, myostatin variation is rare in humans. Other studies have related variation in ACVR1B, a component of the myostatin signalling pathway, to strength/power phenotypes or to athlete status. However, this work still needs replication in large well phenotyped cohorts containing elite athletes. This study aims to replicate previous studies on the relationship between variation in the ACVR1B (rs2854464) G/A polymorphism and strength/power related phenotypes in well phenotyped Lithuanian athletes and controls. Participants DNA samples were from the GELAK cohort. This is comprised of 407 Lithuanians: 84 endurance athletes (END), 126 sprint-strength-power (SSP) and 197 controls (CON). Phenotypes related to stature (height, body mass, BMI), strength (isokinetic peak torque in left and right legs at 30 degrees per second), power (Wingate) and speed (30 m sprint). Genotypes were determined using bespoke RFLPs. Genotype distributions were compared by Chi squared. Odds ratios are reported as mean (lower to upper 95% confidence limits). Associations were established using GLM-ANOVA in Minitab. All GLM analyses were corrected for athlete group and age in months. The control sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies were similar to those reported in 1000 Genomes database. ACVR1B rs2854464 genotype distributions differed between SSP v END (p = 0.015) groups only. AA homozygotes were 2.16 (1.22 to 3.81) times more likely to be END than SSP (p = 0.007). After correction for age and athlete group, ACVR1B rs2854464 variation associated with body mass (p = 0.042, V = 1.36%), BMI (p = 0.016, V = 1.76%) and Wingate total anaerobic work (p = 0.021, V = 1.72%) but not with height, isokinetic peak torque, Wingate peak power or 30 m sprint speed. In all significant relationships, AA homozygotes were significantly weaker than GA heterozygotes. Variation in ACVR1B rs2854464 differs between endurance and strength athletes. It also relates to body mass and quantitative measurements of muscle function. However, in contrast to previous work, carriers of the A-allele are less likely to be strength/power athletes and even after correction for age and athlete group, carriers of the A-allele are still likely to have lower body mass and have lower capacity for anaerobic work. References Windelinckx, et al. (2011) Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene. Eur J Hum Gen19:208–215. Voisin, et al. (2016) ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS One11(6):e0156316.
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p 87 ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with quantitative measures of strength power in lithuanian athletes and controls
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Kate Shone, Aidan Innes, Audrius Kilikevicius, Birute Statkeviciene, Arvydas Stasiulis, Gediminas Mamkus, Dalia Malkova, Mark E.s. Bailey, Tomas Venckunas, Colin Neil MoranAbstract:Genetic variation is known to account for a large portion of the variation in muscle mass and strength/power in humans. However, few polymorphisms have been conclusively linked with these phenotypes. The myostatin signalling pathway is a source of potential candidates due to its involvement in muscle growth. Variation in myostatin itself has been shown to relate to muscle mass in humans; however, myostatin variation is rare in humans. Other studies have related variation in ACVR1B, a component of the myostatin signalling pathway, to strength/power phenotypes or to athlete status. However, this work still needs replication in large well phenotyped cohorts containing elite athletes. This study aims to replicate previous studies on the relationship between variation in the ACVR1B (rs2854464) G/A polymorphism and strength/power related phenotypes in well phenotyped Lithuanian athletes and controls. Participants DNA samples were from the GELAK cohort. This is comprised of 407 Lithuanians: 84 endurance athletes (END), 126 sprint-strength-power (SSP) and 197 controls (CON). Phenotypes related to stature (height, body mass, BMI), strength (isokinetic peak torque in left and right legs at 30 degrees per second), power (Wingate) and speed (30 m sprint). Genotypes were determined using bespoke RFLPs. Genotype distributions were compared by Chi squared. Odds ratios are reported as mean (lower to upper 95% confidence limits). Associations were established using GLM-ANOVA in Minitab. All GLM analyses were corrected for athlete group and age in months. The control sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies were similar to those reported in 1000 Genomes database. ACVR1B rs2854464 genotype distributions differed between SSP v END (p = 0.015) groups only. AA homozygotes were 2.16 (1.22 to 3.81) times more likely to be END than SSP (p = 0.007). After correction for age and athlete group, ACVR1B rs2854464 variation associated with body mass (p = 0.042, V = 1.36%), BMI (p = 0.016, V = 1.76%) and Wingate total anaerobic work (p = 0.021, V = 1.72%) but not with height, isokinetic peak torque, Wingate peak power or 30 m sprint speed. In all significant relationships, AA homozygotes were significantly weaker than GA heterozygotes. Variation in ACVR1B rs2854464 differs between endurance and strength athletes. It also relates to body mass and quantitative measurements of muscle function. However, in contrast to previous work, carriers of the A-allele are less likely to be strength/power athletes and even after correction for age and athlete group, carriers of the A-allele are still likely to have lower body mass and have lower capacity for anaerobic work. References Windelinckx, et al. (2011) Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene. Eur J Hum Gen19:208–215. Voisin, et al. (2016) ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS One11(6):e0156316.
Sarah Voisin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah Voisin, João Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Paweł Cięszczyk, Myosotis Massidda, Carla Maria Calò, Dmitry A. Dyatlov, Vitaliy A. Kolupaev, Yuliya E. PushkarevaAbstract:Skeletal muscle strength and mass, major contributors to sprint/power athletic performance, are influenced by genetics. However, to date, only a handful of genetic variants have been associated with sprint/power performance. The ACVR1B A allele (rs rs2854464) has previously been associated with increased muscle-strength in non-athletic cohort. However, no follow-up and/or replications studies have since been conducted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the genotype distribution of ACVR1B rs2854464 between endurance athletes (E), sprint/power (S/P) athletes, mixed athletes (M), and non-athletic control participants in 1672 athletes (endurance athletes, n = 482; sprint/power athletes, n = 578; mixed athletes, n = 498) and 1089 controls (C) of both European Caucasians (Italian, Polish and Russians) and Brazilians. We have also compared the genotype distribution according to the athlete’s level of competition (elite vs. sub-elite). DNA extraction and genotyping were performed using various methods. Fisher's exact test (adjusted for multiple comparisons) was used to test whether the genotype distribution of rs2854464 (AA, AG and GG) differs between groups. The A allele was overrepresented in S/P athletes compared with C in the Caucasian sample (adjusted p = 0.048), whereas there were no differences in genotype distribution between E athletes and C, in neither the Brazilian nor the Caucasian samples (adjusted p > 0.05). When comparing all Caucasian athletes regardless of their sporting discipline to C, we found that the A allele was overrepresented in athletes compared to C (adjusted p = 0.024). This association was even more pronounced when only elite-level athletes were considered (adjusted p = 0.00017). In conclusion, in a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America we have shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes. This reinforces the notion that phenotype-genotype associations may be ethnicity-dependent.
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ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with sprint power athletic status in a large cohort of europeans but not brazilians
PLOS ONE, 2016Co-Authors: Sarah Voisin, João Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Myosotis Massidda, Carla Maria Calò, Dmitry A. Dyatlov, Vitaliy A. Kolupaev, Pawel Cieszczyk, Yuliya E. PushkarevaAbstract:Skeletal muscle strength and mass, major contributors to sprint/power athletic performance, are influenced by genetics. However, to date, only a handful of genetic variants have been associated with sprint/power performance. The ACVR1B A allele (rs rs2854464) has previously been associated with increased muscle-strength in non-athletic cohort. However, no follow-up and/or replications studies have since been conducted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the genotype distribution of ACVR1B rs2854464 between endurance athletes (E), sprint/power (S/P) athletes, mixed athletes (M), and non-athletic control participants in 1672 athletes (endurance athletes, n = 482; sprint/power athletes, n = 578; mixed athletes, n = 498) and 1089 controls (C) of both European Caucasians (Italian, Polish and Russians) and Brazilians. We have also compared the genotype distribution according to the athlete’s level of competition (elite vs. sub-elite). DNA extraction and genotyping were performed using various methods. Fisher's exact test (adjusted for multiple comparisons) was used to test whether the genotype distribution of rs2854464 (AA, AG and GG) differs between groups. The A allele was overrepresented in S/P athletes compared with C in the Caucasian sample (adjusted p = 0.048), whereas there were no differences in genotype distribution between E athletes and C, in neither the Brazilian nor the Caucasian samples (adjusted p > 0.05). When comparing all Caucasian athletes regardless of their sporting discipline to C, we found that the A allele was overrepresented in athletes compared to C (adjusted p = 0.024). This association was even more pronounced when only elite-level athletes were considered (adjusted p = 0.00017). In conclusion, in a relatively large cohort of athletes from Europe and South America we have shown that the ACVR1B rs2854464 A allele is associated with sprint/power performance in Caucasians but not in Brazilian athletes. This reinforces the notion that phenotype-genotype associations may be ethnicity-dependent.
Philip G. Knight - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Myostatin is expressed in bovine ovarian follicles and modulates granulosal and thecal steroidogenesis.
Reproduction, 2018Co-Authors: Warakorn Cheewasopit, Claire Glister, Mhairi Laird, Philip G. KnightAbstract:: Myostatin plays a negative role in skeletal muscle growth regulation but its potential role in the ovary has received little attention. Here, we first examined relative expression of myostatin (MSTN), myostatin receptors (ACVR1B, ACVR2B and TGFBR1) and binding protein, follistatin (FST), in granulosa (GC) and theca (TC) cells of developing bovine follicles. Secondly, using primary GC and TC cultures, we investigated whether myostatin affects steroidogenesis and cell number. Thirdly, effects of gonadotropins and other intrafollicular factors on MSTN expression in GC and TC were examined. MSTN, ACVR1B, TGFBR1, ACVR2B and FST mRNA was detected in both GC and TC at all follicle stages. Immunohistochemistry confirmed follicular expression of myostatin protein. Interestingly, MSTN mRNA expression was lowest in GC of large oestrogen-active follicles whilst GC FST expression was maximal at this stage. In GC, myostatin increased basal CYP19A1 expression and oestradiol secretion whilst decreasing basal and FSH-induced HSD3B1 expression and progesterone secretion and increasing cell number. Myostatin also reduced IGF-induced progesterone secretion. FSH and dihydrotestosterone had no effect on granulosal MSTN expression whilst insulin-like growth factor and tumour necrosis factor-alpha suppressed MSTN level. In TC, myostatin suppressed basal and LH-stimulated androgen secretion in a follistatin-reversible manner and increased cell number, without affecting progesterone secretion. LH reduced thecal MSTN expression whilst BMP6 had no effect. Collectively, results indicate that, in addition to being potentially responsive to muscle-derived myostatin from the circulation, myostatin may have an intraovarian autocrine/paracrine role to modulate thecal and granulosal steroidogenesis and cell proliferation/survival.
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changes in expression of bone morphogenetic proteins bmps their receptors and inhibin co receptor betaglycan during bovine antral follicle development inhibin can antagonize the suppressive effect of bmps on thecal androgen production
Reproduction, 2010Co-Authors: Claire Glister, Leanne Satchell, Philip G. KnightAbstract:We reported previously that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) potently suppress CYP17 expression and androgen production by bovine theca interna cells (TC) in vitro. In this study, real-time PCR was used to analyse gene expression in TC and granulosa cell (GC) layers from developing bovine antral follicles (1-18 mm). Abundance of mRNA transcripts for four BMPs (BMP2, BMP4, BMP6, and BMP7) and associated type I (BMPR1A, BMPR1B, ACVR1 and ACVR1B) and type II (BMPR2, ACVR2A and ACVR2B) receptors showed relatively modest, though significant, changes during follicle development. BMP2 was selectively expressed in GC, while BMP6, BMP7 and betaglycan (TGFBR3) were more abundant in TC. Abundance of betaglycan mRNA (inhibin co-receptor) in TC increased progressively (fivefold; P 200-fold (P<0.001), while co-treatment with inhibin-A reversed the suppressive action of BMP in each case (P<0.001). Results support a physiological role for granulosa-derived inhibin as an antagonist of BMP action on thecal androgen synthesis. A shift in intrafollicular balance between thecal BMP signalling (inhibitory for androgen synthesis) and betaglycan-dependent inhibin signalling (stimulatory for androgen synthesis) accords with the physiological requirement to deliver an adequate supply of aromatase substrate to GC of developing follicles.
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Changes in expression of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), their receptors and inhibin co-receptor betaglycan during bovine antral follicle development: inhibin can antagonize the suppressive effect of BMPs on thecal androgen production.
Reproduction, 2010Co-Authors: Claire Glister, Leanne Satchell, Philip G. KnightAbstract:: We reported previously that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) potently suppress CYP17 expression and androgen production by bovine theca interna cells (TC) in vitro. In this study, real-time PCR was used to analyse gene expression in TC and granulosa cell (GC) layers from developing bovine antral follicles (1-18 mm). Abundance of mRNA transcripts for four BMPs (BMP2, BMP4, BMP6, and BMP7) and associated type I (BMPR1A, BMPR1B, ACVR1 and ACVR1B) and type II (BMPR2, ACVR2A and ACVR2B) receptors showed relatively modest, though significant, changes during follicle development. BMP2 was selectively expressed in GC, while BMP6, BMP7 and betaglycan (TGFBR3) were more abundant in TC. Abundance of betaglycan mRNA (inhibin co-receptor) in TC increased progressively (fivefold; P 200-fold (P
Kate Shone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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P-87 ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with quantitative measures of strength/power in lithuanian athletes and controls
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Kate Shone, Aidan Innes, Audrius Kilikevicius, Birute Statkeviciene, Arvydas Stasiulis, Gediminas Mamkus, Dalia Malkova, Mark E.s. Bailey, Tomas Venckunas, Colin Neil MoranAbstract:Genetic variation is known to account for a large portion of the variation in muscle mass and strength/power in humans. However, few polymorphisms have been conclusively linked with these phenotypes. The myostatin signalling pathway is a source of potential candidates due to its involvement in muscle growth. Variation in myostatin itself has been shown to relate to muscle mass in humans; however, myostatin variation is rare in humans. Other studies have related variation in ACVR1B, a component of the myostatin signalling pathway, to strength/power phenotypes or to athlete status. However, this work still needs replication in large well phenotyped cohorts containing elite athletes. This study aims to replicate previous studies on the relationship between variation in the ACVR1B (rs2854464) G/A polymorphism and strength/power related phenotypes in well phenotyped Lithuanian athletes and controls. Participants DNA samples were from the GELAK cohort. This is comprised of 407 Lithuanians: 84 endurance athletes (END), 126 sprint-strength-power (SSP) and 197 controls (CON). Phenotypes related to stature (height, body mass, BMI), strength (isokinetic peak torque in left and right legs at 30 degrees per second), power (Wingate) and speed (30 m sprint). Genotypes were determined using bespoke RFLPs. Genotype distributions were compared by Chi squared. Odds ratios are reported as mean (lower to upper 95% confidence limits). Associations were established using GLM-ANOVA in Minitab. All GLM analyses were corrected for athlete group and age in months. The control sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies were similar to those reported in 1000 Genomes database. ACVR1B rs2854464 genotype distributions differed between SSP v END (p = 0.015) groups only. AA homozygotes were 2.16 (1.22 to 3.81) times more likely to be END than SSP (p = 0.007). After correction for age and athlete group, ACVR1B rs2854464 variation associated with body mass (p = 0.042, V = 1.36%), BMI (p = 0.016, V = 1.76%) and Wingate total anaerobic work (p = 0.021, V = 1.72%) but not with height, isokinetic peak torque, Wingate peak power or 30 m sprint speed. In all significant relationships, AA homozygotes were significantly weaker than GA heterozygotes. Variation in ACVR1B rs2854464 differs between endurance and strength athletes. It also relates to body mass and quantitative measurements of muscle function. However, in contrast to previous work, carriers of the A-allele are less likely to be strength/power athletes and even after correction for age and athlete group, carriers of the A-allele are still likely to have lower body mass and have lower capacity for anaerobic work. References Windelinckx, et al. (2011) Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene. Eur J Hum Gen19:208–215. Voisin, et al. (2016) ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS One11(6):e0156316.
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p 87 ACVR1B rs2854464 is associated with quantitative measures of strength power in lithuanian athletes and controls
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Kate Shone, Aidan Innes, Audrius Kilikevicius, Birute Statkeviciene, Arvydas Stasiulis, Gediminas Mamkus, Dalia Malkova, Mark E.s. Bailey, Tomas Venckunas, Colin Neil MoranAbstract:Genetic variation is known to account for a large portion of the variation in muscle mass and strength/power in humans. However, few polymorphisms have been conclusively linked with these phenotypes. The myostatin signalling pathway is a source of potential candidates due to its involvement in muscle growth. Variation in myostatin itself has been shown to relate to muscle mass in humans; however, myostatin variation is rare in humans. Other studies have related variation in ACVR1B, a component of the myostatin signalling pathway, to strength/power phenotypes or to athlete status. However, this work still needs replication in large well phenotyped cohorts containing elite athletes. This study aims to replicate previous studies on the relationship between variation in the ACVR1B (rs2854464) G/A polymorphism and strength/power related phenotypes in well phenotyped Lithuanian athletes and controls. Participants DNA samples were from the GELAK cohort. This is comprised of 407 Lithuanians: 84 endurance athletes (END), 126 sprint-strength-power (SSP) and 197 controls (CON). Phenotypes related to stature (height, body mass, BMI), strength (isokinetic peak torque in left and right legs at 30 degrees per second), power (Wingate) and speed (30 m sprint). Genotypes were determined using bespoke RFLPs. Genotype distributions were compared by Chi squared. Odds ratios are reported as mean (lower to upper 95% confidence limits). Associations were established using GLM-ANOVA in Minitab. All GLM analyses were corrected for athlete group and age in months. The control sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies were similar to those reported in 1000 Genomes database. ACVR1B rs2854464 genotype distributions differed between SSP v END (p = 0.015) groups only. AA homozygotes were 2.16 (1.22 to 3.81) times more likely to be END than SSP (p = 0.007). After correction for age and athlete group, ACVR1B rs2854464 variation associated with body mass (p = 0.042, V = 1.36%), BMI (p = 0.016, V = 1.76%) and Wingate total anaerobic work (p = 0.021, V = 1.72%) but not with height, isokinetic peak torque, Wingate peak power or 30 m sprint speed. In all significant relationships, AA homozygotes were significantly weaker than GA heterozygotes. Variation in ACVR1B rs2854464 differs between endurance and strength athletes. It also relates to body mass and quantitative measurements of muscle function. However, in contrast to previous work, carriers of the A-allele are less likely to be strength/power athletes and even after correction for age and athlete group, carriers of the A-allele are still likely to have lower body mass and have lower capacity for anaerobic work. References Windelinckx, et al. (2011) Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene. Eur J Hum Gen19:208–215. Voisin, et al. (2016) ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS One11(6):e0156316.