The Experts below are selected from a list of 6111 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jan Klimas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
closing the gap between training needs and training provision in Addiction Medicine
BJPsych International, 2020Co-Authors: Sidharth Arya, Jan Klimas, Mirjana Delic, Blanca Iciar Indave Ruiz, Duccio Papanti, Anton Stepanov, Victoria Cock, Dzmitry KrupchankaAbstract:Substance use disorders pose a significant global social and economic burden. Although effective interventions exist, treatment coverage remains limited. The lack of an adequately trained workforce is one of the prominent reasons. Recent initiatives have been taken worldwide to improve training, but further efforts are required to build curricula that are internationally applicable. We believe that the training needs of professionals in the area have not yet been explored in sufficient detail. We propose that a peer-led survey to assess those needs, using a standardised structured tool, would help to overcome this deficiency. The findings from such a survey could be used to develop a core set of competencies which is sufficiently flexible in its implementation to address the specific needs of the wide range of professionals working in Addiction Medicine worldwide.
-
development and evaluation of the online Addiction Medicine certificate free novel program in a canadian setting
JMIR Medical Education, 2019Co-Authors: Lauren Gorfinkel, Evan Wood, Jan Klimas, Amanda Giesler, Huiru Dong, Nadia FairbairnAbstract:Background: Despite the enormous burden of disease attributable to drug and alcohol Addiction, there remain major challenges in implementing evidence-based Addiction care and treatment modalities. This is partly because of a persistent lack of accessible, specialized training in Addiction Medicine. In response, a new online certificate in Addiction Medicine has been established in Vancouver, Canada, free of charge to participants globally. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and examine changes in knowledge acquisition among health care professionals before and after the completion of an online certificate in Addiction Medicine. Methods: Learners enrolled in a 17-module certificate program and completed pre- and postknowledge tests using online multiple-choice questionnaires. Knowledge acquisition was then evaluated using a repeated measures t test of mean test scores before and after the online course. Following the certificate completion, a subset of learners completed the online course evaluation form. Results: Of the total 6985 participants who registered for the online course between May 15, 2017 and February 22, 2018, 3466 (49.62%) completed the online pretest questionnaire. A total of 1010 participants completed the full course, achieving the required 70% scores. TThe participants self-reported working in a broad range of health-related fields, including nursing (n=371), Medicine (n=92), counseling or social work (n=69), community health (n=44), and pharmacy (n=34). The median graduation year was 2010 (n=363, interquartile range 2002-2015). Knowledge of the Addiction Medicine increased significantly postcertificate (mean difference 28.21; 95% CI 27.32 to 29.10; P<.001). Physicians scored significantly higher on the pretest than any other health discipline, whereas the greatest improvement in scores was seen in the counseling professions and community outreach. Conclusions: This free, online, open-access certificate in Addiction Medicine appeared to improve knowledge of learners from a variety of disciplines and backgrounds. Scaling up low threshold learning opportunities may further advance Addiction Medicine training, thereby helping to narrow the evidence-to-practice gap.
-
in hospital training in Addiction Medicine a mixed methods study of health care provider benefits and differences
Substance Abuse, 2019Co-Authors: Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Lauren Gorfinkel, Huiru Dong, Breanne ReelAbstract:AbstractBackground: Hospital-based clinical Addiction Medicine training can improve knowledge of clinical care for substance-using populations. However, application of structured, self-assessment t...
-
excellent reliability and validity of the Addiction Medicine training need assessment scale across four countries
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2019Co-Authors: Cor A J De Jong, Walter Cullen, Jan Klimas, W Lucas J Pinxten, Efi Fitriana, Helen Tobin, Tomas Barry, Darius Jokubonis, Ramune MazaliauskieneAbstract:Abstract Background Addiction is a context specific but common and devastating condition. Though several evidence-based treatments are available, many of them remain under-utilized, among others due to the lack of adequate training in Addiction Medicine (AM). AM Training needs may differ across countries because of difference in discipline and level of prior AM training or contextual factors like epidemiology and availability of treatment. For appropriate testing of training needs, reliability and validity are key issues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the AM-TNA Scale: an instrument specifically designed to develop the competence-based curriculum of the Indonesian AM course. Methods In a cross-sectional study in Indonesia, Ireland, Lithuania and the Netherlands the AM-TNA was distributed among a convenience sample of health professionals working in Addiction care in The Netherlands, Lithuania, Indonesia and General Practitioners in-training in Ireland. 428 respondents completed the AM-TNA scale. To assess the factor structure, we used explorative factor analysis. Reliability was tested using Cronbach's Alpha, ANOVA determined the discriminative validity. Results Validity: factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure: One on providing direct patient treatment and care (Factor 1: clinical) and one factor on facilitating/supporting direct patient treatment and care (Factor 2: non-clinical) AM competencies and a cumulative 76% explained variance. Reliability: Factor 1 α = 0.983 and Factor 2: α = 0.956, while overall reliability was (α = 0.986). The AM-TNA was able to differentiate training needs across groups of AM professionals on all 30 Addiction Medicine competencies (P = .001). Conclusions In our study the AM-TNA scale had a strong two-factor structure and proofed to be a reliable and valid instrument. The next step should be the testing external validity, strengthening discriminant validity and assessing the re-test effect and measuring changes over time.
-
barriers and facilitators to implementing Addiction Medicine fellowships a qualitative study with fellows medical students residents and preceptors
Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 2017Co-Authors: Walter Cullen, Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Annabel Mead, Will Small, Launette RiebAbstract:Although progress in science has driven advances in Addiction Medicine, this subject has not been adequately taught to medical trainees and physicians. As a result, there has been poor integration of evidence-based practices in Addiction Medicine into physician training which has impeded Addiction treatment and care. Recently, a number of training initiatives have emerged internationally, including the Addiction Medicine fellowships in Vancouver, Canada. This study was undertaken to examine barriers and facilitators of implementing Addiction Medicine fellowships. We interviewed trainees and faculty from clinical and research training programmes in Addiction Medicine at St Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada (N = 26) about barriers and facilitators to implementation of physician training in Addiction Medicine. We included medical students, residents, fellows and supervising physicians from a variety of specialities. We analysed interview transcripts thematically by using NVivo software. We identified six domains relating to training implementation: (1) organisational, (2) structural, (3) teacher, (4) learner, (5) patient and (6) community related variables either hindered or fostered Addiction Medicine education, depending on context. Human resources, variety of rotations, peer support and mentoring fostered implementation of Addiction training. Money, time and space limitations hindered implementation. Participant accounts underscored how faculty and staff facilitated the implementation of both the clinical and the research training. Implementation of Addiction Medicine fellowships appears feasible, although a number of barriers exist. Research into factors within the local/practice environment that shape delivery of education to ensure consistent and quality education scale-up is a priority.
Hamed Ekhtiari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
covid 19 and substance use disorders recommendations to a comprehensive healthcare response an international society of Addiction Medicine isam practice and policy interest group position paper
Basic and clinical neuroscience, 2020Co-Authors: Ali Farhoudian, Hamed Ekhtiari, Azarkhsh Mokri, Alex Baldacchino, Nicolas Clark, Gilberto Gerra, Geert Dom, Mandana Sadeghi, Pardris Nematollahi, Maryanne DemasiAbstract:Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is escalating all over the world and has higher morbidities and mortalities in certain vulnerable populations. People Who Use Drugs (PWUD) are a marginalized and stigmatized group with weaker immunity responses, vulnerability to stress, poor health conditions, high-risk behaviors, and lower access to health care services. These conditions put them at a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and its complications. In this paper, an international group of experts on Addiction Medicine, infectious diseases, and disaster psychiatry explore the possible raised concerns in this issue and provide recommendations to manage the comorbidity of COVID-19 and Substance Use Disorder (SUD).
-
Clinical translation and implementation neuroscience for novel cognitive interventions in Addiction Medicine
Cognition and Addiction, 2020Co-Authors: Tara Rezapour, Robin L. Aupperle, Martin P. Paulus, Hamed EkhtiariAbstract:Abstract Neuroscience-informed interventions that specifically target cognitive functions may offer a novel strategy for improving outcomes in Addiction Medicine. As a burgeoning research area of interest, different cognitive interventions are being tested as an adjuvant to standard substance use treatment programs. Based on the underlying neural mechanism(s), these cognitive interventions could be classified into three groups: (1) psychoeducation and metacognitive training (targeting metacognition), (2) cognitive modifications (targeting bottom-up attentional/saliency processes), and (3) cognitive rehabilitation (targeting top-down cognitive control processes). In this chapter, we review different types of neuroscience-informed cognitive interventions that have been explored in research practices. Our aim is to (a) provide a neuroscience-informed conceptual framework depicting different neurocognitive targets for intervention, (b) highlight the importance of using a holistic therapeutic model in Addiction treatment to restore/empower optimum levels of various neurocognitive functions, and (c) to discuss the major concerns and limitations regarding implementation of neuroscience-informed cognitive interventions in the Addiction Medicine.
-
transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation tes and tms for Addiction Medicine a consensus paper on the present state of the science and the road ahead
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2019Co-Authors: Hamed Ekhtiari, Hosna Tavakoli, Giovanni Addolorato, Chris Baeken, Antonello Bonci, Salvatore Campanella, Luis Castelobranco, Gaelle Challetbouju, Vincent Vp Clark, Eric D ClausAbstract:There is growing interest in non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) as a novel treatment option for substance-use disorders (SUDs). Recent momentum stems from a foundation of preclinical neuroscience demonstrating links between neural circuits and drug consuming behavior, as well as recent FDA-approval of NIBS treatments for mental health disorders that share overlapping pathology with SUDs. As with any emerging field, enthusiasm must be tempered by reason; lessons learned from the past should be prudently applied to future therapies. Here, an international ensemble of experts provides an overview of the state of transcranial-electrical (tES) and transcranial-magnetic (TMS) stimulation applied in SUDs. This consensus paper provides a systematic literature review on published data - emphasizing the heterogeneity of methods and outcome measures while suggesting strategies to help bridge knowledge gaps. The goal of this effort is to provide the community with guidelines for best practices in tES/TMS SUD research. We hope this will accelerate the speed at which the community translates basic neuroscience into advanced neuromodulation tools for clinical practice in Addiction Medicine.
-
neuroscience informed psychoeducation for Addiction Medicine a neurocognitive perspective
Progress in Brain Research, 2017Co-Authors: Hamed Ekhtiari, Tara Rezapour, Robin L. Aupperle, Martin P. PaulusAbstract:Psychoeducation (PE) is defined as an intervention with systematic, structured, and didactic knowledge transfer for an illness and its treatment, integrating emotional and motivational aspects to enable patients to cope with the illness and to improve its treatment adherence and efficacy. PE is considered an important component of treatment in both medical and psychiatric disorders, especially for mental health disorders associated with lack of insight, such as alcohol and substance use disorders (ASUDs). New advancements in neuroscience have shed light on how various aspects of ASUDs may relate to neural processes. However, the actual impact of neuroscience in the real-life clinical practice of Addiction Medicine is minimal. In this chapter, we provide a perspective on how PE in Addiction Medicine can be informed by neuroscience in two dimensions: content (knowledge we transfer in PE) and structure (methods we use to deliver PE). The content of conventional PE targets knowledge about etiology of illness, treatment process, adverse effects of prescribed medications, coping strategies, family education, and life skill training. Adding neuroscience evidence to the content of PE could be helpful in communicating not only the impact of drug use but also the beneficial impact of various treatments (i.e., on brain function), thus enhancing motivation for compliance and further destigmatizing their symptoms. PE can also be optimized in its "structure" by implicitly and explicitly engaging different neurocognitive processes, including salience/attention, memory, and self-awareness. There are many interactions between these two dimensions, structure and content, in the delivery of neuroscience-informed psychoeducation (NIPE). We explore these interactions in the development of a cartoon-based NIPE to promote brain recovery during Addiction treatment as a part of the brain awareness for Addiction recovery initiative.
-
neuroscience of drug craving for Addiction Medicine from circuits to therapies
Progress in Brain Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hamed Ekhtiari, Padideh Nasseri, Fatemeh Yavari, Azarkhsh Mokri, John MonterossoAbstract:Drug craving is a dynamic neurocognitive emotional-motivational response to a wide range of cues, from internal to external environments and from drug-related to stressful or affective events. The subjective feeling of craving, as an appetitive or compulsive state, could be considered a part of this multidimensional process, with modules in different levels of consciousness and embodiment. The neural correspondence of this dynamic and complex phenomenon may be productively investigated in relation to regional, small-scale networks, large-scale networks, and brain states. Within cognitive neuroscience, this approach has provided a long list of neural and cognitive targets for craving modulations with different cognitive, electrical, or pharmacological interventions. There are new opportunities to integrate different approaches for carving management from environmental, behavioral, psychosocial, cognitive, and neural perspectives. By using cognitive neuroscience models that treat drug craving as a dynamic and multidimensional process, these approaches may yield more effective interventions for Addiction Medicine.
Lauren Gorfinkel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
development and evaluation of the online Addiction Medicine certificate free novel program in a canadian setting
JMIR Medical Education, 2019Co-Authors: Lauren Gorfinkel, Evan Wood, Jan Klimas, Amanda Giesler, Huiru Dong, Nadia FairbairnAbstract:Background: Despite the enormous burden of disease attributable to drug and alcohol Addiction, there remain major challenges in implementing evidence-based Addiction care and treatment modalities. This is partly because of a persistent lack of accessible, specialized training in Addiction Medicine. In response, a new online certificate in Addiction Medicine has been established in Vancouver, Canada, free of charge to participants globally. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and examine changes in knowledge acquisition among health care professionals before and after the completion of an online certificate in Addiction Medicine. Methods: Learners enrolled in a 17-module certificate program and completed pre- and postknowledge tests using online multiple-choice questionnaires. Knowledge acquisition was then evaluated using a repeated measures t test of mean test scores before and after the online course. Following the certificate completion, a subset of learners completed the online course evaluation form. Results: Of the total 6985 participants who registered for the online course between May 15, 2017 and February 22, 2018, 3466 (49.62%) completed the online pretest questionnaire. A total of 1010 participants completed the full course, achieving the required 70% scores. TThe participants self-reported working in a broad range of health-related fields, including nursing (n=371), Medicine (n=92), counseling or social work (n=69), community health (n=44), and pharmacy (n=34). The median graduation year was 2010 (n=363, interquartile range 2002-2015). Knowledge of the Addiction Medicine increased significantly postcertificate (mean difference 28.21; 95% CI 27.32 to 29.10; P<.001). Physicians scored significantly higher on the pretest than any other health discipline, whereas the greatest improvement in scores was seen in the counseling professions and community outreach. Conclusions: This free, online, open-access certificate in Addiction Medicine appeared to improve knowledge of learners from a variety of disciplines and backgrounds. Scaling up low threshold learning opportunities may further advance Addiction Medicine training, thereby helping to narrow the evidence-to-practice gap.
-
in hospital training in Addiction Medicine a mixed methods study of health care provider benefits and differences
Substance Abuse, 2019Co-Authors: Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Lauren Gorfinkel, Huiru Dong, Breanne ReelAbstract:AbstractBackground: Hospital-based clinical Addiction Medicine training can improve knowledge of clinical care for substance-using populations. However, application of structured, self-assessment t...
Keith Ahamad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
building a hospital based Addiction Medicine consult service in vancouver canada the path taken and lessons learned
Addiction, 2020Co-Authors: Vivian Braithwaite, Evan Wood, Keith Ahamad, Nadia Fairbairn, Mark Mclean, Scott Harrison, Seonaid NolanAbstract:Background and aims To improve evidence-based Addiction care in acute care settings, many hospitals across North America are developing an inpatient Addiction Medicine consult service (AMCS). St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, Canada houses a large interdisciplinary AMCS. This study aimed to: (1) describe the current model of clinical care and its evolution over time; (2) evaluate requests for an AMCS consultation over time; (3) highlight the established clinical training opportunities and educational curriculum and (4) provide some lessons learned. Design A retrospective observational analysis. Setting An urban, academic hospital in Vancouver, Canada with a large interdisciplinary AMCS, studied from 2013 to 2018. Participants Individuals who presented to hospital and had a substance use disorder. Measurements Data were collected using the hospital's electronic medical records. The primary outcome was number of AMCS consultations over time. Findings In 2014 the hospital's AMCS was restructured into an academic, interdisciplinary consult service. A 228% increase in the number of consults was observed between 2013 (one year prior to restructuring) and 2018 (1,373 versus [vs.] 4,507 respectively; p=0.027). More than half of AMCS consults originated from the emergency department, with this number increasing over time (55% in 2013 vs. 74% in 2018). Referred patients were predominantly male (>60% in all 5 years) between the ages of 45 and 65 years. Reason for consultation remained consistent and included: opioids (33%), stimulants (30%), alcohol (23%) and cannabis use (8%). Conclusions After St. Paul's Hospital in Vancouver, Canada was restructured in 2014 to a large, interdisciplinary Addiction Medicine consult service (AMCS), the AMCS saw a 228% increase in the number of consultation requests with more than half of requests originating from the emergency department. Approximately two-thirds of consultation requests were for opioid or stimulant use.
-
in hospital training in Addiction Medicine a mixed methods study of health care provider benefits and differences
Substance Abuse, 2019Co-Authors: Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Lauren Gorfinkel, Huiru Dong, Breanne ReelAbstract:AbstractBackground: Hospital-based clinical Addiction Medicine training can improve knowledge of clinical care for substance-using populations. However, application of structured, self-assessment t...
-
barriers and facilitators to implementing Addiction Medicine fellowships a qualitative study with fellows medical students residents and preceptors
Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 2017Co-Authors: Walter Cullen, Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Annabel Mead, Will Small, Launette RiebAbstract:Although progress in science has driven advances in Addiction Medicine, this subject has not been adequately taught to medical trainees and physicians. As a result, there has been poor integration of evidence-based practices in Addiction Medicine into physician training which has impeded Addiction treatment and care. Recently, a number of training initiatives have emerged internationally, including the Addiction Medicine fellowships in Vancouver, Canada. This study was undertaken to examine barriers and facilitators of implementing Addiction Medicine fellowships. We interviewed trainees and faculty from clinical and research training programmes in Addiction Medicine at St Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada (N = 26) about barriers and facilitators to implementation of physician training in Addiction Medicine. We included medical students, residents, fellows and supervising physicians from a variety of specialities. We analysed interview transcripts thematically by using NVivo software. We identified six domains relating to training implementation: (1) organisational, (2) structural, (3) teacher, (4) learner, (5) patient and (6) community related variables either hindered or fostered Addiction Medicine education, depending on context. Human resources, variety of rotations, peer support and mentoring fostered implementation of Addiction training. Money, time and space limitations hindered implementation. Participant accounts underscored how faculty and staff facilitated the implementation of both the clinical and the research training. Implementation of Addiction Medicine fellowships appears feasible, although a number of barriers exist. Research into factors within the local/practice environment that shape delivery of education to ensure consistent and quality education scale-up is a priority.
-
impact of a brief Addiction Medicine training experience on knowledge self assessment among medical learners
Substance Abuse, 2017Co-Authors: Jan Klimas, Keith Ahamad, Annabel Mead, Christoper Fairgrieve, Mark Mclean, Seonaid Nolan, Evan WoodAbstract:ABSTRACTBackground: Implementation of evidence-based approaches to the treatment of various substance use disorders is needed to tackle the existing epidemic of substance use and related harms. Most clinicians, however, lack knowledge and practical experience with these approaches. Given this deficit, the authors examined the impact of an inpatient elective in Addiction Medicine amongst medical trainees on Addiction-related knowledge and medical management. Methods: Trainees who completed an elective with a hospital-based Addiction Medicine Consult Team (AMCT) in Vancouver, Canada, from May 2015 to May 2016, completed a 9-item self-evaluation scale before and immediately after the elective. Results: A total of 48 participants completed both pre and post AMCT elective surveys. On average, participants were 28 years old (interquartile range [IQR] = 27–29) and contributed 20 days (IQR = 13–27) of clinical service. Knowledge of Addiction Medicine increased significantly post elective (mean difference [MD] = 8...
-
two birds with one stone experiences of combining clinical and research training in Addiction Medicine
BMC Medical Education, 2017Co-Authors: Jan Klimas, Ryan Mcneil, Keith Ahamad, Annabel Mead, Launette RiebAbstract:Despite a large evidence-base upon which to base clinical practice, most health systems have not combined the training of healthcare providers in Addiction Medicine and research. As such, Addiction care is often lacking, or not based on evidence or best practices. We undertook a qualitative study to assess the experiences of physicians who completed a clinician-scientist training programme in Addiction Medicine within a hospital setting. We interviewed physicians from the St. Paul’s Hospital Goldcorp Addiction Medicine Fellowship and learners from the hospital’s academic Addiction Medicine Consult Team in Vancouver, Canada (N = 26). They included psychiatrists, internal Medicine and family Medicine physicians, faculty, mentors, medical students and residents. All received both Addiction Medicine and research training. Drawing on Kirkpatrick’s model of evaluating training programmes, we analysed the interviews thematically using qualitative data analysis software (Nvivo 10). We identified five themes relating to learning experience that were influential: (i) attitude, (ii) knowledge, (iii) skill, (iv) behaviour and (v) patient outcome. The presence of a supportive learning environment, flexibility in time lines, highly structured rotations, and clear guidance regarding development of research products facilitated clinician-scientist training. Competing priorities, including clinical and family responsibilities, hindered training. Combined training in Addiction Medicine and research is feasible and acceptable for current doctors and physicians in training. However, there are important barriers to overcome and improved understanding of the experience of Addiction physicians in the clinician-scientist track is required to improve curricula and research productivity.
Adam J Gordon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
abstracts from the 2019 annual meeting of the international society of Addiction Medicine isam in new delhi india and a thank you to the 2019 peer reviewers of substance abuse
Substance Abuse, 2020Co-Authors: Adam J GordonAbstract:The journal Substance Abuse has a long history of collaboration with the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM). The journal is thus proud of presenting selected abstracts from ...
-
the international society of Addiction Medicine isam abstracts from its 2018 annual meeting busan korea
Substance Abuse, 2019Co-Authors: Adam J GordonAbstract:International scholarship regarding Addiction identification, assessment, and treatment is increasingly important. The International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) is an international fellows...
-
abstracts presented at the international society of Addiction Medicine isam 19th annual meeting abu dhabi united arab emirates october 2017
Substance Abuse, 2018Co-Authors: Adam J GordonAbstract:The 19th Annual Meeting of the International Society of Addiction Medicine (ISAM) was held in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, in October 2017. Contained in this paper are the abstracts of scientif...
-
abstracts of the 18th annual meeting of the international society of Addiction Medicine isam 2016
Substance Abuse, 2017Co-Authors: Adam J GordonAbstract:The International Society of Addiction Medicine is an international fellowship of physicians founded in 1998 and committed to the (1) advancement of knowledge about Addiction seen as a treatable di...
-
2013 Update in Addiction Medicine for the generalist.
Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 2013Co-Authors: Adam J Gordon, Jennifer Mcneely, Joanna L. Starrels, Nicolas Bertholet, Jeanette M Tetrault, Alexander Y WalleyAbstract:Increasingly, patients with unhealthy alcohol and other drug use are being seen in primary care and other non-specialty Addiction settings. Primary care providers are well positioned to screen, assess, and treat patients with alcohol and other drug use because this use, and substance use disorders, may contribute to a host of medical and mental health harms. We sought to identify and examine important recent advances in Addiction Medicine in the medical literature that have implications for the care of patients in primary care or other generalist settings. To accomplish this aim, we selected articles in the field of Addiction Medicine, critically appraised and summarized the manuscripts, and highlighted their implications for generalist practice. During an initial review, we identified articles through an electronic Medline search (limited to human studies and in English) using search terms for alcohol and other drugs of abuse published from January 2010 to January 2012. After this initial review, we searched for other literature in web-based or journal resources for potential articles of interest. From the list of articles identified in these initial reviews, each of the six authors independently selected articles for more intensive review and identified the ones they found to have a potential impact on generalist practice. The identified articles were then ranked by the number of authors who selected each article. Through a consensus process over 4 meetings, the authors reached agreement on the articles with implications for practice for generalist clinicians that warranted inclusion for discussion. The authors then grouped the articles into five categories: 1) screening and brief interventions in outpatient settings, 2) identification and management of substance use among inpatients, 3) medical complications of substance use, 4) use of pharmacotherapy for Addiction treatment in primary care and its complications, and 5) integration of Addiction treatment and medical care. The authors discuss each selected articles’ merits, limitations, conclusions, and implication to advancing Addiction screening, assessment, and treatment of Addiction in generalist physician practice environments.