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Marc N Potenza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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clarifying terminologies in research on gaming Disorder and other Addictive behaviors distinctions between core symptoms and underlying psychological processes
Current opinion in psychology, 2020Co-Authors: Marc N Potenza, Matthias Brand, Hansjurgen Rumpf, Daniel L King, Elisa WegmannAbstract:There exists ongoing debate regarding the clinical validity of single symptoms of and diagnostic criteria for gaming Disorder. In particular, the potential symptom of gaming Disorder that addresses coping with and escaping from negative feelings has received much attention and remains a focus of intensive discussion. We argue that it is important to consider differences or distinguish between, on the one hand, symptoms of and criteria for a Disorder due to Addictive behaviors, such as gaming Disorder, versus, on the other hand, motivations, mechanisms, and psychological processes that may be involved in promoting Addictive behaviors and that may explain symptom severity and course of the Addictive Disorder including potential treatment responses.
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Clinical neuropsychiatric considerations regarding nonsubstance or behavioral addictions.
2017Co-Authors: Marc N PotenzaAbstract:Over the past several decades, non-substance-use behaviors like gambling, gaming, and sex have received greater consideration as possible foci of addictions. In this article, I will review the recent history and current status of non-substance or behavioral addictions. A main focus will involve gambling and gambling Disorder, given that the latter is currently the sole non-substance Addictive Disorder described in the main text of the current (fifth) edition of the . Internet gaming Disorder, currently in the section addressing conditions that may need additional research, will also be considered, as will the concept of Internet addiction. Compulsive sexual behaviors (including problematic pornography use) will be considered, particularly with respect to how behavioral addictions may be considered in the forthcoming 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11).
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pathological gambling a review of the neurobiological evidence relevant for its classification as an Addictive Disorder
Addiction Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Mira Fauthbuhler, Karl Mann, Marc N PotenzaAbstract:In light of the upcoming eleventh edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11), the question arises as to the most appropriate classification of 'Pathological Gambling' ('PG'). Some academic opinion favors leaving PG in the 'Impulse Control Disorder' ('ICD') category, as in ICD-10, whereas others argue that new data especially from the neurobiological area favor allocating it to the category of 'Substance-related and Addictive Disorders' ('SADs'), following the decision in the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The current review examines important findings in relation to PG, with the aim of enabling a well-informed decision to be made with respect to the classification of PG as a SAD or ICD in ICD-11. Particular attention is given to cognitive deficits and underlying neurobiological mechanisms that play a role in SADs and ICDs. These processes are impulsivity, compulsivity, reward/punishment processing and decision-making. In summary, the strongest arguments for subsuming PG under a larger SAD category relate to the existence of similar diagnostic characteristics; the high co-morbidity rates between the Disorders; their common core features including reward-related aspects (positive reinforcement: behaviors are pleasurable at the beginning which is not the case for ICDs); the findings that the same brain structures are involved in PG and SADs, including the ventral striatum. Research on compulsivity suggests a relationship with PG and SAD, particularly in later stages of the Disorders. Although research is limited for ICDs, current data do not support continuing to classify PG as an ICD.
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behavioral addictions in addiction medicine from mechanisms to practical considerations
Progress in Brain Research, 2016Co-Authors: Barbara C Banz, Marc N PotenzaAbstract:Recent progress has been made in our understanding of nonsubstance or “behavioral” addictions, although these conditions and their most appropriate classification remain debated and the knowledge basis for understanding the pathophysiology of and treatments for these conditions includes important gaps. Recent developments include the classification of gambling Disorder as a “Substance-Related and Addictive Disorder” in the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and proposed diagnostic criteria for Internet Gaming Disorder in Section 3 of DSM-5. This chapter reviews current neuroscientific understandings of behavioral addictions and the potential of neurobiological data to assist in the development of improved policy, prevention, and treatment efforts.
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neural systems implicated in obesity as an Addictive Disorder from biological to behavioral mechanisms
Progress in Brain Research, 2016Co-Authors: Erica M Schulte, Marc N Potenza, Sonja Yokum, Ashley N GearhardtAbstract:Contributing factors to obesity have been identified, yet prevention and treatment efforts have had limited long-term success. It has recently been suggested that some individuals may experience an Addictive-like response to certain foods, such as losing control over consumption and continued consumption despite negative consequences. In support, shared biological and behavioral features seem to exist between "food addiction" and traditional substance-use Disorders. "Food addiction" may be another important contributor to obesity. The current chapter reviews existing literature regarding neural systems implicated similarly in obesity and addiction, discusses unique considerations for Addictive-like eating, and proposes directions for future research regarding "food addiction" as an emerging construct for addiction medicine.
Florence Thibaut - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of Review We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent Findings Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Summary Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of review: We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent findings: Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Summary: Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
Jon E. Grant - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy of Pharmacological Interventions in Targeting Decision-Making Impairments across Substance and Behavioral Addictions.
Neuropsychology Review, 2019Co-Authors: Samuel R. Chamberlain, Jon E. GrantAbstract:Decision-making impairments reflect tendencies towards risky or unwise choices as manifested by presence of psychiatric symptoms or cognitive impairment (e.g. representation of value, inhibitory control-response selection, learning). Such impairments are suggested by the hallmark symptoms of substance and behavioral addictions, which include escalation over time (of substance intake or a given behavior), lack of control, neglect of other domains of life, and cognitive distortions (such as ‘chasing losses’ in gambling Disorder). Amongst the putative behavioral addictions, most epidemiological data exist for gambling Disorder, which is now included in DSM-5 as a substance-related and Addictive Disorder. However, other Disorders share parallels and may also constitute behavioral addictions, such as compulsive stealing (kleptomania), compulsive shopping, and compulsive sexual behavior. The current paper presents a narrative review of evidence for cognitive decision-making impairments in addictions, as well as pharmacological treatments of these Disorders that may have relevance for improving decision-making. We find that objective decision-making deficits have been widely reported in patients with substance use Disorders and gambling Disorder, compared to controls. Decision-making in the other behavioral addictions is under-studied. Evidence-based pharmacological treatments for some of these Addictive Disorders, for example, opioid antagonists and glutamatergic agents, modulate neural systems playing key roles in decision-making. But clinical trials have seldom examined effects of such treatments on objective decision-making measures. Future research directions are discussed, including the need to include standardized outcome measures of decision-making (tasks and imaging) alongside traditional clinical measures, to better understand and enhance underlying treatment mechanisms.
Florian Ferreri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of Review We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent Findings Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Summary Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of review: We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent findings: Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Summary: Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
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e-Addictology: An Overview of New Technologies for Assessing and Intervening in Addictive Behaviors
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: Florian Ferreri, Alexis Bourla, Stephane Mouchabac, Laurent KarilaAbstract:Background: New technologies can profoundly change the way we understand psychiatric pathologies and Addictive Disorders. New concepts are emerging with the development of more accurate means of collecting live data, computerized questionnaires, and the use of passive data. Digital phenotyping, a paradigmatic example, refers to the use of computerized measurement tools to capture the characteristics of different psychiatric Disorders. Similarly, machine learning–a form of artificial intelligence–can improve the classification of patients based on patterns that clinicians have not always considered in the past. Remote or automated interventions (web-based or smartphone-based apps), as well as virtual reality and neurofeedback, are already available or under development. Objective: These recent changes have the potential to disrupt practices, as well as practitioners’ beliefs, ethics and representations, and may even call into question their professional culture. However, the impact of new technologies on health professionals’ practice in Addictive Disorder care has yet to be determined. In the present paper, we therefore present an overview of new technology in the field of addiction medicine. Method: Using the keywords [e-health], [m-health], [computer], [mobile], [smartphone], [wearable], [digital], [machine learning], [ecological momentary assessment], [biofeedback] and [virtual reality], we searched the PubMed database for the most representative articles in the field of assessment and interventions in substance use Disorders. Results: We screened 595 abstracts and analyzed 92 articles, dividing them into seven categories: e-health program and web-based interventions, machine learning, computerized adaptive testing, wearable devices and digital phenotyping, ecological momentary assessment, biofeedback, and virtual reality. Conclusion: This overview shows that new technologies can improve assessment and interventions in the field of Addictive Disorders. The precise role of connected devices, artificial intelligence and remote monitoring remains to be defined. If they are to be used effectively, these tools must be explained and adapted to the different profiles of physicians and patients. The involvement of patients, caregivers and other health professionals is essential to their design and assessment.
Leo Malandain - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of Review We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent Findings Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Summary Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
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Pharmacotherapy of Sexual Addiction
Current Psychiatry Reports, 2020Co-Authors: Leo Malandain, Florian Ferreri, Jean-victor Blanc, Florence ThibautAbstract:Purpose of review: We reviewed recent data on sexual addiction and its treatment. We examined the different definitions of this Disorder, related to the pathophysiological mechanisms. We addressed the pharmacological treatment of sexual addiction. Recent findings: Hypersexual behavior can be considered an Addictive Disorder. Sexual addiction is accompanied by significant psychiatric and Addictive comorbidities and is responsible for life impairment. A comprehensive and efficient treatment must be proposed. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Summary: Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors seem the first-line pharmacological treatment for sexual addiction. Naltrexone could be another therapeutic option. Psychotherapy and preferentially cognitive-behavioral therapy should be used in association with pharmacotherapy and treatments of comorbidities.
