The Experts below are selected from a list of 336 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lindsay Koskinen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trauma stress grief loss and separation among older Adults in prison the protective role of coping resources on physical and mental well being
Journal of Criminal Justice, 2015Co-Authors: Tina Maschi, Deborah Viola, Keith Morgen, Lindsay KoskinenAbstract:Recent evidence suggests that older Adults in prison experience a high level of adverse life experiences that can be categorized as trauma, stress, grief and loss. However, there is a dearth of research that examines how older Adults' use of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual coping resources influence their physical and mental well-being. The current study uses a cross-sectional correlational design and a sample of 667 Adults aged 50 and older in a northeastern state prison system. Data were collected using a mailed survey that included the Life Stressors Checklist-Revised, the Coping Resources Inventory, and Health-Related Quality of Life Survey to measure the variables of central interest. The majority (70%) of the sample reported some type of traumatic and stressful life experiences that included childhood and/or Adult Exposure to violence, unexpected and expected loss of a loved one, family separation, or being diagnosed with a serious physical or mental illness. Path analysis resu...
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trauma stress grief loss and separation among older Adults in prison the protective role of coping resources on physical and mental well being
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Tina Maschi, Deborah Viola, Keith Morgen, Lindsay KoskinenAbstract:Recent evidence suggests that older Adults in prison experience a high level of adverse life experiences that can be categorized as trauma, stress, grief and loss. However, there is a dearth of research that examines how older Adults’ use of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual coping resources influence their physical and mental well-being. The current study uses a cross-sectional correlational design and a sample of 667 Adults aged 50 and older in a northeastern state prison system. Data were collected using a mailed survey that included the Life Stressors Checklist-Revised, the Coping Resources Inventory, and Health-Related Quality of Life Survey to measure the variables of central interest. The majority (70%) of the sample reported some type of traumatic and stressful life experiences that included childhood and/or Adult Exposure to violence, unexpected and expected loss of a loved one, family separation, or being diagnosed with a serious physical or mental illness. Path analysis results produced a well-fitting model and revealed that five dimensions of coping resources (physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual) demonstrate a protective affect on the relationship between cumulative, traumatic and stressful life experiences and well-being among older Adults in prison. These findings suggest that the lifetime experiences of multiple types of trauma, stress, grief, separation, and loss are common among older Adults in prison and place them at risk for later-life physical and mental decline. Multidimensional coping strategies that address physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual domains are promising intervention techniques that can improve well-being among older Adults in prison.
Marcela Ines Schneider - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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selectivity assessment of two biorational insecticides azadirachtin and pyriproxyfen in comparison to a neonicotinoid acetamiprid on pupae and Adults of a neotropical strain eretmocerus mundus mercet
Chemosphere, 2018Co-Authors: Natalia Francesena, Marcela Ines SchneiderAbstract:Abstract Assessment of the susceptibility of natural enemies of pests to selective pesticides is relevant for a sustainable agriculture with low impact on the environment. The aim of this study was to assess the toxicity of two biorational insecticides, azadirachtin and pyriproxyfen in comparison to a neonicotinoid insecticide, acetamiprid, on pupae and Adults of a Neotropical strain of Eretmocerus mundus. Adult emergence and survival were evaluated as lethal effects whereas the sublethal effects were assessed through the reproductive capacity, sex ratio, and longevity of the surviving first progeny. Adult emergence from treated pupae was reduced by all three insecticides, but azadirachtin at its maximum field recommended concentration (MFRC) proved the most toxic insecticide. The survival probability of emerged Adults was reduced by the three insecticides below than 50% from 2 to 5 days after the Adult emergence. Malformations in nonemerged Adults from treated pupal hosts were observed at the MFRC of all three insecticides. Sublethal effects on survivors from pupal treatment could be evaluated at only the lowest azadirachtin concentration. At that concentration, though azadirachtin did not affect the reproductive capacity of females, the sex ratio and the longevity of the first progeny were disrupted. The survival of parasitoid Adults after Adult Exposure was reduced by all three insecticides, pyriproxyfen at the MFRC being the most toxic. All insecticides at their half of MFRCs induced sublethal effects in the survivors’ Adults, with pyriproxyfen being the most harmful to the reproductive capacity of females. In conclusion, both biorational insecticides were toxic to E. mundus.
Tina Maschi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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trauma stress grief loss and separation among older Adults in prison the protective role of coping resources on physical and mental well being
Journal of Criminal Justice, 2015Co-Authors: Tina Maschi, Deborah Viola, Keith Morgen, Lindsay KoskinenAbstract:Recent evidence suggests that older Adults in prison experience a high level of adverse life experiences that can be categorized as trauma, stress, grief and loss. However, there is a dearth of research that examines how older Adults' use of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual coping resources influence their physical and mental well-being. The current study uses a cross-sectional correlational design and a sample of 667 Adults aged 50 and older in a northeastern state prison system. Data were collected using a mailed survey that included the Life Stressors Checklist-Revised, the Coping Resources Inventory, and Health-Related Quality of Life Survey to measure the variables of central interest. The majority (70%) of the sample reported some type of traumatic and stressful life experiences that included childhood and/or Adult Exposure to violence, unexpected and expected loss of a loved one, family separation, or being diagnosed with a serious physical or mental illness. Path analysis resu...
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trauma stress grief loss and separation among older Adults in prison the protective role of coping resources on physical and mental well being
Social Science Research Network, 2013Co-Authors: Tina Maschi, Deborah Viola, Keith Morgen, Lindsay KoskinenAbstract:Recent evidence suggests that older Adults in prison experience a high level of adverse life experiences that can be categorized as trauma, stress, grief and loss. However, there is a dearth of research that examines how older Adults’ use of physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual coping resources influence their physical and mental well-being. The current study uses a cross-sectional correlational design and a sample of 667 Adults aged 50 and older in a northeastern state prison system. Data were collected using a mailed survey that included the Life Stressors Checklist-Revised, the Coping Resources Inventory, and Health-Related Quality of Life Survey to measure the variables of central interest. The majority (70%) of the sample reported some type of traumatic and stressful life experiences that included childhood and/or Adult Exposure to violence, unexpected and expected loss of a loved one, family separation, or being diagnosed with a serious physical or mental illness. Path analysis results produced a well-fitting model and revealed that five dimensions of coping resources (physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual) demonstrate a protective affect on the relationship between cumulative, traumatic and stressful life experiences and well-being among older Adults in prison. These findings suggest that the lifetime experiences of multiple types of trauma, stress, grief, separation, and loss are common among older Adults in prison and place them at risk for later-life physical and mental decline. Multidimensional coping strategies that address physical, cognitive, emotional, social, and spiritual domains are promising intervention techniques that can improve well-being among older Adults in prison.
Pauline M Ross - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Adult Exposure to ocean acidification is maladaptive for larvae of the sydney rock oyster saccostrea glomerata in the presence of multiple stressors
Biology Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Laura M Parker, Wayne A Oconnor, Maria Byrne, Ross A Coleman, Patti Virtue, Michael Dove, Mitchell Gibbs, Lorraine Spohr, Elliot Scanes, Pauline M RossAbstract:Parental effects passed from Adults to their offspring have been identified as a source of rapid acclimation that may allow marine populations to persist as our surface oceans continue to decrease in pH. Little is known, however, whether parental effects are beneficial for offspring in the presence of multiple stressors. We exposed Adults of the oyster Saccostrea glomerata to elevated CO2 and examined the impacts of elevated CO2 (control = 392; 856 µatm) combined with elevated temperature (control = 24; 28°C), reduced salinity (control = 35; 25) and reduced food concentration (control = full; half diet) on their larvae. Adult Exposure to elevated CO2 had a positive impact on larvae reared at elevated CO2 as a sole stressor, which were 8% larger and developed faster at elevated CO2 compared with larvae from Adults exposed to ambient CO2. These larvae, however, had significantly reduced survival in all multistressor treatments. This was particularly evident for larvae reared at elevated CO2 combined with elevated temperature or reduced food concentration, with no larvae surviving in some treatment combinations. Larvae from CO2-exposed Adults had a higher standard metabolic rate. Our results provide evidence that parental Exposure to ocean acidification may be maladaptive when larvae experience multiple stressors.
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Adult Exposure influences offspring response to ocean acidification in oysters
Global Change Biology, 2012Co-Authors: Laura M Parker, Wayne A Oconnor, Pauline M Ross, Larissa Borysko, David A Raftos, Hansotto PortnerAbstract:It is essential to predict the impact of elevated Pco2 on marine organisms and habitats to anticipate the severity and consequences of future ocean chemistry change. Despite the importance of carry-over effects in the evolutionary history of marine organisms, few studies have considered links between life-history stages when determining how marine organisms will respond to elevated Pco2, and none have considered the link between Adults and their offspring. Herein, we exposed Adults of wild and selectively bred Sydney rock oysters, Saccostrea glomerata to elevated Pco2 during reproductive conditioning and measured the development, growth and survival response of their larvae. We found that elevated Pco2 had a negative impact on larvae of S. glomerata causing a reduction in growth, rate of development and survival. Exposing Adults to elevated Pco2 during reproductive conditioning, however, had positive carry-over effects on larvae. Larvae spawned from Adults exposed to elevated Pco2 were larger and developed faster, but displayed similar survival compared with larvae spawned from Adults exposed to ambient Pco2. Furthermore, selectively bred larvae of S. glomerata were more resilient to elevated Pco2 than wild larvae. Measurement of the standard metabolic rate (SMR) of Adult S. glomerata showed that at ambient Pco2, SMR is increased in selectively bred compared with wild oysters and is further increased during Exposure to elevated Pco2. This study suggests that sensitive marine organisms may have the capacity to acclimate or adapt to elevated Pco2 over the next century and a change in energy turnover indicated by SMR may be a key process involved.
Lauren Porter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exposure to electronic cigarette television advertisements among youth and young Adults
Pediatrics, 2014Co-Authors: Jennifer C Duke, Kristin Y Arnold, James M. Nonnemaker, Kimberly A. Watson, Lauren PorterAbstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Currently, the US Food and Drug Administration does not regulate electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) marketing unless it is advertised as a smoking cessation aid. To date, the extent to which youth and young Adults are exposed to e-cigarette television advertisements is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze trends in youth and young Adult Exposure to e-cigarette television advertisements in the United States. METHODS: Nielsen data on television household audiences’ Exposure to e-cigarette advertising across US markets were examined by calendar quarter, year, and sponsor. RESULTS: Youth Exposure to television e-cigarette advertisements, measured by target rating points, increased 256% from 2011 to 2013. Young Adult Exposure increased 321% over the same period. More than 76% of all youth e-cigarette advertising Exposure occurred on cable networks and was driven primarily by an advertising campaign for 1 e-cigarette brand. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette companies currently advertise their products to a broad audience that includes 24 million youth. The dramatic increase in youth and young Adult television Exposure between 2011 and 2013 was driven primarily by a large advertising campaign on national cable networks. In the absence of evidence-based public health messaging, the current e-cigarette television advertising may be promoting beliefs and behaviors that pose harm to the public health. If current trends in e-cigarette television advertising continue, awareness and use of e-cigarettes are likely to increase among youth and young Adults.
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Exposure to electronic cigarette television advertisements among youth and young Adults
Pediatrics, 2014Co-Authors: Jennifer C Duke, Kristin Y Arnold, James M. Nonnemaker, Kimberly A. Watson, Lauren PorterAbstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Currently, the US Food and Drug Administration does not regulate electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) marketing unless it is advertised as a smoking cessation aid. To date, the extent to which youth and young Adults are exposed to e-cigarette television advertisements is unknown. The objective of this study was to analyze trends in youth and young Adult Exposure to e-cigarette television advertisements in the United States. METHODS: Nielsen data on television household audiences’ Exposure to e-cigarette advertising across US markets were examined by calendar quarter, year, and sponsor. RESULTS: Youth Exposure to television e-cigarette advertisements, measured by target rating points, increased 256% from 2011 to 2013. Young Adult Exposure increased 321% over the same period. More than 76% of all youth e-cigarette advertising Exposure occurred on cable networks and was driven primarily by an advertising campaign for 1 e-cigarette brand. CONCLUSIONS: E-cigarette companies currently advertise their products to a broad audience that includes 24 million youth. The dramatic increase in youth and young Adult television Exposure between 2011 and 2013 was driven primarily by a large advertising campaign on national cable networks. In the absence of evidence-based public health messaging, the current e-cigarette television advertising may be promoting beliefs and behaviors that pose harm to the public health. If current trends in e-cigarette television advertising continue, awareness and use of e-cigarettes are likely to increase among youth and young Adults.