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Aeration Process
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Majid Sartaj – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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statistical analysis and optimization of ammonia removal from landfill leachate by sequential microwave Aeration Process using factorial design and response surface methodology
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:Abstract The application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for the purpose of ammonia removal from both synthetic solutions and landfill leachate was investigated in this study. 100 mL of synthetic solution or landfill leachate was subjected to MW radiation for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 s under 50 and 100% power output level and a pH of 10, 10.5 and 11. The samples were then aerated for 10 min. The initial, after MW application and final total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were measured. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution and 70% for 100 mL landfill leachate was achieved by applying 78 KJ microwave energy output and 10 min Aeration. Factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of pH, MW energy level and microwave power output. When applying the same energy output to the batch tests, the effect of varying MW power output is negligible. For 100 mL synthetic ammonia solution, the optimum pH and MW energy output level for ammonia removal were 11 and 78 KJ and the maximum ammonia removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution is 76.3%. R 2 of 0.941 indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction.
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Statistical analysis and optimization of ammonia removal from landfill leachate by sequential microwave/Aeration Process using factorial design and response surface methodology
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:Abstract The application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for the purpose of ammonia removal from both synthetic solutions and landfill leachate was investigated in this study. 100 mL of synthetic solution or landfill leachate was subjected to MW radiation for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 s under 50 and 100% power output level and a pH of 10, 10.5 and 11. The samples were then aerated for 10 min. The initial, after MW application and final total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were measured. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution and 70% for 100 mL landfill leachate was achieved by applying 78 KJ microwave energy output and 10 min Aeration. Factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of pH, MW energy level and microwave power output. When applying the same energy output to the batch tests, the effect of varying MW power output is negligible. For 100 mL synthetic ammonia solution, the optimum pH and MW energy output level for ammonia removal were 11 and 78 KJ and the maximum ammonia removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution is 76.3%. R 2 of 0.941 indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction.
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Statistical analysis of thermal and nonthermal effects of sequential microwave/Aeration Process for the removal of ammonia from aqueous solution
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:AbstractThe application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for ammonia removal from synthetic solutions was investigated in this study. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution was achieved by applying 650 W microwave radiation (50% of the maximum MW power output) over 120-s MW irradiation time followed by 10-minute Aeration. One-way ANOVA tests and t-tests were conducted for the analysis of the differences in ammonia removal efficiencies among different methods. Among the three main contributions for the ammonia removal for the sequential microwave/Aeration Process (thermal effect, electromagnetic field (EMF) generated by MW radiation, and Aeration Process), the contribution of the EMF becomes increasingly significant with the increase of MW radiation time, except at a pH of 10. Under the optimum operation condition, the contributi…
Sainan Dong – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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statistical analysis and optimization of ammonia removal from landfill leachate by sequential microwave Aeration Process using factorial design and response surface methodology
Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:Abstract The application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for the purpose of ammonia removal from both synthetic solutions and landfill leachate was investigated in this study. 100 mL of synthetic solution or landfill leachate was subjected to MW radiation for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 s under 50 and 100% power output level and a pH of 10, 10.5 and 11. The samples were then aerated for 10 min. The initial, after MW application and final total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were measured. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution and 70% for 100 mL landfill leachate was achieved by applying 78 KJ microwave energy output and 10 min Aeration. Factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of pH, MW energy level and microwave power output. When applying the same energy output to the batch tests, the effect of varying MW power output is negligible. For 100 mL synthetic ammonia solution, the optimum pH and MW energy output level for ammonia removal were 11 and 78 KJ and the maximum ammonia removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution is 76.3%. R 2 of 0.941 indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction.
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Statistical analysis and optimization of ammonia removal from landfill leachate by sequential microwave/Aeration Process using factorial design and response surface methodology
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:Abstract The application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for the purpose of ammonia removal from both synthetic solutions and landfill leachate was investigated in this study. 100 mL of synthetic solution or landfill leachate was subjected to MW radiation for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 s under 50 and 100% power output level and a pH of 10, 10.5 and 11. The samples were then aerated for 10 min. The initial, after MW application and final total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) were measured. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution and 70% for 100 mL landfill leachate was achieved by applying 78 KJ microwave energy output and 10 min Aeration. Factorial design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate and optimize the effects of pH, MW energy level and microwave power output. When applying the same energy output to the batch tests, the effect of varying MW power output is negligible. For 100 mL synthetic ammonia solution, the optimum pH and MW energy output level for ammonia removal were 11 and 78 KJ and the maximum ammonia removal efficiency predicted for the synthetic solution is 76.3%. R 2 of 0.941 indicates that the observed results fitted well with the model prediction.
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Statistical analysis of thermal and nonthermal effects of sequential microwave/Aeration Process for the removal of ammonia from aqueous solution
Desalination and Water Treatment, 2015Co-Authors: Sainan Dong, Majid SartajAbstract:AbstractThe application of microwave (MW) radiation followed by Aeration (A) for ammonia removal from synthetic solutions was investigated in this study. Results confirmed that the sequential microwave/Aeration Process was an effective approach for removal of ammonia from aqueous systems. Maximum ammonia removal of 81.7% for 100 mL synthetic solution was achieved by applying 650 W microwave radiation (50% of the maximum MW power output) over 120-s MW irradiation time followed by 10-minute Aeration. One-way ANOVA tests and t-tests were conducted for the analysis of the differences in ammonia removal efficiencies among different methods. Among the three main contributions for the ammonia removal for the sequential microwave/Aeration Process (thermal effect, electromagnetic field (EMF) generated by MW radiation, and Aeration Process), the contribution of the EMF becomes increasingly significant with the increase of MW radiation time, except at a pH of 10. Under the optimum operation condition, the contributi…
Takashi Osada – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nitrous Oxide Emission from Purification of Liquid Portion of Swine Wastewater
Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies – 6th International Conference, 2003Co-Authors: Takashi OsadaAbstract:Publisher Summary Suitable Processing and adequate usage of livestock excrement are serious on-going issues that affect livestock farming. To prevent surface and underground water pollution, a large amount of the nitrogen in livestock wastewater is purified with an activated sludge system. The activated sludge Process with an intermittent Aeration Process (IAP) is reportedly effective for swine wastewater. N2O is an essential greenhouse gas involved in world climate changes. A large amount of nitrogen in livestock wastewater is treated with an activated sludge system to prevent public water pollution. In Japan, about 3% of CH4 and about 17% of N2O anthropogenic generation sources are presumed to be of livestock excrement origin, and its curtailment is necessary. To reduce N2O emissions from fill-and-draw type activated sludge units treating swine wastewater, N2O emissions were compared between the continuous Aeration Process (conventional Process) and the intermittent Aeration Process. Most of the N2O was emitted during the first hours of Aeration, beginning just after daily charging. Less than 0.05% of the influent nitrogen was emitted as N2O gas during the intermittentAeration Process under two temperatures used (5°C and 20°C). The total emission of other harmful gases (NH3 and CH4) was negligible.
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Reducing nitrous oxide gas emissions from fill-and-draw type activated sludge Process
Water Research, 1995Co-Authors: Takashi Osada, Kazutaka Kuroda, Michihiro YonagaAbstract:Abstract To reduce nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from fill-and-draw type activated sludge units treating swine wastewater, the N 2 O emission was compared between the continuous Aeration Process (conventional Process) and the intermittent Aeration Process. About 35% of the influent nitrogen was emitted as N 2 O gas using the conventional Process under 0.5 kg·m −3 ·d −1 BOD loading. About 60% of the N 2 O was emitted duing the first hours of Aeration started just after daily charging. On the other hand, only less than 1% of the influent nitrogen was emitted as N 2 O gas during the intermittent Aeration Process.
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Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater by the activated sludge units with the intermittent Aeration Process
Water Research, 1991Co-Authors: Takashi Osada, Kiyonori Haga, Yasuo HaradaAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen and phosphorus removal in fill-and-draw type activated sludge units with an intermittent Aeration Process (IAP) was evaluated with typical wastewater from swine housing (total N/BOD5 ratios were 0.18, 0.31 and 0.45), in comparison with a non-limited Aeration Process (a conventional Process, NLAP), under 0.50 kg m−3 d−1 BOD loading for each unit in bench scale. Operational conditions for the units were the same except for the Aeration program; in the NLAP, a conventional consecutive Aeration for 21 h was adopted, whereas in the IAP, Aeration was intermittent and Aeration and non-Aeration periods were alternated at intervals of 1.0 h (IAP-1.0) or 3.5 h (IAP-3.5). When the units were high in MLSS concentrations, high removal efficiencies (89.0–99.5%) for BOD and TOC were attained with both IAP and NLAP in all runs. While, large differences in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus between IAP and NLAP were observed; at influent N/BOD5 of 0.18, removal efficiencies for total nitrogen in IAP-1.0 and NLAP were 96.9 and 58.6%, and for total phosphorus were 80.8 and 47.8%, respectively. However, those removal efficiencies decreased with the increase in the N/BOD5 ratio of wastewater charged. Removal efficiencies for total nitrogen in IAP-1.0 was 72.2%, even at influent N/BOD5 of 0.45. Thus, high removal efficiencies for organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus in swine wastewater were simultaneously obtained by IAPs. By adopting an adequate Aeration program for individual swine wastewater treatment, this system will provide a promising means for nitrogen and phosphorus control without pH control, divided change of wastewater or addition of methanol.
Yasuo Harada – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from swine wastewater by the activated sludge units with the intermittent Aeration Process
Water Research, 1991Co-Authors: Takashi Osada, Kiyonori Haga, Yasuo HaradaAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen and phosphorus removal in fill-and-draw type activated sludge units with an intermittent Aeration Process (IAP) was evaluated with typical wastewater from swine housing (total N/BOD5 ratios were 0.18, 0.31 and 0.45), in comparison with a non-limited Aeration Process (a conventional Process, NLAP), under 0.50 kg m−3 d−1 BOD loading for each unit in bench scale. Operational conditions for the units were the same except for the Aeration program; in the NLAP, a conventional consecutive Aeration for 21 h was adopted, whereas in the IAP, Aeration was intermittent and Aeration and non-Aeration periods were alternated at intervals of 1.0 h (IAP-1.0) or 3.5 h (IAP-3.5). When the units were high in MLSS concentrations, high removal efficiencies (89.0–99.5%) for BOD and TOC were attained with both IAP and NLAP in all runs. While, large differences in the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus between IAP and NLAP were observed; at influent N/BOD5 of 0.18, removal efficiencies for total nitrogen in IAP-1.0 and NLAP were 96.9 and 58.6%, and for total phosphorus were 80.8 and 47.8%, respectively. However, those removal efficiencies decreased with the increase in the N/BOD5 ratio of wastewater charged. Removal efficiencies for total nitrogen in IAP-1.0 was 72.2%, even at influent N/BOD5 of 0.45. Thus, high removal efficiencies for organic substances, nitrogen and phosphorus in swine wastewater were simultaneously obtained by IAPs. By adopting an adequate Aeration program for individual swine wastewater treatment, this system will provide a promising means for nitrogen and phosphorus control without pH control, divided change of wastewater or addition of methanol.
J L Valverde – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nonlinear control of an activated sludge Aeration Process use of fuzzy techniques for tuning pid controllers
Isa Transactions, 1999Co-Authors: Manuel A Rodrigo, J. Ferrer, A. Seco, J M Penyaroja, J L ValverdeAbstract:Abstract In this paper, several tuning algorithms, specifically ITAE, IMC and Cohen and Coon, were applied in order to tune an activated sludge Aeration PID controller. Performance results of these controllers were compared by simulation with those obtained by using a nonlinear fuzzy PID controller. In order to design this controller, a trial and error procedure was used to determine, as a function of error at current time and at a previous time, sets of parameters (including controller gain, integral time and derivative time) which achieve satisfactory response of a PID controller actuating over the Aeration Process. Once these sets of data were obtained, neural networks were used to obtain fuzzy membership functions and fuzzy rules of the fuzzy PID controller.