The Experts below are selected from a list of 267 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Helen M Annis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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matching substance abuse Aftercare treatments to client characteristics
Addictive Behaviors, 2002Co-Authors: Thomas G Brown, Peter Seraganian, Jacques Tremblay, Helen M AnnisAbstract:This study investigated matching client attributes to different Aftercare treatments. A naturalistic sample of adults entering substance abuse treatment was randomized into either Structured Relapse Prevention (RP, n=61) or a 12-Step Facilitation (TSF, n=72) Aftercare program. Four patient attributes were matched to treatment: age, gender, substance abuse profile, and psychological status. Substance use outcomes were assessed 3 and 6 months posttreatment. At 6 months, four significant matches were uncovered. Females and individuals with a multiple substance abuse profile reported better alcohol outcomes with TSF Aftercare than their cohorts exposed to RP Aftercare. Individuals with high psychological distress at treatment entry were able to maintain longer periods of posttreatment abstinence with TSF Aftercare compared to their cohorts exposed to RP. Inversely, RP was found to maintain abstinence significantly longer for individuals reporting low distress compared to those with high distress. Finally, better outcomes were achieved when random assignment to Aftercare was consistent with participant preference. Overall, an Alcoholics Anonymous approach to Aftercare appears to provide the most favorable substance use outcomes for most groups of substance abusers. RP may be most suitable for clients whose psychological distress is low, especially where maintenance of abstinence is targeted. Where choice in Aftercare program is possible, matching client preference with type of Aftercare program can improve outcome.
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process and outcome changes with relapse prevention versus 12 step Aftercare programs for substance abusers
Addiction, 2002Co-Authors: Thomas G Brown, Peter Seraganian, Jacques Tremblay, Helen M AnnisAbstract:Aims Presumptive support was sought for mechanisms of action whereby two conceptually distinct Aftercare programs, relapse prevention (RP) and 12-Step facilitation (TSF), impact upon substance abusers. Patients and design Adults who had just completed intensive treatment were assigned randomly to either RP (n = 61) or TSF (n = 70) Aftercare programs. Setting Three residential treatment facilities. Interventions Trained counselors delivered to small groups a manualized Aftercare program which focused either upon the utilization of cognitive‐behavioral processes to orchestrate change through an individualized treatment plan (i.e. RP) or which sought to facilitate utilization of AA’s 12 Steps (i.e. TSF). Measurements Process measures developed specifically to quantify either: (a) the changes in self-efficacy process in RP or (b) the utilization of AA’s principles in TSF, as well as psychosocial and substance abuse indices were administered to all patients pre- and post-Aftercare and at 6-month follow-up. Findings A significant relationship between changes in measures of selfefficacy for RP participants as well as a trend for a relationship between processspecific change for TSF participants partially satisfied the first condition for presumptive support. The fact that the intervention-specific mediators covaried with several outcome indices, and that removal of such mediators attenuated prediction of outcome met, respectively, the second and third conditions for presumptive support. Conclusion Carefully orchestrated RP and TSF Aftercare programs yield process changes that are related positively to improved outcome.
Rachel Gonzales - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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youth recovery outcomes at 6 and 9 months following participation in a mobile texting recovery support Aftercare pilot study
American Journal on Addictions, 2016Co-Authors: Rachel Gonzales, Mayra Hernandez, Debra A MurphyAbstract:Background and Objectives We examined youth recovery outcomes at 6- and 9-months post-participation in an Aftercare pilot study called Educating and Supporting inQuisitive Youth in Recovery (ESQYIR) that aimed to investigate the utility of a 12-week mobile texting recovery support intervention. Methods A total of 80 youth [Mage 20.4 (SD = 3.5)] were randomized to a mobile texting Aftercare intervention or an Aftercare-as-usual control group. Both groups received identical data collection protocols with psychosocial and behavioral assessments occurring at baseline, during the trial (months 1 and 2), at discharge from the trial (month 3), and 3-, 6-, and 9-month post-intervention follow-ups. Results Mixed modeling showed that youth who participated in the mobile texting Aftercare intervention were less likely to test positive for their primary drug compared to youth in the Aftercare-as-usual condition during 6- and 9-months follow-ups (p < .01). Additionally, youth in the Aftercare intervention reported significantly higher self-efficacy/confidence to abstain during recovery (p < .05) and were more likely to participate in recovery-related behaviors (self-help and goal-directed extracurricular activities; p < .05) than those in Aftercare-as-usual at the 6- and 9-month follow-ups. Conclusions Results suggest that delivering a structured, behavioral-based wellness Aftercare intervention using mobile texting can be an effective for sustaining recovery outcomes in youth over time compared to youth who receive Aftercare-as-usual. Scientific Significance This study shows that a mobile-texting Aftercare intervention sustained effects at 6- and 9-months post-intervention for young people in substance use recovery. (Am J Addict 2015;XX:1–7)
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substance use recovery outcomes among a cohort of youth participating in a mobile based texting Aftercare pilot program
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2014Co-Authors: Rachel Gonzales, Debra A Murphy, Deborah C Glik, Douglas M AnglinAbstract:Abstract Project ESQYIR (Educating & Supporting Inquisitive Youth in Recovery) is a pilot study examining the feasibility of a 12-week mobile-based Aftercare intervention for youth (ages 12 to 24) transitioning out of community-based substance abuse treatment programs. From January 2012 through July 2013, a total of 80 youth were recruited from outpatient and residential treatment programs, geographically dispersed throughout Los Angeles County, California. Results revealed that youth who participated in the texting mobile pilot intervention were significantly less likely to relapse to their primary compared to the Aftercare as usual control condition (OR=0.52, p =0.002) over time (from baseline throughout the 12-week Aftercare pilot program to a 90-day follow-up). Participants in the texting Aftercare pilot program also reported significantly less substance use problem severity (β=−0.46, p =0.03) and were more likely to participate in extracurricular recovery behaviors (β=1.63, p =0.03) compared to participants in the standard Aftercare group. Collectively, findings from this pilot Aftercare study suggest that mobile texting could provide a feasible way to engage youth in recovery after substance abuse treatment to aid with reducing relapse and promoting lifestyle behavior change.
Timothy Cadigan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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drug treatment Aftercare in the criminal justice system a systematic review
Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2007Co-Authors: Bernadette Pelissier, Nicole Jones, Timothy CadiganAbstract:Drug treatment Aftercare is frequently cited as necessary for individuals served within the criminal justice system. The purposes of this article are to review how much is actually known about Aftercare and to highlight issues in studying the role of Aftercare. We begin with a review of the literature, looking at how Aftercare is defined within the criminal justice system outcome literature and the findings on Aftercare for offenders who received initial treatment from in-prison substance use treatment programs. We continue with a discussion of how substance use treatment provided within the federal system, drug use patterns, and responses to drug use create methodological difficulties in adequately assessing the effectiveness of Aftercare services. Taking into account both the previous research on Aftercare and the issues encountered in attempting to evaluate the federal Aftercare services, we concluded that the claim of certainty about Aftercare effectiveness is not well substantiated and that the precise nature of Aftercare services needed is not well understood. We conclude with a discussion of the methodological and substantive issues that need to be addressed in future research. Issues identified include the need to address self-selection bias and to disentangle offender behavior from the effects of criminal justice system policies. Research is also needed to identify the most effective type and intensity of Aftercare.
Teresa To - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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predictors of psychiatric Aftercare among formerly hospitalized adolescents
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Corine E Carlisle, Muhammad Mamdani, Russell Schachar, Teresa ToAbstract:Objective: Timely Aftercare can be viewed as a patient safety imperative. In the context of decreasing inpatient length of stay (LOS) and known child psychiatry human resource challenges, we investigated time to Aftercare for adolescents following psychiatric hospitalization. Method: We conducted a population-based cohort study of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years with psychiatric discharge between April 1, 2002, and March 1, 2004, in Ontario, using encrypted identifiers across health administrative databases to determine time to first psychiatric Aftercare with a primary care physician (PCP) or a psychiatrist within 395 days of discharge. Results: Among the 7111 adolescents discharged in the study period, 24% had Aftercare with a PCP or a psychiatrist within 7 days and 49% within 30 days. High socioeconomic status (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 1.31; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.43, P Language: en
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Aftercare emergency department visits and readmission in adolescents
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Corine Carlisle, Muhammad Mamdani, Russell Schachar, Teresa ToAbstract:Objective U.S. and Canadian data demonstrate decreasing inpatient days, increasing nonurgent emergency department (ED) visits, and short supply of child psychiatrists. Our study aims to determine whether Aftercare reduces ED visits and/or readmission in adolescents with first psychiatric hospitalization. Method We conducted a population-based cohort analysis using linked health administrative databases with accrual from April 1, 2002, to March 1, 2004. The study cohort included all 15- to 19-year-old adolescents with first psychiatric admission. Adolescents with and without Aftercare in the month post-discharge were matched on their propensity to receive Aftercare. Our primary outcome was time to first psychiatric ED visit or readmission. Secondary outcomes were time to first psychiatric ED visit and readmission, separately. Results We identified 4,472 adolescents with first-time psychiatric admission. Of these, 57% had Aftercare in the month post-discharge. Propensity-score–based matching, which accounted for each individual's propensity for Aftercare, produced a cohort of 3,004 adolescents. In matched analyses, relative to those with no Aftercare in the month post-discharge, those with Aftercare had increased likelihood of combined outcome (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05–1.42), and readmission (HR = 1.38, 95% CI=1.14–1.66), but not ED visits (HR = 1.14, 95% CI=0.95–1.37). Conclusions Our results are provocative: we found that Aftercare in the month post-discharge increased the likelihood of readmission but not ED visit. Over and above confounding by severity and Canadian/U.S. systems differences, our results may indicate a relative lack of psychiatric services for youth. Our results point to the need for improved data capture of pediatric mental health service use.
M A J Van Waas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an eight year follow up to a randomized clinical trial of Aftercare and cost analysis with three types of mandibular implant retained overdentures
Journal of Dental Research, 2007Co-Authors: G T Stoker, Daniel Wismeijer, M A J Van WaasAbstract:Mandibular implant overdentures increase satisfaction and the quality of life of edentulous individuals. Long-term Aftercare and costs may depend on the type of overdentures. One hundred and ten individuals received one of 3 types of implant-retained overdentures, randomly assigned, and were evaluated with respect to Aftercare and costs. The follow-up time was 8 years, with only seven drop-outs. No significant differences (Kruskal-Wallis test) were observed for direct costs of Aftercare (p = 0.94). The initial costs constituted 75% of the total costs and were significantly higher in the group with a bar on 4 implants, compared with the group with a bar on 2 implants and the group with ball attachments on 2 implants (p = 0.018). The last group needed a significantly higher number of prosthodontist-patient Aftercare contacts, mostly for re-adjustment of the retentive system. It can be concluded that an overdenture with a bar on 2 implants might be the most efficient in the long term.
