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Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans
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Anders Johansson – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Virulence and Pathogenicity Properties of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans.
Pathogenetics, 2019Co-Authors: Georgios N. Belibasakis, Mark Lindholm, Jan Oscarsson, Terhi Maula, Kai Bao, Nagihan Bostanci, Riikka Ihalin, Anders JohanssonAbstract:Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a periodontal pathogen colonizing the oral cavity of a large proportion of the human population. It is equipped with several potent virulence factors that can cause cell death and induce or evade inflammation. Because of the large genetic diversity within the species, both harmless and highly virulent genotypes of the bacterium have emerged. The oral condition and age, as well as the geographic origin of the individual, influence the risk to be colonized by a virulent genotype of the bacterium. In the present review, the virulence and pathogenicity properties of A. Actinomycetemcomitans will be addressed.
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Tools of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans to Evade the Host Response.
Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2019Co-Authors: Jan Oscarsson, Carola Höglund Åberg, Rolf Claesson, Mark Lindholm, Anders JohanssonAbstract:Periodontitis is an infection-induced inflammatory disease that affects the tooth supporting tissues, i.e., bone and connective tissues. The initiation and progression of this disease depend on dysbiotic ecological changes in the oral microbiome, thereby affecting the severity of disease through multiple immune-inflammatory responses. Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a facultative anaerobic Gram-negative bacterium associated with such cellular and molecular mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. In the present review, we outline virulence mechanisms that help the bacterium to escape the host response. These properties include invasiveness, secretion of exotoxins, serum resistance, and release of outer membrane vesicles. Virulence properties of A. Actinomycetemcomitans that can contribute to treatment resistance in the infected individuals and upon translocation to the circulation, also induce pathogenic mechanisms associated with several systemic diseases.
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Comprehensive antimicrobial susceptibility testing of a large collection of clinical strains of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans does not identify resistance to amoxicillin.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2019Co-Authors: Anne Bjørnskov Jensen, Anders Johansson, Rolf Claesson, Dorte Haubek, Niels Nørskov-lauritsenAbstract:AIM: The present study aims to determine the susceptibility of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans to amoxicillin by investigating a large collection of oral strains of diverse geographical origi …
Scott C. Kachlany – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin ltxa leukothera mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications
Toxins, 2019Co-Authors: Scott C. Kachlany, Brian A Vega, Benjamin A BelinkaAbstract:Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is an oral pathogen that produces the RTX toxin, leukotoxin (LtxA; Leukothera®). A. Actinomycetemcomitans is strongly associated with the development of localized aggressive periodontitis. LtxA acts as a virulence factor for A. Actinomycetemcomitans to subvert the host immune response by binding to the β2 integrin lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1; CD11a/CD18) on white blood cells (WBCs), causing cell death. In this paper, we reviewed the state of knowledge on LtxA interaction with WBCs and the subsequent mechanisms of induced cell death. Finally, we touched on the potential therapeutic applications of LtxA (trade name Leukothera®) toxin therapy for the treatment of hematological malignancies and immune-mediated diseases.
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effects of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin on endothelial cells
Microbial Pathogenesis, 2013Co-Authors: Anelia Dietmann, Scott C. Kachlany, Alban Millonig, Valery Combes, Pierreolivier Couraud, Georges E GrauAbstract:Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a human pathogen that produces leukotoxin (LtxA) as a major virulence factor. In this study the effect of LtxA on microvascular endothelial cell viability and phenotype was studied. High doses of single LtxA treatment (500 ng/ml to 5 μg/ml) significantly and irreversibly decreased cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, as assessed by tetrazolium salt and annexin V assay, respectively. Apoptosis was partially inhibited by the pan-caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. LtxA caused a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase after 72 h. Between 500 ng/ml and 5 μg/ml, after long- or short-term stimulation LtxA increased the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, as well as the percentages of endothelial cells expressing these adhesion molecules. Thus, A. Actinomycetemcomitans LtxA has substantial pro-inflammatory effects on human brain endothelial cells by upregulation of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Furthermore, LtxA in higher concentration was found to decrease proliferation and induces apoptosis in microvascular endothelial cells.
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Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans Leukotoxin from Threat to Therapy
Journal of Dental Research, 2010Co-Authors: Scott C. KachlanyAbstract:Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative bacterium that colonizes the human oral cavity and is the causative agent for localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), an aggressive form of periodontal disease that occurs in adolescents. A. Actinomycetemcomitans secretes a protein toxin, leukotoxin (LtxA), which helps the bacterium evade the host immune response during infection. LtxA is a membrane-active toxin that specifically targets white blood cells (WBCs). In this review, we discuss recent developments in this field, including the identification and characterization of genes and proteins involved in secretion, regulation of LtxA, biosynthesis, newly described activities of LtxA, and how LtxA may be used as a therapy for the treatment of diseases.
Marchella Hendrayanti W – One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Paparan zat besi pada ekspresi protein spesifik extracellular polymeric substance biofilm Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans
Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi, 2014Co-Authors: Marchella Hendrayanti W, Indah Listiana KAbstract:Background: The study of biofilms bacteria could be an alternative of preventive treatment in reducing prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in the community, because biofilm protects the bacteria from environmental conditions, including the attack of immune system and antimicrobial. Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a major cause of bacterial aggressive periodontitis. Purpose: This study aims to examine the iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. Methods: Protein containing EPS biofilm was isolated from cultures of A.Actinomycetemcomitans. The protein was processed through several procedures: electrophoresis , electroelution , immunization of rabbits , serum isolation , and purification of antibodies. After the Western blotting procedure the antibody was used. Protein containing EPS biofilms exposed to iron, then once again isolated from cultures of A. Actinomycetemcomitans. The electrophoresis and Western blotting were done on the isolated protein. Results: The result showed that the the expression of specific proteins in EPS biofilm decreased in response to iron exposure. Conclusions: Iron exposure could influenced the specific protein expression in EPS biofilm of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans. Latar belakang: Penelitian terhadap bakteri biofilm dapat menjadi alternatif perawatan preventif dalam menurunkan prevalensi periodontitis agresif di masyarakat, karena biofilm melindungi bakteri terhadap kondisi lingkungan, termasuk serangan sistem imun dan antimikroba. Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans merupakan bakteri penyebab utama periodontitis agresif. Tujuan: Studi ini bertujuan meneliti paparan zat besi terhadap ekspresi protein spesifik extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans. Metode: Protein yang mengandung EPS biofilm diisolasi dari kultur A. Actinomycetemcomitans. Protein yang diisolasi ini kemudian melalui beberapa prosedur: elektroforesis, elektroelusi, imunisasi pada kelinci, isolasi serum, dan purifikasi antibodi. Pada prosedur Western blotting di sesi penelitian berikutnya antibodi ini digunakan. Protein yang mengandung EPS biofilm dipapar dengan zat besi, kemudian diisolasi sekali lagi dari kultur A. Actinomycetemcomitans. Protein yang diisolasi dilakukan elektroforesis dan Western blotting. Western blotting. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan hasil berupa penurunan ekspresi protein spesifik biofilm EPS sebagai respon terhadap paparan zat besi. Simpulan: Paparan zat besi memberi pengaruh ekspresi protein spesifik biofilm EPS Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans.
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Iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans biofilm
Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi, 2014Co-Authors: Marchella Hendrayanti W, Indah Listiana KriswandiniAbstract:Background The study of biofilms bacteria could be an alternative of preventive treatment in reducing prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in the community, because biofilm protects the bacteria from environmental conditions, including the attack of immune system and antimicrobial. Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a major cause of bacterial aggressive periodontitis. Purpose This study aims to examine the iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. Methods Protein containing EPS biofilm was isolated from cultures of A.Actinomycetemcomitans. The protein was processed through several procedures electrophoresis , electroelution , immunization of rabbits , serum isolation, and purification of antibodies. After the Western blotting procedure the antibody was used. Protein containing EPS biofilms exposed to iron, then once again isolated from cultures of A. Actinomycetemcomitans. The electrophoresis and Western blotting were done on the isolated protein. Results The result showed that the the expression of specific proteins in EPS biofilm decreased in response to iron exposure. Conclusions Iron exposure could influenced the specific protein expression in EPS biofilm of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans.
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Iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans biofilm Paparan zat besi pada ekspresi protein spesifik extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) biofilm Aggregatibacter a
, 2014Co-Authors: Marchella Hendrayanti W, Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Dosen Fakultas Kedokteran GigiAbstract:Background: The study of biofilms bacteria could be an alternative of preventive treatment in reducing prevalence of aggressive periodontitis in the community, because biofilm protects the bacteria from environmental conditions, including the attack of immune system and antimicrobial. Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans is a major cause of bacterial aggressive periodontitis. Purpose: This study aims to examine the iron exposure to specific protein expression of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans biofilm. Methods: Protein containing EPS biofilm was isolated from cultures of A.actinomycet emcomitans. The protein was processed through several procedures: electrophoresis , electroelution , immunization of rabbits , serum isolation, and purification of antibodies. After the Western blotting procedure the antibody was used. Protein containing EPS biofilms exposed to iron, then once again isolated from cultures of A. Actinomycetemcomitans. The electrophoresis and Western blotting were done on the isolated protein. Results: The result showed that the the expression of specific proteins in EPS biofilm decreased in response to iron exposure. Conclusions: Iron exposure could influenced the specific protein expression in EPS biofilm of Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans.