The Experts below are selected from a list of 537918 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marion Becker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nurse s aides in nursing homes the relationship between organization and quality
Gerontologist, 1992Co-Authors: Barbara J Bowers, Marion BeckerAbstract:: This study examines the work of the nurse's aide through a combination of participant observation and in-depth interviews with 30 nurse's aides. Data were analyzed using the grounded theory method of constant comparative dimensional analysis. Findings suggest that strategies developed by individual nurse's aides to organize their work are important determinants of both the quality of care and worker turnover. Quality of care may be better explained by Litwak's theory about the difficult juxtaposition between primary and formal groups than by the nurse's aides' lack of knowledge.
Michael Emerman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
the vpr protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing host cells
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1994Co-Authors: Nina Heinzinger, Michael Bukrinsky, Sheryl Haggerty, Anna M Ragland, Vineet N Kewalramani, Howard Eliot Gendelman, Lee Ratner, Mario Stevenson, Michael EmermanAbstract:Abstract The replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in nondividing host cells such as those of macrophage lineage is an important feature of AIDS pathogenesis. The pattern of HIV-1 replication is dictated, in part, by the nucleophilic property of the viral gag matrix (MA) protein, a component of the viral preintegration complex that facilitates nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in the absence of mitosis. We now identify the accessory viral protein Vpr, as a second nucleophilic component that influences nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing cells. Reverse transcription and nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids following infection of cells by viruses lacking Vpr or viruses containing mutations in a gag MA nuclear localization sequence were indistinguishable from the pattern observed in cells infected by wild-type HIV-1. These viruses retained the ability to replicate in both dividing and nondividing host cells including monocyte-derived macrophages. In contrast, introduction of both gag MA and Vpr mutations in HIV-1 attenuated nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids in nondividing cells and virus replication in monocyte-derived macrophages. These studies demonstrate redundant nucleophilic determinants of HIV-1 that independently permit nuclear localization of viral nucleic acids and virus replication in nondividing cells such as monocyte-derived macrophages. In addition, these studies provide a defined function for an accessory gene product of HIV-1.
Diane Brannon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nurse aide empowerment strategies and staff stability effects on nursing home resident outcomes
Gerontologist, 2005Co-Authors: Theresa Teta Barry, Diane BrannonAbstract:Purpose: This study examines the moderating effect of staff stability on the relationship between management practices used to empower nurse aides and resident outcomes in a multistate sample of nursing homes. An adaptation of Kanter’s theory of structural power in organizations guided the framework for the model used in this study. Design and Methods: Management practices and nurse aide staff stability measures were taken from a survey of directors of nursing (n = 156) and day-shift charge nurses (n = 430) in a stratified random sample of nursing facilities in Maine, Mississippi, New York, and Ohio (n = 156). Facility risk-adjusted pressure ulcer incidence rates and social engagement scores, taken from the Minimum Data Set, served as resident outcome measures. A hierarchical linear regression model was used to test the moderating effect of staff stability. Results: The situation in which higher numbers of rewards were given to nurse aide staff was associated with lower incidence of pressure ulcers, whereas the situation in which nurse aides had more influence in resident care decisions was associated with higher aggregate social engagement scores. The inclusion of nurse aide staff stability in the regression model provided additional explanatory information for the relationship between management practices and resident outcomes. Facilities experiencing low turnover and high retention were associated with lower pressure ulcer incidence, whereas facilities with high turnover and high retention were associated with higher social engagement scores. Implications: This study suggests that certain management practices used to empower nurse aides can influence resident outcomes. Further, effects of nurse aide staff stability vary with respect to the physical versus psychosocial nature of the outcome.
Qi Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
free ammonia AIDS ultrasound pretreatment to enhance short chain fatty acids production from waste activated sludge
Bioresource Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Dongbo Wang, Yongxia Huang, Xuran Liu, Qi YangAbstract:Abstract Ultrasound pretreatment was proved to be effective in accelerating waste activated sludge (WAS) disintegration and promoting anaerobic fermentative short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production. However, due to the high activities of SCFA consumers, SCFA yield is limited. Herein we reported an efficient strategy, i.e., using free ammonia (FA) to aid ultrasound pretreatment, to enhance SCFA accumulation. Experimental results showed that the greatest SCFA yield of 316.7 ± 14.9 mg COD/g VSS was obtained at 2 w/mL ultrasound pretreatment for 15 min followed by initial 60 mg/L FA pretreatment for 2 d, which was 2.2 times (1.7 times) of that from sole ultrasound (FA) pretreatment. The mechanism study revealed that this combination method accelerated sludge solubilization, enhanced the release of biodegradable organics, and caused severe inhibitions to SCFA consumption. Moreover, this method has inhibitory effects on specific activities of hydrolytic microorganisms, SCFA-producing bacteria and methanogens, but the inhibitions to methanogens were severe.
Barbara J Bowers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nurse s aides in nursing homes the relationship between organization and quality
Gerontologist, 1992Co-Authors: Barbara J Bowers, Marion BeckerAbstract:: This study examines the work of the nurse's aide through a combination of participant observation and in-depth interviews with 30 nurse's aides. Data were analyzed using the grounded theory method of constant comparative dimensional analysis. Findings suggest that strategies developed by individual nurse's aides to organize their work are important determinants of both the quality of care and worker turnover. Quality of care may be better explained by Litwak's theory about the difficult juxtaposition between primary and formal groups than by the nurse's aides' lack of knowledge.
