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Dedra Buchwald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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obesity risk factors in american indians and Alaska Natives a systematic review
Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Anna Zamorakapoor, Lonnie A Nelson, K Sinclair, H Lee, Dedra BuchwaldAbstract:Abstract Objectives We systematically reviewed the literature on risk factors for obesity in American Indians (AIs) and Alaska Natives (ANs) of all ages. Study design We searched titles and abstracts in PubMed with combinations of the following terms: obesity, body mass index (BMI), American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native American. Methods We limited our review to articles that provided an empirically testable claim about a variable associated with obesity, measured obesity as a dependent variable, and provided data specific to AI/ANs. Results Our final sample included 31 articles; 20 examined AI/AN youth ( Conclusions Extant studies have three limitations: they do not apply a life course perspective, they lack nationally representative data and have limited knowledge of the resilience, resistance and resourcefulness of AI/ANs. Future studies that avoid these shortcomings are needed to inform interventions to reduce the prevalence of obesity in AI/ANs across the life course.
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barriers to cancer care among american indians and Alaska Natives
Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 2016Co-Authors: Craig N Sawchuk, Jack Goldberg, Emily Van Dyke, Adam Omidpanah, Joan Russo, Ursula Tsosie, Dedra BuchwaldAbstract:Introduction . Cancer is among the leading causes of death in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs), with rates increasing over the last two decades. Barriers in accessing cancer screening and treatment likely contribute to this situation. Methods . We administered structured clinical interviews and conducted descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses of demographic, health, spiritual, and treatment factors associated with self-reported barriers to cancer care among 143 adult AI/AN oncology patients. Results . High levels of satisfaction with cancer care, older age, positive mental health quality of life, and positive physical health quality of life were all significantly associated with lower scores for cancer care barriers, explaining 27% of the total model variance. Conclusion . Addressing barriers to cancer care might help to reduce health disparities among AI/AN oncology patients. Future research should determine whether reducing barriers improves engagement with cancer treatment and overall health outcomes.
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prostate cancer screening among american indians and Alaska Natives the health and retirement survey 1996 2008
Preventing Chronic Disease, 2015Co-Authors: Turner R Goins, Carolyn Noonan, Marc B Schure, Dedra BuchwaldAbstract:INTRODUCTION Among US men, prostate cancer is the leading malignancy diagnosed and the second leading cause of cancer death. Disparities in cancer screening rates exist between American Indians/Alaska Natives and other racial/ethnic groups. Our study objectives were to examine prostate screening at 5 time points over a 12-year period among American Indian/Alaska Native men aged 50 to 75 years, and to compare their screening rates to African American men and white men in the same age group. METHODS We analyzed Health and Retirement Study data for 1996, 1998, 2000, 2004, and 2008. Prostate screening was measured by self-report of receipt of a prostate examination within the previous 2 years. Age-adjusted prevalence was estimated for each year. We used regression with generalized estimating equations to compare prostate screening prevalence by year and race. RESULTS Our analytic sample included 119 American Indian/Alaska Native men (n = 333 observations), 1,359 African American men (n = 3,704 observations), and 8,226 white men (n = 24,292 observations). From 1996 to 2008, prostate screening rates changed for each group: from 57.0% to 55.7% among American Indians/Alaska Natives, from 62.0% to 71.2% among African Americans, and from 68.6% to 71.3% among whites. Although the disparity between whites and African Americans shrank over time, it was virtually unchanged between whites and American Indians/Alaska Natives. CONCLUSION As of 2008, American Indians/Alaska Natives were less likely than African Americans and whites to report a prostate examination within the previous 2 years. Prevalence trends indicated a modest increase in prostate cancer screening among African Americans and whites, while rates remained substantially lower for American Indians/Alaska Natives.
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stroke in american indians and Alaska Natives a systematic review
American Journal of Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: Raymond Harris, Lonnie A Nelson, Clemma J Muller, Dedra BuchwaldAbstract:We conducted a systematic review of published studies on stroke epidemiology in American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs). We used MeSH terms and strict inclusion criteria to search PubMed, identifying a relevant sample of 57 refereed publications. We report a consensus view in which prevalent stroke is more common, and estimates of cerebrovascular risk factors are higher, among AI/ANs than among other US populations. Like other minority groups, AI/ANs suffer stroke at younger ages than do non-Hispanic Whites. However, data on AI/AN stroke mortality are significantly compromised by racial misclassification and nonrepresentative sampling. Studies correcting for these problems have found that stroke mortality rates among AI/ANs are among the highest of all US racial and ethnic groups. As with Black and non-Hispanic White stroke mortality, AI/AN stroke mortality varies by geographic region, with the highest rates in Alaska and the Northwest and the lowest in the Southwest. Our results underscore the need for a concerted national effort to collect accurate cross-sectional and longitudinal data on stroke in AI/ANs.
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posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms among american indians and Alaska Natives a review of the literature
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Deborah R Bassett, Dedra Buchwald, Spero M. MansonAbstract:Purpose American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) experience high rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We reviewed existing literature to address three interrelated questions: (1) What is the prevalence of PTSD and PTSD symptoms among AI/ANs? (2) What are the inciting events, risk factors, and co-morbidities in AI/ANs, and do they differ from those in the general U.S. population? (3) Are studies available to inform clinicians about the course and treatment of PTSD in this population?
Spero M. Manson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms among american indians and Alaska Natives a review of the literature
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2014Co-Authors: Deborah R Bassett, Dedra Buchwald, Spero M. MansonAbstract:Purpose American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) experience high rates of trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We reviewed existing literature to address three interrelated questions: (1) What is the prevalence of PTSD and PTSD symptoms among AI/ANs? (2) What are the inciting events, risk factors, and co-morbidities in AI/ANs, and do they differ from those in the general U.S. population? (3) Are studies available to inform clinicians about the course and treatment of PTSD in this population?
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American Indians/Alaska Natives and dementia.
Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders, 2002Co-Authors: Lori L. Jervis, Spero M. MansonAbstract:Summary:Although the Native elder population continues to expand, very little is known about how dementia of any kind affects this group. This article reviews what is and is not known about dementia among American Indians/Alaska Natives. Specifically, it examines prevalence, assessment and diagnosis
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mental health services for american indians and Alaska Natives need use and barriers to effective care
The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 2000Co-Authors: Spero M. MansonAbstract:This special review summarizes and illustrates the state of our knowledge regarding the mental health needs of American Indians and Alaska Natives. These needs are considerable and pervasive. The d...
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Assessing and Treating American Indians and Alaska Natives
Handbook of Multicultural Mental Health, 2000Co-Authors: Denise Anne Dillard, Spero M. MansonAbstract:Publisher Summary This chapter begins with a discussion of general factors that might impact the assessment and treatment of American Indians and Alaska Natives. The history of American Indians and Alaska Natives is briefly summarized and followed by a description of the unique demographic, socioeconomic, and health characteristics of the population. Some common cultural values among American Indians and Alaska Natives are then outlined. The chapter concludes with a shift to specific recommendations and guidelines to aid clinicians in accurately assessing and successfully treating their Indian and Native clientele. Given the lack of transportation as well as the distances between clinics and clients' homes, the first step in treatment with American Indians and Alaska Natives should be to identify where intervention should occur. In addition, because of the cultural emphasis on others, family or group therapy might fit better with an Indian or Native client's background and expectations than individual treatment. Another suggestion is that clinicians working with American Indians and Alaska Natives should spend as much time discussing areas of strength as areas of pathology.
Paul Spicer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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use of the evidence base in substance abuse treatment programs for american indians and Alaska Natives pursuing quality in the crucible of practice and policy
Implementation Science, 2011Co-Authors: Douglas K Novins, Gregory A Aarons, Sarah G Conti, Dennis Dahlke, Raymond Daw, Alexandra Fickenscher, Candace Fleming, Craig T Love, Kathleen Masis, Paul SpicerAbstract:A variety of forces are now shaping a passionate debate regarding the optimal approaches to improving the quality of substance abuse services for American Indian and Alaska Native communities. While there have been some highly successful efforts to meld the traditions of American Indian and Alaska Native tribes with that of 12-step approaches, some American Indian and Alaska Natives remain profoundly uncomfortable with the dominance of this Euro-American approach to substance abuse treatment in their communities. This longstanding tension has now been complicated by the emergence of a number of evidence-based treatments that, while holding promise for improving treatment for American Indian and Alaska Natives with substance use problems, may conflict with both American Indian and Alaska Native and 12-step healing traditions. We convened a panel of experts from American Indian and Alaska Native communities, substance abuse treatment programs serving these communities, and researchers to discuss and analyze these controversies in preparation for a national study of American Indian and Alaska Native substance abuse services. While the panel identified programs that are using evidence-based treatments, members still voiced concerns about the cultural appropriateness of many evidence-based treatments as well as the lack of guidance on how to adapt them for use with American Indians and Alaska Natives. The panel concluded that the efforts of federal and state policymakers to promote the use of evidence-based treatments are further complicating an already-contentious debate within American Indian and Alaska Native communities on how to provide effective substance abuse services. This external pressure to utilize evidence-based treatments is particularly problematic given American Indian and Alaska Native communities' concerns about protecting their sovereign status. Broadening this conversation beyond its primary focus on the use of evidence-based treatments to other salient issues such as building the necessary research evidence (including incorporating American Indian and Alaska Native cultural values into clinical practice) and developing the human and infrastructural resources to support the use of this evidence may be far more effective for advancing efforts to improve substance abuse services for American Indian and Alaska Native communities.
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attitudes of urban american indians and Alaska Natives regarding participation in research
Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Dedra Buchwald, Veronica Mendozajenkins, Calvin D Croy, Helen Mcgough, Marjorie Bezdek, Paul SpicerAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To determine what factors influence participation in health research among American Indians and Alaska Natives.
Azfar-e-alam Siddiqi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Assessing New Diagnoses of HIV Among American Indian/Alaska Natives Served by the Indian Health Service, 2005-2014.
Public Health Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Brigg Reilley, Jessica Leston, Marissa Person, Dana L. Haberling, Jonathan Iralu, Rick Haverkate, Azfar-e-alam SiddiqiAbstract:Objectives:The objectives of this study were to use Indian Health Service (IHS) data from electronic health records to analyze human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses among American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and to identify current rates and trends that can support data-driven policy implementation and resource allocation for this population.Methods:We analyzed provider visit data from IHS to capture all AI/AN patients who met a definition of a new HIV diagnosis from 2005 through 2014 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We calculated rates and trends of new HIV diagnoses by age, sex, region, and year per 100 000 AI/ANs in the IHS user population.Results:A total of 2273 AI/ANs met the definition of newly diagnosed with HIV from 2005 through 2014, an average annual rate of 15.1 per 100 000 AI/ANs. Most (356/391) IHS health facilities recorded at least 1 new HIV diagnosis. The rate of new HIV diagnoses among males (21.3 per 100 000 AI/ANs)...
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assessing new diagnoses of hiv among american indian Alaska Natives served by the indian health service 2005 2014
Public Health Reports, 2018Co-Authors: Brigg Reilley, Jessica Leston, Marissa Person, Dana L. Haberling, Jonathan Iralu, Rick Haverkate, Azfar-e-alam SiddiqiAbstract:Objectives:The objectives of this study were to use Indian Health Service (IHS) data from electronic health records to analyze human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnoses among American Indian/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) and to identify current rates and trends that can support data-driven policy implementation and resource allocation for this population.Methods:We analyzed provider visit data from IHS to capture all AI/AN patients who met a definition of a new HIV diagnosis from 2005 through 2014 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. We calculated rates and trends of new HIV diagnoses by age, sex, region, and year per 100 000 AI/ANs in the IHS user population.Results:A total of 2273 AI/ANs met the definition of newly diagnosed with HIV from 2005 through 2014, an average annual rate of 15.1 per 100 000 AI/ANs. Most (356/391) IHS health facilities recorded at least 1 new HIV diagnosis. The rate of new HIV diagnoses among males (21.3 per 100 000 AI/ANs)...
Dorothy A Rhoades - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the public health foundation of health services for american indians Alaska Natives
American Journal of Public Health, 2014Co-Authors: Everett R Rhoades, Dorothy A RhoadesAbstract:The integration of public health practices with federal health care for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) largely derives from three major factors: the sovereign nature of AI/AN tribes, the sociocultural characteristics exhibited by the tribes, and that AI/ANs are distinct populations residing in defined geographic areas. The earliest services consisted of smallpox vaccination to a few AI/AN groups, a purely public health endeavor. Later, emphasis on public health was codified in the Snyder Act of 1921, which provided for, among other things, conservation of the health of AI/AN persons. Attention to the community was greatly expanded with the 1955 transfer of the Indian Health Service from the US Department of the Interior to the Public Health Service and has continued with the assumption of program operations by many tribes themselves. We trace developments in integration of community and public health practices in the provision of federal health care services for AI/AN persons and discuss recent trends.
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racial misclassification and disparities in cardiovascular disease among american indians and Alaska Natives
Circulation, 2005Co-Authors: Dorothy A RhoadesAbstract:Background— National vital event data suggest that cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates are lower for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIAN) than for the general US population, but these data are disproportionately flawed for AIAN because of racial misclassification. Methods and Results— Vital event data adjusted for racial misclassification and published by the Indian Health Service were used to compare trends in CVD mortality from 1989 to 1991 to 1996 to 1998 between AIAN, US all-races, and US white populations. Without misclassification accounted for, AIAN initially had the lowest mortality rates from major CVD, but by the end of the study, their rates were the highest. Adjustment for misclassification revealed an early and rapidly growing disparity between CVD mortality rates among AIAN compared with rates in the US all-races and white populations. By 1996 to 1998, the age- and misclassification-adjusted number of CVD deaths per 100 000 among AIAN was 195.9 compared with age-adjusted rates...
