The Experts below are selected from a list of 3171 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chun-su Yuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Metabonomic Profiling Reveals Cancer Chemopreventive Effects of American Ginseng on Colon Carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ Mice
Journal of proteome research, 2015Co-Authors: Guoxiang Xie, Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su Yuan, Chun-feng Zhang, Yunping Qiu, Xiao-dong Wen, Wei JiaAbstract:American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines in the West. It has been reported to possess significant antitumor effects that inhibit the process of carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects remain largely unresolved. In this study, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive effects of American Ginseng on the progression of high fat (HF) diet-enhanced colorectal carcinogenesis with a genetically engineered ApcMin/+ mouse model. The metabolic alterations in sera of experimental mice perturbed by HF diet intervention as well as the American Ginseng treatment were measured by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) analysis. American Ginseng treatment significantly extended the life span of the ApcMin/+ mouse. Significant alterations of metabolites involving amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates were observed in ApcMin/...
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Adulteration and cultivation region identification of American Ginseng using HPLC coupled with multivariate analysis.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2014Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-jie Zhou, Bin Wang, Lide Han, Chun-feng Zhang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is originally grown in North America. Due to price difference and supply shortage, American Ginseng recently has been cultivated in northern China. Further, in the market, some Asian Ginsengs are labeled as American Ginseng. In this study, forty-three American Ginseng samples cultivated in the USA, Canada or China were collected and 14 Ginseng saponins were determined using HPLC. HPLC coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis was developed to identify the species. Subsequently, an HPLC-linear discriminant analysis was established to discriminate cultivation regions of American Ginseng. This method was successfully applied to identify the sources of 6 commercial American Ginseng samples. Two of them were identified as Asian Ginseng, while 4 others were identified as American Ginseng, which were cultivated in the USA (3) and China (1). Our newly developed method can be used to identify American Ginseng with different cultivation regions.
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Progress in anti-cancer research of American Ginseng: with an example of colorectal cancer
Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 2013Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:Cancer is a group of various diseases, all of which involve unregulated cell growth. Many currently used chemotherapeutic drugs are derived from botanicals. Thus, searching botanical sources for novel oncology medications, including identifying the lead compounds and their derivatives for chemoprevention, is an essential step in advancing cancer therapeutics. This article mainly focuses on the data from our previous American Ginseng anti-colon cancer studies. In addition to the potential role of American Ginseng on cancer, the herb as an adjuvant for cancer treatment is presented, including describing the attenuation of adverse events induced by chemotherapeutic agents and increasing of quality of cancer patient life. Since heat-treated American Ginseng and ginsenoside gut microbiome metabolites showed significant increases in cancer chemopreventive effects, active constituents of the steamed herb and their gut metabolites should be clearly identified, and the structure-activity relationship should be further explored. Data obtained from herbal medicine studies and clinical trials will help develop useful anticancer agents.
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Red American Ginseng and Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer - Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities, 2011Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed form of cancer among women. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in nearly all developed countries, showing an increased incidence over the last decades, and the expected number of new U.S. patients in 2010 would be 209,060, and the death number will be 40,230 1. The clinical management of breast cancer invariably involves diverse conventional modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation 2. The complex characteristics of breast cancer may also require some alternative management to improve the therapeutic efficacy of conventional treatment and the quality of life for cancer patients 3. American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is a commonly used herb in the United States which belongs to the genus Panax L. in family Araliaceae 4. Panax is a small genus, and nearly all species in this genus are important herbal medicines, especially Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer) 5. Since Asian Ginseng has been used as herbal medicine for a long history in oriental countries, many studies have been conducted on its constituents and its pharmacological effects 6. Asian Ginseng has many reported health benefits including anticancer activities 7-9. In the 1990s, a case-control study on over a thousand Korean subjects showed that long-term Ginseng consumption was associated with a decreased risk for many different cancers compared with those who did not consume Ginseng 10,11. In contrast to many studies on Asian Ginseng’s anticancer effects, investigation of American Ginseng is limited 7, and its mechanisms of action are largely unknown. American Ginseng extracts were found to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells12. We previously investigated the effects of several herbal extracts on reducing chemotherapeutic side effects and found that American Ginseng can attenuate cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in a rat model, while not affecting its anticancer properties in human cancer cells13. In addition, the extract from American Ginseng enhanced the antiproliferation effect of cisplatin on human breast cancer cells, suggesting that it possesses its own anticancer activity13. In Asia, Ginseng root is air-dried into white Ginseng or steamed at 100 °C to give red Ginseng. It is believed that red Ginseng is more pharmacologically effective than white Ginseng 14. The differences in the biological effects of white and red Asian Ginseng are attributed to the significant changes in ginsenosides from the steaming treatment 15. In this study, we treated American Ginseng root at various temperatures and heating times. After heat-processing, the root of American Ginseng, like Asian Ginseng, changes from white to red; steamed P. quinquefolius root is therefore referred to as red American Ginseng.
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ginsenosides from American Ginseng chemical and pharmacological diversity
Phytochemistry, 2011Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:Ginseng occupies a prominent position in the list of best-selling natural products in the world. Compared to the long history of use and widespread research on Asian Ginseng, the study of American Ginseng is relatively limited. In the past decade, some promising advances have been achieved in understanding the chemistry, pharmacology and structure-function relationship of American Ginseng. To date, there is no systematic review of American Ginseng. In this review, the different structures of the ginsenosides in American Ginseng are described, including naturally occurring compounds and those resulting from steaming or biotransformation. Preclinical and clinical studies published in the past decade are also discussed. Highlighted are the chemical and pharmacological diversity and potential structural-activity relationship of ginsenosides. The goal is that this article is a useful reference to chemists and biologists researching American Ginseng, and will open the door to agents in drug discovery.
Chong-zhi Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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American Ginseng microbial metabolites attenuate DSS-induced colitis and abdominal pain
International immunopharmacology, 2018Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-feng Zhang, Haiqiang Yao, Lina Chen, Jin-yi Wan, Wei-hua Huang, Jinxiang Zeng, Qi-hui Zhang, Zhi Liu, Jinbin YuanAbstract:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a significant public health problem in the United States. Abdominal pain is a major complaint among individuals with IBD. Successful IBD management not only controls enteric inflammation, but also reduces abdominal discomfort. Recently, increased attention has been focused on alternative strategies for IBD management. HPLC/Q-TOF-MS analysis was employed to evaluate the intestinal microbiome's biotransformation of parent American Ginseng compounds into their metabolites. Using a DSS mouse model, the effects of American Ginseng microbial metabolites on chemically induced colitis was investigated with disease activity index and histological assessment. Expressions of inflammatory cytokines were determined using real-time PCR and ELISA. Abdominal pain was evaluated using the von Frey filament test. After the gut microbiome's biotransformation, the major metabolites were found to be the compound K and ginsenoside Rg3. Compared with the DSS animal group, American Ginseng treatment significantly attenuated experimental colitis, as supported by the histological assessment. The enteric microbiome-derived metabolites of Ginseng significantly attenuated the abdominal pain. American Ginseng treatment significantly reduced gut inflammation, consistent with pro-inflammatory cytokine level changes. The gut microbial metabolite compound K showed significant anti-inflammatory effects even at low concentrations, compared to its parent ginsenoside Rb1. American Ginseng intestinal microbial metabolites significantly reduced chemically-induced colitis and abdominal pain, as mediated by the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. Intestinal microbial metabolism plays a critical role in American Ginseng mediated colitis management.
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Metabonomic Profiling Reveals Cancer Chemopreventive Effects of American Ginseng on Colon Carcinogenesis in ApcMin/+ Mice
Journal of proteome research, 2015Co-Authors: Guoxiang Xie, Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su Yuan, Chun-feng Zhang, Yunping Qiu, Xiao-dong Wen, Wei JiaAbstract:American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines in the West. It has been reported to possess significant antitumor effects that inhibit the process of carcinogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying its anticancer effects remain largely unresolved. In this study, we investigated the cancer chemopreventive effects of American Ginseng on the progression of high fat (HF) diet-enhanced colorectal carcinogenesis with a genetically engineered ApcMin/+ mouse model. The metabolic alterations in sera of experimental mice perturbed by HF diet intervention as well as the American Ginseng treatment were measured by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) and liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOFMS) analysis. American Ginseng treatment significantly extended the life span of the ApcMin/+ mouse. Significant alterations of metabolites involving amino acids, organic acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates were observed in ApcMin/...
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Adulteration and cultivation region identification of American Ginseng using HPLC coupled with multivariate analysis.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, 2014Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-jie Zhou, Bin Wang, Lide Han, Chun-feng Zhang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) is originally grown in North America. Due to price difference and supply shortage, American Ginseng recently has been cultivated in northern China. Further, in the market, some Asian Ginsengs are labeled as American Ginseng. In this study, forty-three American Ginseng samples cultivated in the USA, Canada or China were collected and 14 Ginseng saponins were determined using HPLC. HPLC coupled with hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis was developed to identify the species. Subsequently, an HPLC-linear discriminant analysis was established to discriminate cultivation regions of American Ginseng. This method was successfully applied to identify the sources of 6 commercial American Ginseng samples. Two of them were identified as Asian Ginseng, while 4 others were identified as American Ginseng, which were cultivated in the USA (3) and China (1). Our newly developed method can be used to identify American Ginseng with different cultivation regions.
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Progress in anti-cancer research of American Ginseng: with an example of colorectal cancer
Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica, 2013Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:Cancer is a group of various diseases, all of which involve unregulated cell growth. Many currently used chemotherapeutic drugs are derived from botanicals. Thus, searching botanical sources for novel oncology medications, including identifying the lead compounds and their derivatives for chemoprevention, is an essential step in advancing cancer therapeutics. This article mainly focuses on the data from our previous American Ginseng anti-colon cancer studies. In addition to the potential role of American Ginseng on cancer, the herb as an adjuvant for cancer treatment is presented, including describing the attenuation of adverse events induced by chemotherapeutic agents and increasing of quality of cancer patient life. Since heat-treated American Ginseng and ginsenoside gut microbiome metabolites showed significant increases in cancer chemopreventive effects, active constituents of the steamed herb and their gut metabolites should be clearly identified, and the structure-activity relationship should be further explored. Data obtained from herbal medicine studies and clinical trials will help develop useful anticancer agents.
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Red American Ginseng and Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer - Current and Alternative Therapeutic Modalities, 2011Co-Authors: Chong-zhi Wang, Chun-su YuanAbstract:Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed form of cancer among women. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in nearly all developed countries, showing an increased incidence over the last decades, and the expected number of new U.S. patients in 2010 would be 209,060, and the death number will be 40,230 1. The clinical management of breast cancer invariably involves diverse conventional modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation 2. The complex characteristics of breast cancer may also require some alternative management to improve the therapeutic efficacy of conventional treatment and the quality of life for cancer patients 3. American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) is a commonly used herb in the United States which belongs to the genus Panax L. in family Araliaceae 4. Panax is a small genus, and nearly all species in this genus are important herbal medicines, especially Asian Ginseng (Panax Ginseng C. A. Meyer) 5. Since Asian Ginseng has been used as herbal medicine for a long history in oriental countries, many studies have been conducted on its constituents and its pharmacological effects 6. Asian Ginseng has many reported health benefits including anticancer activities 7-9. In the 1990s, a case-control study on over a thousand Korean subjects showed that long-term Ginseng consumption was associated with a decreased risk for many different cancers compared with those who did not consume Ginseng 10,11. In contrast to many studies on Asian Ginseng’s anticancer effects, investigation of American Ginseng is limited 7, and its mechanisms of action are largely unknown. American Ginseng extracts were found to inhibit the growth of breast cancer cells12. We previously investigated the effects of several herbal extracts on reducing chemotherapeutic side effects and found that American Ginseng can attenuate cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in a rat model, while not affecting its anticancer properties in human cancer cells13. In addition, the extract from American Ginseng enhanced the antiproliferation effect of cisplatin on human breast cancer cells, suggesting that it possesses its own anticancer activity13. In Asia, Ginseng root is air-dried into white Ginseng or steamed at 100 °C to give red Ginseng. It is believed that red Ginseng is more pharmacologically effective than white Ginseng 14. The differences in the biological effects of white and red Asian Ginseng are attributed to the significant changes in ginsenosides from the steaming treatment 15. In this study, we treated American Ginseng root at various temperatures and heating times. After heat-processing, the root of American Ginseng, like Asian Ginseng, changes from white to red; steamed P. quinquefolius root is therefore referred to as red American Ginseng.
Haixue Kuang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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American Ginseng Regulates Gene Expression to Protect against Premature Ovarian Failure in Rats
BioMed research international, 2015Co-Authors: Lei Zhu, Nannan Xing, Dongwei Han, Haixue KuangAbstract:Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as lost ovarian functions before the age of 40. Three possible molecular markers (PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144) have been identified in our previous study by integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The present study aimed to evaluate American Ginseng root's protective potential against POF by studying transcriptional and protein variations between American Ginseng treatments and controls in rats. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was administered to rats for 14 days to induce POF. Additionally, American Ginseng was administered to POF rats for one month, and PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144 expressions were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. PLA2G4A protein expression was examined by Western Blot, and PGE2, LH, FSH, and E2 serum levels were detected by ELISA. PLA2G4A mRNA and protein were downregulated in American Ginseng-treated rats, miR-29a and miR-144 levels increased, and PGE2 serum levels decreased, while LH, FSH, and E2 increased compared to POF induction alone. Analysis of transcriptional and protein variations suggested that American Ginseng protects the ovary against POF by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis, ovulation, and preventing ovarian aging. High hormone levels (PGE2, FSH, and LH) were reduced, and E2 secretion approached normal levels, leading to improved POF symptoms and abnormal ovulation.
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Preventive Effect of American Ginseng Against Premature Ovarian Failure in a Rat Model
Drug development research, 2014Co-Authors: Nannan Xing, Lei Zhu, Dongwei Han, Yanhai Ren, Haixue KuangAbstract:Preclinical Research Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the WHO as the loss of physiological ovarian function before the age of 40. The effect of American Ginseng and its underlying mechanisms in preventing and treating premature ovarian failure (POF) was studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats where POF was induced by ip administration of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Rat behavior, serum hormone levels, ovarian and uterine size, pathological features, and ovarian tissue expression of genes associated with POF were assessed in controls, untreated POF model rats, and POF model rats treated with low- (1.125 g/kg), medium- (2.25 g/kg), and high-dose (4.5 g/kg) American Ginseng. Compared with untreated POF model rats, those treated with medium- and high-dose American Ginseng had more stable behavior and better coat appearance as well as serum hormone levels closer to those in control rats. Moreover, treatment with medium- or high-dose American Ginseng increased ovarian and uterine size. Hematoxylin and eosin-staining revealed mature follicles and endometrium with an alternating concave/convex surface structure with visible capillaries and glands in Ginseng- treated POF rats. PLA2G4A expression was positively correlated with POF, while the expression levels of PAPPA, STC2, CCL2, and NELL1 were negatively correlated with POF. Our study showed that American Ginseng may effectively prevent POF and alleviate POF symptoms by regulating serum hormone levels and altering the expression levels of genes related to POF in ovarian tissue.
Nannan Xing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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American Ginseng Regulates Gene Expression to Protect against Premature Ovarian Failure in Rats
BioMed research international, 2015Co-Authors: Lei Zhu, Nannan Xing, Dongwei Han, Haixue KuangAbstract:Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as lost ovarian functions before the age of 40. Three possible molecular markers (PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144) have been identified in our previous study by integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The present study aimed to evaluate American Ginseng root's protective potential against POF by studying transcriptional and protein variations between American Ginseng treatments and controls in rats. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was administered to rats for 14 days to induce POF. Additionally, American Ginseng was administered to POF rats for one month, and PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144 expressions were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. PLA2G4A protein expression was examined by Western Blot, and PGE2, LH, FSH, and E2 serum levels were detected by ELISA. PLA2G4A mRNA and protein were downregulated in American Ginseng-treated rats, miR-29a and miR-144 levels increased, and PGE2 serum levels decreased, while LH, FSH, and E2 increased compared to POF induction alone. Analysis of transcriptional and protein variations suggested that American Ginseng protects the ovary against POF by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis, ovulation, and preventing ovarian aging. High hormone levels (PGE2, FSH, and LH) were reduced, and E2 secretion approached normal levels, leading to improved POF symptoms and abnormal ovulation.
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Preventive Effect of American Ginseng Against Premature Ovarian Failure in a Rat Model
Drug development research, 2014Co-Authors: Nannan Xing, Lei Zhu, Dongwei Han, Yanhai Ren, Haixue KuangAbstract:Preclinical Research Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the WHO as the loss of physiological ovarian function before the age of 40. The effect of American Ginseng and its underlying mechanisms in preventing and treating premature ovarian failure (POF) was studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats where POF was induced by ip administration of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Rat behavior, serum hormone levels, ovarian and uterine size, pathological features, and ovarian tissue expression of genes associated with POF were assessed in controls, untreated POF model rats, and POF model rats treated with low- (1.125 g/kg), medium- (2.25 g/kg), and high-dose (4.5 g/kg) American Ginseng. Compared with untreated POF model rats, those treated with medium- and high-dose American Ginseng had more stable behavior and better coat appearance as well as serum hormone levels closer to those in control rats. Moreover, treatment with medium- or high-dose American Ginseng increased ovarian and uterine size. Hematoxylin and eosin-staining revealed mature follicles and endometrium with an alternating concave/convex surface structure with visible capillaries and glands in Ginseng- treated POF rats. PLA2G4A expression was positively correlated with POF, while the expression levels of PAPPA, STC2, CCL2, and NELL1 were negatively correlated with POF. Our study showed that American Ginseng may effectively prevent POF and alleviate POF symptoms by regulating serum hormone levels and altering the expression levels of genes related to POF in ovarian tissue.
Lei Zhu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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American Ginseng Regulates Gene Expression to Protect against Premature Ovarian Failure in Rats
BioMed research international, 2015Co-Authors: Lei Zhu, Nannan Xing, Dongwei Han, Haixue KuangAbstract:Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined as lost ovarian functions before the age of 40. Three possible molecular markers (PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144) have been identified in our previous study by integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression profiles. The present study aimed to evaluate American Ginseng root's protective potential against POF by studying transcriptional and protein variations between American Ginseng treatments and controls in rats. 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was administered to rats for 14 days to induce POF. Additionally, American Ginseng was administered to POF rats for one month, and PLA2G4A, miR-29a, and miR-144 expressions were measured in rat ovaries by qRT-PCR. PLA2G4A protein expression was examined by Western Blot, and PGE2, LH, FSH, and E2 serum levels were detected by ELISA. PLA2G4A mRNA and protein were downregulated in American Ginseng-treated rats, miR-29a and miR-144 levels increased, and PGE2 serum levels decreased, while LH, FSH, and E2 increased compared to POF induction alone. Analysis of transcriptional and protein variations suggested that American Ginseng protects the ovary against POF by regulating prostaglandin biosynthesis, ovulation, and preventing ovarian aging. High hormone levels (PGE2, FSH, and LH) were reduced, and E2 secretion approached normal levels, leading to improved POF symptoms and abnormal ovulation.
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Preventive Effect of American Ginseng Against Premature Ovarian Failure in a Rat Model
Drug development research, 2014Co-Authors: Nannan Xing, Lei Zhu, Dongwei Han, Yanhai Ren, Haixue KuangAbstract:Preclinical Research Premature ovarian failure (POF) is defined by the WHO as the loss of physiological ovarian function before the age of 40. The effect of American Ginseng and its underlying mechanisms in preventing and treating premature ovarian failure (POF) was studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats where POF was induced by ip administration of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD). Rat behavior, serum hormone levels, ovarian and uterine size, pathological features, and ovarian tissue expression of genes associated with POF were assessed in controls, untreated POF model rats, and POF model rats treated with low- (1.125 g/kg), medium- (2.25 g/kg), and high-dose (4.5 g/kg) American Ginseng. Compared with untreated POF model rats, those treated with medium- and high-dose American Ginseng had more stable behavior and better coat appearance as well as serum hormone levels closer to those in control rats. Moreover, treatment with medium- or high-dose American Ginseng increased ovarian and uterine size. Hematoxylin and eosin-staining revealed mature follicles and endometrium with an alternating concave/convex surface structure with visible capillaries and glands in Ginseng- treated POF rats. PLA2G4A expression was positively correlated with POF, while the expression levels of PAPPA, STC2, CCL2, and NELL1 were negatively correlated with POF. Our study showed that American Ginseng may effectively prevent POF and alleviate POF symptoms by regulating serum hormone levels and altering the expression levels of genes related to POF in ovarian tissue.