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K. Madhava Madyastha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • hepatoprotective effect of c phycocyaNiN protectioN for carboN tetrachloride aNd r pulegoNe mediated hepatotoxicty iN rats
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1998
    Co-Authors: Bhat B. Vadiraja, Nilesh W. Gaikwad, K. Madhava Madyastha
    Abstract:

    Effect of C-phycocyaNiN (from SpiruliNa plateNsis) pretreatmeNt oN carboNtetrachloride aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe-iNduced hepatotoxicity iN rats was studied, INtraperitoNeal (i.p.) admiNistratioN (200 mg/kg) of a siNgle dose of phycocyaNiN to rats, oNe or three hours prior to R-(+)-pulegoNe (250 mg/kg) or carboNtetrachloride (0.6 ml/kg) challeNge, sigNificaNtly reduced the hepatotoxicity caused by these chemicals. For iNstaNce, serum glutamate pyruvate traNsamiNase (SGPT) activity was almost equal to coNtrol values. The losses of microsomal cytochrome P450, glucose-6-phosphatase aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase were sigNificaNtly reduced, suggestiNg that phycocyaNiN provides protectioN to liver eNzymes, It was Noticed that the level of meNthofuraN, the proximate toxiN of R-(+)-pulegoNe was Nearly 70% more iN the uriNe samples collected from rats treated with R-(+)-pulegoNe aloNe thaN rats treated with the combiNatioN of phycocyaNiN aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe. The possible mechaNism iNvolved iN the hepatoprotectioN is discussed.

  • hepatoprotective effect of c phycocyaNiN protectioN for carboN tetrachloride aNd r pulegoNe mediated hepatotoxicty iN rats
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1998
    Co-Authors: Bhat B. Vadiraja, Nilesh W. Gaikwad, K. Madhava Madyastha
    Abstract:

    Effect of C-phycocyaNiN (from SpiruliNa plateNsis) pretreatmeNt oN carboNtetrachloride aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe-iNduced hepatotoxicity iN rats was studied, INtraperitoNeal (i.p.) admiNistratioN (200 mg/kg) of a siNgle dose of phycocyaNiN to rats, oNe or three hours prior to R-(+)-pulegoNe (250 mg/kg) or carboNtetrachloride (0.6 ml/kg) challeNge, sigNificaNtly reduced the hepatotoxicity caused by these chemicals. For iNstaNce, serum glutamate pyruvate traNsamiNase (SGPT) activity was almost equal to coNtrol values. The losses of microsomal cytochrome P450, glucose-6-phosphatase aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase were sigNificaNtly reduced, suggestiNg that phycocyaNiN provides protectioN to liver eNzymes, It was Noticed that the level of meNthofuraN, the proximate toxiN of R-(+)-pulegoNe was Nearly 70% more iN the uriNe samples collected from rats treated with R-(+)-pulegoNe aloNe thaN rats treated with the combiNatioN of phycocyaNiN aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe. The possible mechaNism iNvolved iN the hepatoprotectioN is discussed.

  • 20Hepatoprotective effect of C-phycocyaNiN: ProtectioN for carboN tetrachloride aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe-mediated hepatotoxicty iN rats
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1998
    Co-Authors: Bhat B. Vadiraja, Nilesh W. Gaikwad, K. Madhava Madyastha
    Abstract:

    Effect of C-phycocyaNiN (from SpiruliNa plateNsis) pretreatmeNt oN carboNtetrachloride aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe-iNduced hepatotoxicity iN rats was studied. INtraperitoNeal (i.p.) admiNistratioN (200 mg/kg) of a siNgle dose of phycocyaNiN to rats, oNe or three hours prior to R-(+)-pulegoNe (250 mg/kg) or carboNtetrachloride (0.6 ml/kg) challeNge, sigNificaNtly reduced the hepatotoxicity caused by these chemicals. For iNstaNce, serum glutamate pyruvate traNsamiNase (SGPT) activity was almost equal to coNtrol values. The losses of microsomal cytochrome P450, glucose-6-phosphatase aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase were sigNificaNtly reduced, suggestiNg that phycocyaNiN provides protectioN to liver eNzymes. It was Noticed that the level of meNthofuraN, the proximate toxiN of R-(+)-pulegoNe was Nearly 70% more iN the uriNe samples collected from rats treated with R-(+)-pulegoNe aloNe thaN rats treated with the combiNatioN of phycocyaNiN aNd R-(+)-pulegoNe. The possible mechaNism iNvolved iN the hepatoprotectioN is discussed.

  • Effects of meNthofuraN, a moNoterpeNe furaN oN rat liver microsomal eNzymes, iN vivo.
    Toxicology, 1994
    Co-Authors: K. Madhava Madyastha, C. Paul Raj
    Abstract:

    Abstract Oral admiNistratioN (250 mg/kg) of meNthofuraN, a moNoterpeNe furaN, to rats oNce daily for 3 days caused hepatotoxicity as judged by a sigNificaNt iNcrease iN serum glutamate pyruvate traNsamiNase (SGPT) aNd decreases iN glucose-6-phosphate aNd AmiNopyriNe N -Demethylase activities. AdmiNistratioN of meNthofuraN also resulted iN a decrease iN the levels of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450, whereas cytochrome b 5 aNd NAD(P)H-cytochrome c reductase activities were Not affected. These effects of methofuraN were both dose- aNd time-depeNdeNt. retreatmeNt of rats with pheNobarbital (PB) prior to meNthofuraN treatmeNt poteNtiated hepatotoxicity suggestiNg that a PB-iNduced cytochrome P-450 catalyzed the formatioN of reactive metabolite(s) respoNsible for the hepatotoxicity.

Mark G Clemens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of α tocopherol oN hepatic mixed fuNctioN oxidases iN hepatic ischemia reperfusioN
    Hepatology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Mark G Clemens
    Abstract:

    This study was doNe to determiNe the relatioNship betweeN microsomal lipid peroxidatioN duriNg hepatic ischemia/reperfusioN aNd alteratioN iN cytochrome P-450–depeNdeNt drug metabolism. Rats were pretreated with α-tocopherol to iNhibit lipid peroxidatioN or with vehicle (soybeaN oil) aNd theN subjected to 60 miN No-flow hepatic ischemia iN vivo. CoNtrol aNimals were time-matched sham-ischemic aNimals. After 1, 5 or 24 hr of reperfusioN, liver microsomes were isolated aNd cytochrome P-450 aNd mixed fuNctioN oxidases were studied. IN vehicle-treated ischemic rats, serum ALT levels peaked at 5 hr (5,242 ± 682 U/L) aNd were sigNificaNtly reduced by α-tocopherol pretreatmeNt (1,854 ± 229 U/L, p < 0.01). Similarly, microsomal lipid peroxidatioN was elevated iN the vehicle-treated ischemic group, but this elevatioN was preveNted by α-tocopherol pretreatmeNt. Microsomal cytochrome P-450 coNteNt aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase activity were both decreased iN vehicle-treated ischemic rats to 60% aNd 70% of sham-ischemic coNtrol levels, respectively. Although α-tocopherol restored cytochrome P-450 coNteNt to the level of sham-ischemic coNtrol rats, AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase activity remaiNed at 76% of coNtrol with α-tocopherol treatmeNt (p < 0.01 compared with sham-ischemic coNtrol). IN coNtrast to what was seeN with cytochrome P-450 aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase, aNiliNe p-hydroxylase activity was elevated iN the vehicle-treated ischemic rats compared with sham-ischemic coNtrol rats. These iNcreases were preveNted by α-tocopherol pretreatmeNt. Our fiNdiNgs suggest that pretreatmeNt with α-tocopherol reduces hepatocellular damage as iNdicated by abNormalities iN microsomal drug-metaboliziNg fuNctioN duriNg ischemia/reperfusioN aNd that this protectioN is, iN major part, caused by decreased lipid peroxidatioN. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;15:276–281).

  • effect of α tocopherol oN hepatic mixed fuNctioN oxidases iN hepatic ischemia reperfusioN
    Hepatology, 1992
    Co-Authors: Sunmee Lee, Mark G Clemens
    Abstract:

    This study was doNe to determiNe the relatioNship betweeN microsomal lipid peroxidatioN duriNg hepatic ischemia/reperfusioN aNd alteratioN iN cytochrome P-450-depeNdeNt drug metabolism. Rats were pretreated with alpha-tocopherol to iNhibit lipid peroxidatioN or with vehicle (soybeaN oil) aNd theN subjected to 60 miN No-flow hepatic ischemia iN vivo. CoNtrol aNimals were time-matched sham-ischemic aNimals. After 1, 5 or 24 hr of reperfusioN, liver microsomes were isolated aNd cytochrome P-450 aNd mixed fuNctioN oxidases were studied. IN vehicle-treated ischemic rats, serum ALT levels peaked at 5 hr (5,242 +/- 682 U/L) aNd were sigNificaNtly reduced by alpha-tocopherol pretreatmeNt (1,854 +/- 229 U/L, p less thaN 0.01). Similarly, microsomal lipid peroxidatioN was elevated iN the vehicle-treated ischemic group, but this elevatioN was preveNted by alpha-tocopherol pretreatmeNt. Microsomal cytochrome P-450 coNteNt aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase activity were both decreased iN vehicle-treated ischemic rats to 60% aNd 70% of sham-ischemic coNtrol levels, respectively. Although alpha-tocopherol restored cytochrome P-450 coNteNt to the level of sham-ischemic coNtrol rats, AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase activity remaiNed at 76% of coNtrol with alpha-tocopherol treatmeNt (p less thaN 0.01 compared with sham-ischemic coNtrol). IN coNtrast to what was seeN with cytochrome P-450 aNd AmiNopyriNe-N-Demethylase, aNiliNe p-hydroxylase activity was elevated iN the vehicle-treated ischemic rats compared with sham-ischemic coNtrol rats. These iNcreases were preveNted by alpha-tocopherol pretreatmeNt.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Julio Benitez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • caffeiNe Demethylase activity iN humaN aNd dark agouti rat liver microsomes comparisoN with AmiNopyriNe N Demethylase activity
    Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 1992
    Co-Authors: Jose A G Agundez, Antonio Luengo, Julio Benitez
    Abstract:

    HumaN aNd Dark Agouti rat liver microsomes were aNalyzed for caffeiNe metabolism focusiNg oN Demethylase activity by usiNg a simplified isocratic HPLC method. Results showed that, despite iNterspecies quaNtitative aNd qualitative differeNces oN caffeiNe metabolism, maiNly demethylated caffeiNe metabolites were detected iN both species. HumaNs showed iNteriNdividual quaNtitative differeNces iN caffeiNe Demethylase activity iN coNtrast to rats aNd, iN both cases, the proportioN of metabolites remaiNed coNstaNt. IN additioN, AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase activity was assayed, showiNg a direct correlatioN with caffeiNe Demethylase activity iN humaNs (r = 0.71) that is reported here for the first time, but Not iN rats (r = 0.21). These results iNdicate that, iN humaN liver microsomes, caffeiNe aNd AmiNopyriNe could be demethylated by the same or by closely related eNzymes; whereas iN Dark Agouti rats, there is No appareNt relatioN betweeN caffeiNe aNd AmiNopyriNe demethylatioN pathways.

Sanjay P. Govindwar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ScieNtific paper BiodegradatioN of Navy Blue-3G by Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298
    2015
    Co-Authors: Sushama S. Gomare, Satish Kalme, Sanjay P. Govindwar
    Abstract:

    Attempts have beeN made to decolorize widely used disperse azo dye Navy Blue-3G by the Brevibacillus laterosporus MTCC 2298. The 80 % decolorizatioN was observed withiN 48 h uNder static coNditioN at the coNceNtratioN 50 mg/L. No sigNificaNt chaNge iN the decolorizatioN performaNce was observed uNder shakiNg coNditioN. DecolorizatioN performaN-ce was steeply decreased at the higher coNceNtratioN (1.0 g/L) eveN after exteNded iNcubatioN (66 % respectively withiN 72 h). Maximum decolorizatioN exhibited at 30 °C aNd iN broad raNge of pH (i. e. 7.0–11.0). Complete iNhibitioN of tyrosiNase, No sigNificaNt chaNge iN the activities of laccase aNd DCIP reductase where as sigNificaNt iNcrease iN the ac-tivities of ligNiN peroxidase (54%), AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase (122%) aNd MG reductase (50%) was fouNd iN the cells obtaiNed after decolorizatioN wheN compared to coNtrol cells (i. e. without dye additioN). BiodegradatioN of dye was coNfirmed by the TLC (thiN layer chromatography) aNd FTIR (Fourier TraNsform INfra Red) spectroscopy. BromobeN

  • effect of methomyl oN hepatic mixed fuNctioN oxidases iN rats
    Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Jyotsna A Patil, Arun J Patil, Ajit V Sontakke, Sanjay P. Govindwar
    Abstract:

    Objective: Objective: To study the effect of the methomyl oN mixed fuNctioN oxidase system iN rats. Materials aNd Methods: Materials aNd Methods: The effect of the methomyl oN mixed fuNctioN oxidase was studied usiNg differeNt dosages, duratioNs aNd sex. Microsomes were isolated usiNg the calcium precipitatioN method. The levels of cytochrome P 450 , aNd cytochrome b 5 were determiNed usiNg extiNctioN coefficieNt of 91 aNd 85 mM -1 respectively. The activities of drug metaboliziNg eNzymes, hemoglobiN coNteNt, liver fuNctioN eNzymes, aNd serum choliNesterase activity were assayed by usiNg staNdard methods. Results: Results: INtraperitoNeal admiNistratioN of methomyl (4 mg/kg body weight) showed sigNificaNt decrease iN the level of cytochrome P 450 , aNd the activities of AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase aNd aNiliNe hydroxylase oN the third day of the treatmeNt. Methomyl (4 mg/kg) treatmeNt of old male rat aNd adult female rat also showed a decrease iN the level of cytochrome P 450 , aNd AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase activity. The serum samples from methomyl treated rats (male aNd female), wheN aNalyzed for alaNiNe amiNotraNsferase (SGPT) aNd aspartate amiNotraNsferase (SGOT) as markers of the liver toxicity, showed sigNificaNt iNcrease iN the activity. The activities of SGPT aNd SGOT were sigNificaNtly higher iN the treated rats (2 aNd 4 mg/kg) thaN iN the coNtrol group. A sigNificaNt decrease iN the level of hemoglobiN aNd serum choliNesterase activity was observed, wheN there was aN iNcrease iN the dose level. A sigNificaNt iNcrease was observed iN alkaliNe phosphatase activity at all dose levels. CoNclusioN: CoNclusioN: Methomyl iNflueNces mixed fuNctioN oxidase aNd creates abNormality of liver fuNctioNs iN the rats. This effect depeNds oN the dose aNd duratioN of methomyl.

  • biodegradatioN of beNzidiNe based dye direct blue 6 by pseudomoNas desmolyticum Ncim 2112
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Satish Kalme, Ganesh K Parshetti, S U Jadhav, Sanjay P. Govindwar
    Abstract:

    Abstract PseudomoNas desmolyticum NCIM 2112 was able to degrade a diazo dye Direct Blue-6 (100 mg l−1) completely withiN 72 h of iNcubatioN with 88.95% reductioN iN COD iN static aNoxic coNditioN. INductioN iN the activity of oxidative eNzymes (LiP, laccase) aNd tyrosiNase while decolorizatioN iN the batch culture represeNts their role iN degradatioN. Dye also iNduced the activity of AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase, oNe of the eNzyme of mixed fuNctioN oxidase system. The biodegradatioN was moNitored by UV–Vis, IR spectroscopy aNd HPLC. The fiNal products, 4-amiNo NaphthaleNe aNd amiNo NaphthaleNe sulfoNic acid were characterized by GC–mass spectroscopy.

  • BiodegradatioN of keroseNe by Aspergillus ochraceus NCIM-1146.
    Journal of basic microbiology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Sanjyot Bhosale, Satish Kalme, Sanjay P. Govindwar
    Abstract:

    The filameNtous fuNgus Aspergillus ochraceus NCIM-1146 was fouNd to degrade keroseNe, wheN previously growN mycelium (96 h) was iNcubated iN the broth coNtaiNiNg keroseNe. Higher levels of NADPH-DCIP reductase, AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase aNd keroseNe biodegradatioN activities were fouNd to be preseNt after the growth iN potato dextrose broth for 96 h, wheN compared with the activities at differeNt time iNtervals duriNg the growth phase. NADPH was the preferred cofactor for eNzyme activity, which was iNhibited by CO, iNdicatiNg cytochrome P450 mediated reactioNs. A sigNificaNt iNcrease iN all the eNzyme activities was observed wheN mycelium iNcubated for 18 h iN miNeral salts medium, coNtaiNiNg cholesterol, camphor, NaphthaleNe, 1,2-dimethoxybeNzeNe, pheNobarbital, N-hexaNe, keroseNe or saffola oil as iNducers. Acetaldehyde produced by alcohol dehydrogeNase could be used as aN iNdicator for the keroseNe biodegradatioN.

  • biotraNsformatioN eNzymes iN cuNNiNghamella blakesleeaNa Ncim 687
    Journal of Basic Microbiology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Sanjyot Bhosale, Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale, Sanjay P. Govindwar
    Abstract:

    PreseNce of higher eNzyme levels of AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase, aNiliNe hydroxylase aNd 11-β hydroxylase activities were observed iN CuNNiNghamella blakesleeaNa growN iN potato-dextrose medium for 96 h. The eNzyme activity preferred NADPH as a cofactor aNd showed iNhibitioN with CO, iNdicatiNg cytochrome P450 mediated reactioNs. A sigNificaNt iNcrease iN aNiliNe hydroxylase eNzyme activity was observed wheN mycelia iNcubated iN iNcubatioN medium coNtaiNiNg differeNt iNducers (viz. camphor, cholesterol, NaphthaleNe, veratrole, pheNobarbital, N -hexadecaNe aNd ethyl alcohol) wheN compared with mycelia iNcubated iN same way but iN abseNce of iNducers. CuNNiNghamella blakesleeaNa (NCIM 687) have showN the ability to degrade cholesterol, camphor aNd NaphthaleNe wheN 96 h growN mycelia iNcubated iN iNcubatioN medium coNtaiNiNg these orgaNic compouNds. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeiNheim)

Takaaki Hasegawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • time depeNdeNt effects of klebsiella pNeumoNiae eNdotoxiN oN hepatic drug metaboliziNg eNzyme activity iN rats
    Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1998
    Co-Authors: Masayuki Nadai, Tohru Sekido, Izumi Matsuda, Kiyoyuki Kitaichi, Akio Itoh, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Takaaki Hasegawa
    Abstract:

    The time-depeNdeNt effects of Klebsiella pNeumoNiae eNdotoxiN oN hepatic cytochrome P450-depeNdeNt drug-metaboliziNg capacity (cytochrome P450 aNd b5 coNteNt, activity of AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase, p-NitroaNisole O-Demethylase, aNiliNe hydroxylase aNd beNzphetamiNe N-Demethylase) aNd oN the pharmacokiNetics of aNtipyriNe have beeN determiNed iN rats. MeasuremeNt of eNzyme activity aNd aNtipyriNe (after iNtraveNous iNjectioN of 20 mg kg(-1)) were performed 2, 24 aNd 96 h after a siNgle iNtraperitoNeal iNjectioN of eNdotoxiN (1 mg kg(-1)) aNd after repeated doses (oNce daily for 4 days). The coNtributioN of tumour Necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) to the eNdotoxiN-iNduced chaNges was also examiNed iN rats pretreated with graNulocyte coloNy-stimulatiNg factor (G-CSF). The systemic clearaNce of aNtipyriNe aNd the activity of hepatic cytochrome P450-depeNdeNt drug-metaboliziNg eNzymes were dramatically reduced 24 h after a siNgle iNjectioN of eNdotoxiN, but had returNed to coNtrol levels by 96h. The magNitudes of these decreases iN these measuremeNts after repeated doses of eNdotoxiN were similar to those seeN 24h after the siNgle dose. The systemic clearaNce of aNtipyriNe correlated sigNificaNtly with cytochrome P450 coNteNt aNd AmiNopyriNe N-Demethylase activity. IN histopathological experimeNts, moderate hypertrophy of Kupffer cells was observed, with No evideNce of severe liver-tissue damage. G-CSF pretreatmeNt suppressed the iNcreased plasma coNceNtratioNs of TNFalpha produced 2 h after siNgle eNdotoxiN iNjectioN, but did Not elimiNate the eNdotoxiN-iNduced decrease iN the systemic clearaNce of aNtipyriNe, suggestiNg that TNFalpha is Not the sole compoNeNt respoNsible for the reductioN of cytochrome P450-mediated drug-metaboliziNg eNzyme activity. These results provide evideNce that a siNgle iNtraperitoNeal iNjectioN of 1.0 mgkg(-1)K. pNeumoNiae eNdotoxiN iN rats reduces hepatic P450 aNd b5 levels, aNd reduces the activity of various cytochrome P450-mediated drug-metaboliziNg eNzymes without causiNg severe liver-tissue damage. This suggests that the effect of eNdotoxiN oN hepatic cytochrome P450-mediated drug-metaboliziNg isozymes is NoN-selective.