The Experts below are selected from a list of 483 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Xiangjin Meng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expression of the putative orf1 capsid protein of torque teno sus virus 2 ttsuv2 and development of western blot and elisa serodiagnostic assays correlation between ttsuv2 viral load and igg antibody level in pigs
Virus Research, 2011Co-Authors: Yaowei Huang, Kylie K Harrall, Barbara A Dryman, Nathan M Beach, Scott P Kenney, Tanja Opriessnig, E M Vaughn, Michael B Roof, Xiangjin MengAbstract:Abstract Porcine Torque teno virus (TTV) has a single-stranded circular DNA genome and is currently classified into a new genus Iotatorquevirus with two species in a newly established family Anelloviridae . Viral DNA of both porcine TTV species (TTSuV1 and TTSuV2) has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of TTSuV with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same species has been documented in the United States and in Europe. However, the prevalence of specific TTSuV antibodies in pigs remains unknown. In this study, the putative ORF1 capsid protein from TTSuV2 isolate PTTV2c-VA was expressed in Escherichia coli . The purified recombinant ORF1 protein was used as the antigen for the development of Western blot and indirect ELISA to detect TTSuV2-specific IgG antibodies in pig sera. The results revealed a relatively high rate of seropositivity to TTSuV2 in conventional pigs from different sources but not in gnotobiotic pigs. Overall, pigs with undetectable TTSuV2 viral load were more likely to have a lower anti-TTSuV2 antibody level. An analysis of 10 conventional pigs during a 2-month period showed that decreased viral loads or presumed virus clearance were associated with elevated anti-ORF1 IgG antibody levels. Interestingly, porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)-affected pigs had a significantly lower level of TTSuV2 antibody than PCVAD-unaffected pigs ( p
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expression of the putative orf1 capsid protein of torque teno sus virus 2 ttsuv2 and development of western blot and elisa serodiagnostic assays correlation between ttsuv2 viral load and igg antibody level in pigs
Virus Research, 2011Co-Authors: Yaowei Huang, Kylie K Harrall, Barbara A Dryman, Nathan M Beach, Scott P Kenney, Tanja Opriessnig, E M Vaughn, Michael B Roof, Xiangjin MengAbstract:Porcine Torque teno virus (TTV) has a single-stranded circular DNA genome and is currently classified into a new genus Iotatorquevirus with two species in a newly established family Anelloviridae. Viral DNA of both porcine TTV species (TTSuV1 and TTSuV2) has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of TTSuV with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same species has been documented in the United States and in Europe. However, the prevalence of specific TTSuV antibodies in pigs remains unknown. In this study, the putative ORF1 capsid protein from TTSuV2 isolate PTTV2c-VA was expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant ORF1 protein was used as the antigen for the development of Western blot and indirect ELISA to detect TTSuV2-specific IgG antibodies in pig sera. The results revealed a relatively high rate of seropositivity to TTSuV2 in conventional pigs from different sources but not in gnotobiotic pigs. Overall, pigs with undetectable TTSuV2 viral load were more likely to have a lower anti-TTSuV2 antibody level. An analysis of 10 conventional pigs during a 2-month period showed that decreased viral loads or presumed virus clearance were associated with elevated anti-ORF1 IgG antibody levels. Interestingly, porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)-affected pigs had a significantly lower level of TTSuV2 antibody than PCVAD-unaffected pigs (p<0.01). This is the first study to establish essential serodiagnostic tools for investigation of TTSuV seroprevalence and infection dynamics, which will help elucidate the potential pathogenicity of TTSuV infection in pigs.
Galmès Johanna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Isolation and characterization of new species of Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV) : potential implication in the pathogenesis of pneumonia
2013Co-Authors: Galmès JohannaAbstract:La pneumonie est la première cause de mortalité chez l’enfant dans le monde. Elle peut être provoquée par un certain nombre d’agents pathogènes connus mais 15 à 35% des pneumonies de l’enfant restent encore non renseignées d’un point de vue étiologique. L’utilisation d’un test moléculaire de découverte de nouveaux pathogènes nous a permis de découvrir de nouvelles espèces de Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), nommées TTMV-LY, dans trois épanchements pleuraux provenant d’enfants hospitalisés avec une pleuro-pneumopathie, dont l’étiologie demeurait inconnue. Les TTMV sont des virus ubiquitaires dont l’implication dans une pathologie reste à déterminer. Les voies respiratoires ayant précédemment été décrites pour être un site d'infection des anellovirus, nous avons entrepris de caractériser ces nouveaux virus, ainsi que d’étudier leur potentiel rôle dans la pathogénèse.Les génomes complets de TTMV-LY ont été isolés, caractérisés puis répliqués in vitro. La réponse des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires, ainsi que des cellules présentatrices d’antigènes (CPA), impliquées dans l’inflammation, a été étudiée après infection par les virions néo-synthétisés.Ces travaux ont démontré que : i) les TTMV-LY peuvent coloniser les poumons en profondeur, ii) les cellules pulmonaires sont permissives aux TTMV-LY et permettent une réplication virale efficace, iii) l’infection virale module les réponses cellulaires et immunitaires des cellules pulmonaires en induisant des dérégulations de l’expression génique et la production de médiateurs inflammatoires, iv) les TTMV-LY seraient capables d’interagir avec les CPA et de réguler ainsi différentiellement le processus inflammatoire.L’ensemble de ces résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence une implication potentielle des TTMV-LY dans la pathogénèse des pneumopathies, et souligné la complexité des mécanismes biologiques mis en jeu lors de l’infection par les virus de cette famille.Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. It can be caused by a number of known pathogens, but 15-35% of childhood pneumonia are still not associated with an etiologic agent. A pathogen discovery assay allowed us to identify new species of Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), named TTMV-LY, in three undiagnosed pleural effusions from children hospitalized with parapneumonic empyema. TTMV are ubiquitous orphan viruses, and their involvement in pathogenesis remains unknown. The respiratory tract was previously described to be a site of anellovirus detection. We investigated the role of these new species in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia.Full-length TTMV-LY genomes were isolated and in vitro replicated. The response of alveolar epithelial cells, and antigen presenting cells (APC), both involved in the inflammation process, was studied after infection with neo-synthesized virions.This study showed for the first time that: i) TTMV-LY can deeply colonize lungs, ii) alveolar epithelial cells are permissive to the TTMV-LY and allow an efficient replication, iii) viral infection modulates cellular and innate immune responses of alveolar epithelial cells, by inducing gene expression deregulations and inflammatory mediators production, iv) TTMV-LY are able to interact with APC and thereby regulate differentially their inflammatory process.All these results allowed to highlight a potential involvement of TTMV-LY in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia and brought out the complexity of the biological mechanisms taking place during infection by viruses of this family
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Isolement et caractérisation de nouvelles espèces de Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV) : implication potentielle dans la pathogenèse de la pneumonie
HAL CCSD, 2013Co-Authors: Galmès JohannaAbstract:Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. It can be caused by a number of known pathogens, but 15-35% of childhood pneumonia are still not associated with an etiologic agent. A pathogen discovery assay allowed us to identify new species of Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), named TTMV-LY, in three undiagnosed pleural effusions from children hospitalized with parapneumonic empyema. TTMV are ubiquitous orphan viruses, and their involvement in pathogenesis remains unknown. The respiratory tract was previously described to be a site of anellovirus detection. We investigated the role of these new species in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia.Full-length TTMV-LY genomes were isolated and in vitro replicated. The response of alveolar epithelial cells, and antigen presenting cells (APC), both involved in the inflammation process, was studied after infection with neo-synthesized virions.This study showed for the first time that: i) TTMV-LY can deeply colonize lungs, ii) alveolar epithelial cells are permissive to the TTMV-LY and allow an efficient replication, iii) viral infection modulates cellular and innate immune responses of alveolar epithelial cells, by inducing gene expression deregulations and inflammatory mediators production, iv) TTMV-LY are able to interact with APC and thereby regulate differentially their inflammatory process.All these results allowed to highlight a potential involvement of TTMV-LY in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia and brought out the complexity of the biological mechanisms taking place during infection by viruses of this family.La pneumonie est la première cause de mortalité chez l’enfant dans le monde. Elle peut être provoquée par un certain nombre d’agents pathogènes connus mais 15 à 35% des pneumonies de l’enfant restent encore non renseignées d’un point de vue étiologique. L’utilisation d’un test moléculaire de découverte de nouveaux pathogènes nous a permis de découvrir de nouvelles espèces de Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), nommées TTMV-LY, dans trois épanchements pleuraux provenant d’enfants hospitalisés avec une pleuro-pneumopathie, dont l’étiologie demeurait inconnue. Les TTMV sont des virus ubiquitaires dont l’implication dans une pathologie reste à déterminer. Les voies respiratoires ayant précédemment été décrites pour être un site d'infection des anellovirus, nous avons entrepris de caractériser ces nouveaux virus, ainsi que d’étudier leur potentiel rôle dans la pathogénèse.Les génomes complets de TTMV-LY ont été isolés, caractérisés puis répliqués in vitro. La réponse des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires, ainsi que des cellules présentatrices d’antigènes (CPA), impliquées dans l’inflammation, a été étudiée après infection par les virions néo-synthétisés.Ces travaux ont démontré que : i) les TTMV-LY peuvent coloniser les poumons en profondeur, ii) les cellules pulmonaires sont permissives aux TTMV-LY et permettent une réplication virale efficace, iii) l’infection virale module les réponses cellulaires et immunitaires des cellules pulmonaires en induisant des dérégulations de l’expression génique et la production de médiateurs inflammatoires, iv) les TTMV-LY seraient capables d’interagir avec les CPA et de réguler ainsi différentiellement le processus inflammatoire.L’ensemble de ces résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence une implication potentielle des TTMV-LY dans la pathogénèse des pneumopathies, et souligné la complexité des mécanismes biologiques mis en jeu lors de l’infection par les virus de cette famille
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Isolement et caractérisation de nouvelles espèces de Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV) (implication potentielle dans la pathogenèse de la pneumonie)
2013Co-Authors: Galmès Johanna, Paranhos-baccala GlauciaAbstract:La pneumonie est la première cause de mortalité chez l enfant dans le monde. Elle peut être provoquée par un certain nombre d agents pathogènes connus mais 15 à 35% des pneumonies de l enfant restent encore non renseignées d un point de vue étiologique. L utilisation d un test moléculaire de découverte de nouveaux pathogènes nous a permis de découvrir de nouvelles espèces de Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), nommées TTMV-LY, dans trois épanchements pleuraux provenant d enfants hospitalisés avec une pleuro-pneumopathie, dont l étiologie demeurait inconnue. Les TTMV sont des virus ubiquitaires dont l implication dans une pathologie reste à déterminer. Les voies respiratoires ayant précédemment été décrites pour être un site d'infection des anellovirus, nous avons entrepris de caractériser ces nouveaux virus, ainsi que d étudier leur potentiel rôle dans la pathogénèse.Les génomes complets de TTMV-LY ont été isolés, caractérisés puis répliqués in vitro. La réponse des cellules épithéliales alvéolaires, ainsi que des cellules présentatrices d antigènes (CPA), impliquées dans l inflammation, a été étudiée après infection par les virions néo-synthétisés.Ces travaux ont démontré que : i) les TTMV-LY peuvent coloniser les poumons en profondeur, ii) les cellules pulmonaires sont permissives aux TTMV-LY et permettent une réplication virale efficace, iii) l infection virale module les réponses cellulaires et immunitaires des cellules pulmonaires en induisant des dérégulations de l expression génique et la production de médiateurs inflammatoires, iv) les TTMV-LY seraient capables d interagir avec les CPA et de réguler ainsi différentiellement le processus inflammatoire.L ensemble de ces résultats ont permis de mettre en évidence une implication potentielle des TTMV-LY dans la pathogénèse des pneumopathies, et souligné la complexité des mécanismes biologiques mis en jeu lors de l infection par les virus de cette famille.Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. It can be caused by a number of known pathogens, but 15-35% of childhood pneumonia are still not associated with an etiologic agent. A pathogen discovery assay allowed us to identify new species of Torque Teno Mini Virus (TTMV, Anelloviridae), named TTMV-LY, in three undiagnosed pleural effusions from children hospitalized with parapneumonic empyema. TTMV are ubiquitous orphan viruses, and their involvement in pathogenesis remains unknown. The respiratory tract was previously described to be a site of anellovirus detection. We investigated the role of these new species in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia.Full-length TTMV-LY genomes were isolated and in vitro replicated. The response of alveolar epithelial cells, and antigen presenting cells (APC), both involved in the inflammation process, was studied after infection with neo-synthesized virions.This study showed for the first time that: i) TTMV-LY can deeply colonize lungs, ii) alveolar epithelial cells are permissive to the TTMV-LY and allow an efficient replication, iii) viral infection modulates cellular and innate immune responses of alveolar epithelial cells, by inducing gene expression deregulations and inflammatory mediators production, iv) TTMV-LY are able to interact with APC and thereby regulate differentially their inflammatory process.All these results allowed to highlight a potential involvement of TTMV-LY in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia and brought out the complexity of the biological mechanisms taking place during infection by viruses of this family.LYON-ENS Sciences (693872304) / SudocSudocFranceF
Emil Pavlov Tanov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evidence of pervasive biologically functional secondary structures within the genomes of eukaryotic single-stranded DNA viruses.
Journal of virology, 2013Co-Authors: Brejnev M. Muhire, Michael Golden, Ben Murrell, Pierre Lefeuvre, Jean-michel Lett, Alistair J. A. Gray, Art Y.f. Poon, Nobubelo K. Ngandu, Yves Semegni, Emil Pavlov TanovAbstract:Single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses have genomes that are potentially capable of forming complex secondary structures through Watson-Crick base pairing between their constituent nucleotides. A few of the structural elements formed by such base pairings are, in fact, known to have important functions during the replication of many ssDNA viruses. Unknown, however, are (i) whether numerous additional ssDNA virus genomic structural elements predicted to exist by computational DNA folding methods actually exist and (ii) whether those structures that do exist have any biological relevance. We therefore computationally inferred lists of the most evolutionarily conserved structures within a diverse selection of animal- and plant-infecting ssDNA viruses drawn from the families Circoviridae, Anelloviridae, Parvoviridae, Nanoviridae, and Geminiviridae and analyzed these for evidence of natural selection favoring the maintenance of these structures. While we find evidence that is consistent with purifying selection being stronger at nucleotide sites that are predicted to be base paired than at sites predicted to be unpaired, we also find strong associations between sites that are predicted to pair with one another and site pairs that are apparently coevolving in a complementary fashion. Collectively, these results indicate that natural selection actively preserves much of the pervasive secondary structure that is evident within eukaryote-infecting ssDNA virus genomes and, therefore, that much of this structure is biologically functional. Lastly, we provide examples of various highly conserved but completely uncharacterized structural elements that likely have important functions within some of the ssDNA virus genomes analyzed here.
Yaowei Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expression of the putative orf1 capsid protein of torque teno sus virus 2 ttsuv2 and development of western blot and elisa serodiagnostic assays correlation between ttsuv2 viral load and igg antibody level in pigs
Virus Research, 2011Co-Authors: Yaowei Huang, Kylie K Harrall, Barbara A Dryman, Nathan M Beach, Scott P Kenney, Tanja Opriessnig, E M Vaughn, Michael B Roof, Xiangjin MengAbstract:Abstract Porcine Torque teno virus (TTV) has a single-stranded circular DNA genome and is currently classified into a new genus Iotatorquevirus with two species in a newly established family Anelloviridae . Viral DNA of both porcine TTV species (TTSuV1 and TTSuV2) has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of TTSuV with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same species has been documented in the United States and in Europe. However, the prevalence of specific TTSuV antibodies in pigs remains unknown. In this study, the putative ORF1 capsid protein from TTSuV2 isolate PTTV2c-VA was expressed in Escherichia coli . The purified recombinant ORF1 protein was used as the antigen for the development of Western blot and indirect ELISA to detect TTSuV2-specific IgG antibodies in pig sera. The results revealed a relatively high rate of seropositivity to TTSuV2 in conventional pigs from different sources but not in gnotobiotic pigs. Overall, pigs with undetectable TTSuV2 viral load were more likely to have a lower anti-TTSuV2 antibody level. An analysis of 10 conventional pigs during a 2-month period showed that decreased viral loads or presumed virus clearance were associated with elevated anti-ORF1 IgG antibody levels. Interestingly, porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)-affected pigs had a significantly lower level of TTSuV2 antibody than PCVAD-unaffected pigs ( p
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expression of the putative orf1 capsid protein of torque teno sus virus 2 ttsuv2 and development of western blot and elisa serodiagnostic assays correlation between ttsuv2 viral load and igg antibody level in pigs
Virus Research, 2011Co-Authors: Yaowei Huang, Kylie K Harrall, Barbara A Dryman, Nathan M Beach, Scott P Kenney, Tanja Opriessnig, E M Vaughn, Michael B Roof, Xiangjin MengAbstract:Porcine Torque teno virus (TTV) has a single-stranded circular DNA genome and is currently classified into a new genus Iotatorquevirus with two species in a newly established family Anelloviridae. Viral DNA of both porcine TTV species (TTSuV1 and TTSuV2) has a high prevalence in both healthy and diseased pigs worldwide and multiple infections of TTSuV with distinct genotypes or subtypes of the same species has been documented in the United States and in Europe. However, the prevalence of specific TTSuV antibodies in pigs remains unknown. In this study, the putative ORF1 capsid protein from TTSuV2 isolate PTTV2c-VA was expressed in Escherichia coli. The purified recombinant ORF1 protein was used as the antigen for the development of Western blot and indirect ELISA to detect TTSuV2-specific IgG antibodies in pig sera. The results revealed a relatively high rate of seropositivity to TTSuV2 in conventional pigs from different sources but not in gnotobiotic pigs. Overall, pigs with undetectable TTSuV2 viral load were more likely to have a lower anti-TTSuV2 antibody level. An analysis of 10 conventional pigs during a 2-month period showed that decreased viral loads or presumed virus clearance were associated with elevated anti-ORF1 IgG antibody levels. Interestingly, porcine circovirus associated disease (PCVAD)-affected pigs had a significantly lower level of TTSuV2 antibody than PCVAD-unaffected pigs (p<0.01). This is the first study to establish essential serodiagnostic tools for investigation of TTSuV seroprevalence and infection dynamics, which will help elucidate the potential pathogenicity of TTSuV infection in pigs.
Claudia M. E. Schapendonk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Metagenomic analysis of the ferret fecal viral flora. PLoS One 2013
2016Co-Authors: Saskia L. Smits, Lisette B. Provacia, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, Minoushka Oduber, Claudia M. E. Schapendonk, Rogier Bodewes, Koert J. Stittelaar, Stalin V. Raj, Bart L. HaagmansAbstract:Ferrets are widely used as a small animal model for a number of viral infections, including influenza A virus and SARS coronavirus. To further analyze the microbiological status of ferrets, their fecal viral flora was studied using a metagenomics approach. Novel viruses from the families Picorna-, Papilloma-, and Anelloviridae as well as known viruses from the families Astro-, Corona-, Parvo-, and Hepeviridae were identified in different ferret cohorts. Ferret kobu- and hepatitis E virus were mainly present in human household ferrets, whereas coronaviruses were found both in household as well as farm ferrets. Our studies illuminate the viral diversity found in ferrets and provide tools to prescreen for newly identified viruses that potentially could influence disease outcome of experimental virus infections in ferrets
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Novel B19-like parvovirus in the brain of a harbor seal
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Rogier Bodewes, Ana Rubio García, Marco W. G. Van De Bildt, Sarah Getu, Martijn Beukers, Peter R. W. A. Van Run, Marjolein J. Poen, Claudia M. E. Schapendonk, Lidewij Wiersma, Nynke OsingaAbstract:Using random PCR in combination with next-generation sequencing, a novel parvovirus was detected in the brain of a young harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) with chronic non-suppurative meningo-encephalitis that was rehabilitated at the Seal Rehabilitation and Research Centre (SRRC) in the Netherlands. In addition, two novel viruses belonging to the family Anelloviridae were detected in the lungs of this animal. Phylogenetic analysis of the coding sequence of the novel parvovirus, tentatively called Seal parvovirus, indicated that this virus belonged to the genus Erythrovirus, to which human parvovirus B19 also belongs. Although no other seals with similar signs were rehabilitated in SRRC in recent years, a prevalence study of tissues of seals from the same area collected in the period 2008-2012 indicated that the Seal parvovirus has circulated in the harbor seal population at least since 2008. The presence of the Seal parvovirus in the brain was confirmed by real-time PCR and in vitro replication. Using in situ hybridization, we showed for the first time that a parvovirus of the genus Erythrovirus was present in the Virchow-Robin space and in cerebral parenchyma adjacent to the meninges. These findings showed that a parvovirus of the genus Erythrovirus can be involved in central nervous system infection and inflammation, as has also been suspected but not proven for human parvovirus B19 infection.
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Metagenomic Analysis of the Ferret Fecal Viral Flora
PloS one, 2013Co-Authors: Saskia L. Smits, Lisette B. Provacia, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, V. Stalin Raj, Minoushka Oduber, Claudia M. E. Schapendonk, Rogier Bodewes, Koert J. Stittelaar, Bart L. HaagmansAbstract:Ferrets are widely used as a small animal model for a number of viral infections, including influenza A virus and SARS coronavirus. To further analyze the microbiological status of ferrets, their fecal viral flora was studied using a metagenomics approach. Novel viruses from the families Picorna-, Papilloma-, and Anelloviridae as well as known viruses from the families Astro-, Corona-, Parvo-, and Hepeviridae were identified in different ferret cohorts. Ferret kobu- and hepatitis E virus were mainly present in human household ferrets, whereas coronaviruses were found both in household as well as farm ferrets. Our studies illuminate the viral diversity found in ferrets and provide tools to prescreen for newly identified viruses that potentially could influence disease outcome of experimental virus infections in ferrets.
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Genome organization and phylogenetic analysis of Seal anelloviruses 2 and 3.
2013Co-Authors: Rogier Bodewes, Ana Rubio García, Marco W. G. Van De Bildt, Lidewij C. M. Wiersma, Sarah Getu, Martijn Beukers, Peter R. W. A. Van Run, Marjolein J. Poen, Claudia M. E. Schapendonk, Nynke OsingaAbstract:A, B Genome organization of the two novel anelloviruses, Seal anellovirus 2 (A) and Seal anellovirus 3 (B). The location of the three main ORFs was indicated (black line). C. Phylogenetic neighbor-joining tree with p-distance and 1,000 bootstrap replicates of the deduced amino acid sequences of the ORF1 genes of representative viruses of the family Anelloviridae. Genbank accession numbers: HsTTMDV1 (Homo sapiens torque teno midi virus 1): NC_009225, HsTTMDV2 (Homo sapiens torque teno midi virus 2): NC_014093, HsTTMV1 (Homo sapiens torque teno mini virus 1): NC_014097, HsTTMV2 (Homo sapiens torque teno mini virus 2): NC_014086, PtTTV14 (Pan troglodytes torque teno virus 14): NC_014077, HsTTV1 (Homo sapiens torque teno virus 1): NC_007013, HSTTV10 (Homo sapiens torque teno virus 10): GU797360, CfTTV10 (Canis familiaris torque teno virus 10): NC_014071, TbTTV14 (Tupaia belangeri chinensis torque teno virus 14): AB057358, SsTTV1 (Sus sucrofa torque teno virus 1): AY823990, SeAV2 (Seal anellovirus 2): KF373760 , SeAV3 (Seal anellovirus 3): KF373758, SeAv TFFN (Seal anellovirus TFFN/USA/2006): NC_015212, ZcAV (Zalophus californianus torque tenovirus): FJ459582, FcTTV4 (Felis catus torque teno virus 4): AB076003, PRA4 (Felis catus anellovirus PRA 4): EF538878, PRA1 (Felis catus anellovirus PRA1): EF538877.