The Experts below are selected from a list of 92199 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Emmie De Wit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Angela L. Rasmussen, Darryl Falzarano, Trenton Bushmaker, Friederike Feldmann, Douglas L. Brining, Elizabeth R. Fischer, Cynthia Martellaro, Atsushi Okumura, Jean Chang
    Abstract:

    In 2012, a novel betacoronavirus, designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus or MERS-CoV and associated with severe respiratory Disease in humans, emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 108 human cases have been reported, including cases of human-to-human transmission. The availability of an Animal Disease Model is essential for understanding pathogenesis and developing effective countermeasures. Upon a combination of intratracheal, ocular, oral, and intranasal inoculation with 7 x 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose of the MERS-CoV isolate HCoV-EMC/2012, rhesus macaques developed a transient lower respiratory tract infection. Clinical signs, virus shedding, virus replication in respiratory tissues, gene expression, and cytokine and chemokine profiles peaked early in infection and decreased over time. MERS-CoV caused a multifocal, mild to marked interstitial pneumonia, with virus replication occurring mainly in alveolar pneumocytes. This tropism of MERS-CoV for the lower respiratory tract may explain the severity of the Disease observed in humans and the, up to now, limited human-to-human transmission.

  • the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus mers cov does not replicate in syrian hamsters
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Laura Baseler, Trenton Bushmaker, Cynthia Martellaro, Joseph Prescott, Tina Thomas, Matthew G Lackemeyer, Shauna Milneprice, Elaine Haddock, Bart L Haagmans
    Abstract:

    In 2012 a novel coronavirus, MERS-CoV, associated with severe respiratory Disease emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 55 human cases have been reported, including 31 fatal cases. Several of the cases were likely a result of human-to-human transmission. The emergence of this novel coronavirus prompts the need for a small Animal Model to study the pathogenesis of this virus and to test the efficacy of potential intervention strategies. In this study we explored the use of Syrian hamsters as a small Animal Disease Model, using intratracheal inoculation and inoculation via aerosol. Clinical signs of Disease, virus replication, histological lesions, cytokine upregulation nor seroconversion were observed in any of the inoculated Animals, indicating that MERS-CoV does not replicate in Syrian hamsters.

Jean Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Angela L. Rasmussen, Darryl Falzarano, Trenton Bushmaker, Friederike Feldmann, Douglas L. Brining, Elizabeth R. Fischer, Cynthia Martellaro, Atsushi Okumura, Jean Chang
    Abstract:

    In 2012, a novel betacoronavirus, designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus or MERS-CoV and associated with severe respiratory Disease in humans, emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 108 human cases have been reported, including cases of human-to-human transmission. The availability of an Animal Disease Model is essential for understanding pathogenesis and developing effective countermeasures. Upon a combination of intratracheal, ocular, oral, and intranasal inoculation with 7 x 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose of the MERS-CoV isolate HCoV-EMC/2012, rhesus macaques developed a transient lower respiratory tract infection. Clinical signs, virus shedding, virus replication in respiratory tissues, gene expression, and cytokine and chemokine profiles peaked early in infection and decreased over time. MERS-CoV caused a multifocal, mild to marked interstitial pneumonia, with virus replication occurring mainly in alveolar pneumocytes. This tropism of MERS-CoV for the lower respiratory tract may explain the severity of the Disease observed in humans and the, up to now, limited human-to-human transmission.

Trenton Bushmaker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Angela L. Rasmussen, Darryl Falzarano, Trenton Bushmaker, Friederike Feldmann, Douglas L. Brining, Elizabeth R. Fischer, Cynthia Martellaro, Atsushi Okumura, Jean Chang
    Abstract:

    In 2012, a novel betacoronavirus, designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus or MERS-CoV and associated with severe respiratory Disease in humans, emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 108 human cases have been reported, including cases of human-to-human transmission. The availability of an Animal Disease Model is essential for understanding pathogenesis and developing effective countermeasures. Upon a combination of intratracheal, ocular, oral, and intranasal inoculation with 7 x 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose of the MERS-CoV isolate HCoV-EMC/2012, rhesus macaques developed a transient lower respiratory tract infection. Clinical signs, virus shedding, virus replication in respiratory tissues, gene expression, and cytokine and chemokine profiles peaked early in infection and decreased over time. MERS-CoV caused a multifocal, mild to marked interstitial pneumonia, with virus replication occurring mainly in alveolar pneumocytes. This tropism of MERS-CoV for the lower respiratory tract may explain the severity of the Disease observed in humans and the, up to now, limited human-to-human transmission.

  • the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus mers cov does not replicate in syrian hamsters
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Laura Baseler, Trenton Bushmaker, Cynthia Martellaro, Joseph Prescott, Tina Thomas, Matthew G Lackemeyer, Shauna Milneprice, Elaine Haddock, Bart L Haagmans
    Abstract:

    In 2012 a novel coronavirus, MERS-CoV, associated with severe respiratory Disease emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 55 human cases have been reported, including 31 fatal cases. Several of the cases were likely a result of human-to-human transmission. The emergence of this novel coronavirus prompts the need for a small Animal Model to study the pathogenesis of this virus and to test the efficacy of potential intervention strategies. In this study we explored the use of Syrian hamsters as a small Animal Disease Model, using intratracheal inoculation and inoculation via aerosol. Clinical signs of Disease, virus replication, histological lesions, cytokine upregulation nor seroconversion were observed in any of the inoculated Animals, indicating that MERS-CoV does not replicate in Syrian hamsters.

Cynthia Martellaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes transient lower respiratory tract infection in rhesus macaques
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Angela L. Rasmussen, Darryl Falzarano, Trenton Bushmaker, Friederike Feldmann, Douglas L. Brining, Elizabeth R. Fischer, Cynthia Martellaro, Atsushi Okumura, Jean Chang
    Abstract:

    In 2012, a novel betacoronavirus, designated Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus or MERS-CoV and associated with severe respiratory Disease in humans, emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 108 human cases have been reported, including cases of human-to-human transmission. The availability of an Animal Disease Model is essential for understanding pathogenesis and developing effective countermeasures. Upon a combination of intratracheal, ocular, oral, and intranasal inoculation with 7 x 10(6) 50% tissue culture infectious dose of the MERS-CoV isolate HCoV-EMC/2012, rhesus macaques developed a transient lower respiratory tract infection. Clinical signs, virus shedding, virus replication in respiratory tissues, gene expression, and cytokine and chemokine profiles peaked early in infection and decreased over time. MERS-CoV caused a multifocal, mild to marked interstitial pneumonia, with virus replication occurring mainly in alveolar pneumocytes. This tropism of MERS-CoV for the lower respiratory tract may explain the severity of the Disease observed in humans and the, up to now, limited human-to-human transmission.

  • the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus mers cov does not replicate in syrian hamsters
    PLOS ONE, 2013
    Co-Authors: Emmie De Wit, Laura Baseler, Trenton Bushmaker, Cynthia Martellaro, Joseph Prescott, Tina Thomas, Matthew G Lackemeyer, Shauna Milneprice, Elaine Haddock, Bart L Haagmans
    Abstract:

    In 2012 a novel coronavirus, MERS-CoV, associated with severe respiratory Disease emerged in the Arabian Peninsula. To date, 55 human cases have been reported, including 31 fatal cases. Several of the cases were likely a result of human-to-human transmission. The emergence of this novel coronavirus prompts the need for a small Animal Model to study the pathogenesis of this virus and to test the efficacy of potential intervention strategies. In this study we explored the use of Syrian hamsters as a small Animal Disease Model, using intratracheal inoculation and inoculation via aerosol. Clinical signs of Disease, virus replication, histological lesions, cytokine upregulation nor seroconversion were observed in any of the inoculated Animals, indicating that MERS-CoV does not replicate in Syrian hamsters.

Stephanie M Karst - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • norovirus infection causes acute self resolving diarrhea in wild type neonatal mice
    Nature Communications, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexa N Roth, Christiane E. Wobus, Emily W Helm, Carmen Mirabelli, Erin Kirsche, Jonathan C Smith, Laura B Eurell, Sourish Ghosh, Nihal Altanbonnet, Stephanie M Karst
    Abstract:

    Human noroviruses are the leading cause of severe childhood diarrhea worldwide, yet we know little about their pathogenic mechanisms. Murine noroviruses cause diarrhea in interferon-deficient adult mice but these hosts also develop systemic pathology and lethality, reducing confidence in the translatability of findings to human norovirus Disease. Herein we report that a murine norovirus causes self-resolving diarrhea in the absence of systemic Disease in wild-type neonatal mice, thus mirroring the key features of human norovirus Disease and representing a norovirus small Animal Disease Model in wild-type mice. Intriguingly, lymphocytes are critical for controlling acute norovirus replication while simultaneously contributing to Disease severity, likely reflecting their dual role as targets of viral infection and key components of the host response. Here the authors show that a murine norovirus causes self-resolving diarrhea in the absence of systemic Disease in wild-type neonatal mice and show that lymphocytes affect Disease in a dual manner. The data suggests that neonatal mice are a promising Model for further studies.

  • norovirus infection causes acute self resolving diarrhea in wild type neonatal mice
    Nature Communications, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexa N Roth, Christiane E. Wobus, Emily W Helm, Carmen Mirabelli, Erin Kirsche, Jonathan C Smith, Laura B Eurell, Sourish Ghosh, Nihal Altanbonnet, Stephanie M Karst
    Abstract:

    Human noroviruses are the leading cause of severe childhood diarrhea worldwide, yet we know little about their pathogenic mechanisms. Murine noroviruses cause diarrhea in interferon-deficient adult mice but these hosts also develop systemic pathology and lethality, reducing confidence in the translatability of findings to human norovirus Disease. Herein we report that a murine norovirus causes self-resolving diarrhea in the absence of systemic Disease in wild-type neonatal mice, thus mirroring the key features of human norovirus Disease and representing a norovirus small Animal Disease Model in wild-type mice. Intriguingly, lymphocytes are critical for controlling acute norovirus replication while simultaneously contributing to Disease severity, likely reflecting their dual role as targets of viral infection and key components of the host response.

  • a novel small Animal Model of norovirus diarrhea
    bioRxiv, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexa N Roth, Christiane E. Wobus, Emily W Helm, Carmen Mirabelli, Erin Kirsche, Jonathan C Smith, Laura B Eurell, Sourish Ghosh, Nihal Altanbonnet, Stephanie M Karst
    Abstract:

    ABSTRACT Human noroviruses are the leading cause of severe childhood diarrhea worldwide yet we know very little about their pathogenic mechanisms. Murine noroviruses cause diarrhea in interferon-deficient adult mice but these hosts also develop systemic pathology and lethality, reducing confidence in the translatability of findings to human norovirus Disease. Herein we report that a murine norovirus causes self-resolving diarrhea in the absence of systemic Disease in wild-type neonatal mice, thus mirroring the key features of human norovirus Disease and representing a robust norovirus small Animal Disease Model. Intriguingly, lymphocytes are critical for controlling acute norovirus replication while simultaneously contributing to Disease severity, likely reflecting their dual role as targets of viral infection and key components of the host response.