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Yingbin Yan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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which of the fibrous layer is more important in the genesis of traumatic temporomanibular joint Ankylosis the mandibular condyle or the glenoid fossa
Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2020Co-Authors: Kun Yang, Hualun Wang, Suxia Liang, Hao Liu, Yanmei Dai, Tongmei Zhang, Yingbin YanAbstract:Abstract Introduction The aim of this experimental study was to investigate, under the premise of discectomy, whether damage to either the fibrous layer of the condyle or that of the glenoid fossa, could induce temporomanibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis. And if not, which of the fibrous layer was more important in the genesis of TMJ Ankylosis. Materials and methods Bilateral TMJ surgery was performed in 6 growing Xiao-wei Han sheep. Disk and condylar fibrous layer removal (DCFLR) was performed on the left TMJ, and disk and glenoid fibrous layer removal (DGFLR) was performed on the right TMJ. All animals were sacrificed at 3 months postoperatively. The TMJ complexes were examined by histological evaluation. Results Partial fibrous Ankylosis was achieved on the DCFLR side in the 6 sheep at 3 months after surgery. On the DGFLR side, pathologic characteristics of TMJ osteoarthritis could be seen; however, no evidence of Ankylosis was observed. The scores of TMJ Ankylosis for the DGFLR side were significantly lower than those for the DCFLR side (P Conclusion This study demonstrated that removal of the condylar fibrous layer, not the glenoid fibrous layer, combined with discectomy could lead to traumatic TMJ Ankylosis.
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association between the clinical features of and types of temporomandibular joint Ankylosis based on a modified classification system
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Long Xia, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Shuo Chen, Yi ZhangAbstract:This study aimed to describe the clinical features of different types of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis. Seventy-one patients with 102 ankylosed joints were retrospectively reviewed and categorized into four groups according to the grades of severity: type I, non-bony Ankylosis of the joint with almost-normal joint space; type II, lateral bony Ankylosis marked by a normal joint space that coexists with a radiolucent line; type III, complete bony Ankylosis of the joint characterized by only a radiolucent line; and type IV, extensive bony Ankylosis without any radiolucent line. The period of Ankylosis, maximal mouth opening (MMO), rate of complications, and histopathological changes were compared among groups. Intergroup comparison showed significant differences in the clinical features of MMO and the incidence of complications (p < 0.05). Younger trauma patients tended to develop more severe types of Ankylosis than older patients. Additionally, long post-trauma periods were related to the development of severe Ankylosis. MMO was highly negatively correlated with the severity of Ankylosis. Significant differences were noted among the four types of Ankylosis. Younger trauma patients with long post-trauma periods tended to develop more severe TMJ Ankylosis, experience more complications, and face more challenges in treatment than older patients.
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preserving the fibrous layer of the mandibular condyle reduces the risk of Ankylosis in a sheep model of intracapsular condylar fracture
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2018Co-Authors: Hualun Wang, Peipei Zhang, Li Meng, Suxia Liang, Hao Liu, Yingbin YanAbstract:Purpose The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the role of the fibrous layer of the condylar head in the formation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis in a sheep model of intracapsular condylar fracture. Materials and Methods Six growing Xiao-wei Han sheep were used in the study, and bilateral TMJ surgery was performed in each sheep. In the left TMJ, sagittal fracture of the condyle, removal of the fibrous layer of the condylar head, excision of two thirds of the disc, and removal of the fibrous zone of the glenoid fossa were performed. In the right TMJ, the same surgical management was performed, except that in each sheep, the fibrous layer of the condylar head was preserved. Three sheep were killed humanely at 1 month postoperatively, and the other 3 sheep were killed humanely at 3 months postoperatively. The TMJ complexes were examined by histologic evaluation. Results Fibrous Ankylosis was observed on the left side in 3 sheep at 1 month postoperatively and in 2 of 3 sheep at 3 months postoperatively. Fibro-osseous Ankylosis was achieved on the left side in 1 sheep at 3 months postoperatively. In the right TMJ, the main postoperative histologic findings included condylar fracture healing, topical rupture or exfoliation of the fibrous layer of the condyle, and fissure between the fibrous layer and the proliferative zone of the condyle. However, no evidence of Ankylosis was observed. The TMJ Ankylosis scores on the right side were significantly lower than those on the left side at different time points (P Conclusions This study showed that the presence of the fibrous layer of the condylar head prevented the development of TMJ Ankylosis in a sheep model of intracapsular condylar fracture.
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current concepts in the pathogenesis of traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis
Head & Face Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Suxia Liang, Jun Shen, Jian Cheng Zhang, Yi ZhangAbstract:Traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis can be classified into fibrous, fibro-osseous and bony Ankylosis. It is still a huge challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons due to the technical difficulty and high incidence of recurrence. The poor outcome of disease may be partially attributed to the limited understanding of its pathogenesis. The purpose of this article was to comprehensively review the literature and summarise results from both human and animal studies related to the genesis of TMJ Ankylosis.
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imaging and histologic features of traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2014Co-Authors: Xiao Wang, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Objective We aimed to study the pathology underlying traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis (TMJA). Study Design Specimens from 10 patients with traumatic TMJA were categorized using the Sawhney classification and were decalcified and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff, alizarin red, and Masson stains. Immunostaining with anti-CD34 antibody was performed. Computed tomography and pathologic findings were compared. Results Ankylosed areas consisted of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Bone formation occurred by osteophyte extension from the osteochondral surface toward the mass center. Endochondral ossification and osteophyte proliferation, alone or simultaneously, participated in bony Ankylosis. Sequestra in the cartilaginous Ankylosis preferentially formed bony bridges. Newly formed capillaries participated in ossification from the bony surface of the bone-cartilage junction; bone formed around the capillaries. Osteoclasts were present at the capillary tips. Conclusions Types II and III were cartilaginous-bony Ankylosis, with similar components. Bony traumatic TMJA was formed by osteophyte proliferation and endochondral ossification.
Yi Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association between the clinical features of and types of temporomandibular joint Ankylosis based on a modified classification system
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Long Xia, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Shuo Chen, Yi ZhangAbstract:This study aimed to describe the clinical features of different types of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis. Seventy-one patients with 102 ankylosed joints were retrospectively reviewed and categorized into four groups according to the grades of severity: type I, non-bony Ankylosis of the joint with almost-normal joint space; type II, lateral bony Ankylosis marked by a normal joint space that coexists with a radiolucent line; type III, complete bony Ankylosis of the joint characterized by only a radiolucent line; and type IV, extensive bony Ankylosis without any radiolucent line. The period of Ankylosis, maximal mouth opening (MMO), rate of complications, and histopathological changes were compared among groups. Intergroup comparison showed significant differences in the clinical features of MMO and the incidence of complications (p < 0.05). Younger trauma patients tended to develop more severe types of Ankylosis than older patients. Additionally, long post-trauma periods were related to the development of severe Ankylosis. MMO was highly negatively correlated with the severity of Ankylosis. Significant differences were noted among the four types of Ankylosis. Younger trauma patients with long post-trauma periods tended to develop more severe TMJ Ankylosis, experience more complications, and face more challenges in treatment than older patients.
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current concepts in the pathogenesis of traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis
Head & Face Medicine, 2014Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Suxia Liang, Jun Shen, Jian Cheng Zhang, Yi ZhangAbstract:Traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis can be classified into fibrous, fibro-osseous and bony Ankylosis. It is still a huge challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons due to the technical difficulty and high incidence of recurrence. The poor outcome of disease may be partially attributed to the limited understanding of its pathogenesis. The purpose of this article was to comprehensively review the literature and summarise results from both human and animal studies related to the genesis of TMJ Ankylosis.
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imaging and histologic features of traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2014Co-Authors: Xiao Wang, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Objective We aimed to study the pathology underlying traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis (TMJA). Study Design Specimens from 10 patients with traumatic TMJA were categorized using the Sawhney classification and were decalcified and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff, alizarin red, and Masson stains. Immunostaining with anti-CD34 antibody was performed. Computed tomography and pathologic findings were compared. Results Ankylosed areas consisted of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Bone formation occurred by osteophyte extension from the osteochondral surface toward the mass center. Endochondral ossification and osteophyte proliferation, alone or simultaneously, participated in bony Ankylosis. Sequestra in the cartilaginous Ankylosis preferentially formed bony bridges. Newly formed capillaries participated in ossification from the bony surface of the bone-cartilage junction; bone formed around the capillaries. Osteoclasts were present at the capillary tips. Conclusions Types II and III were cartilaginous-bony Ankylosis, with similar components. Bony traumatic TMJA was formed by osteophyte proliferation and endochondral ossification.
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a pilot trial on the molecular pathophysiology of traumatic temporomandibular joint bony Ankylosis in a sheep model part ii the differential gene expression among fibrous Ankylosis bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2014Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, E Xiao, Y H Gan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of the study was to preliminarily explore the differential expressions of a series of genes regulating bone formation in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous Ankylosis, bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture healing. Methods The cDNA from either the bony ankylosed callus or fracture callus of the 6 sheep, as described in the part I, were both used in the study. The differences of gene expressions between bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR, with 2 samples at each time point. In addition, another 2 sheep were added to have fibrous Ankylosis induced on the right TMJ, and 1 sheep was sacrificed at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively. The differences of gene expressions between fibrous and bony Ankylosis at 3 and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR. Results Bony Ankylosis showed higher mRNA expression trends in Wnt2b, Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, CyclinD1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn, Bmp2, and Bmp7 compared to fibrous Ankylosis, although no statistical analysis was performed due to the very small sample size. Whereas bony Ankylosis showed a significant lower expression of Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn and Bmp4 compared to condylar fracture at several time points ( P Conclusion Our data provided a preliminary molecular evidence for the hypothesis that the development of traumatic TMJ bony Ankylosis was the course of delayed bone healing or hypertrophic nonunion, and deserved to be further studied.
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surgical induction of tmj bony Ankylosis in growing sheep and the role of injury severity of the glenoid fossa on the development of bony Ankylosis
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Yi Zhang, Y H Gan, E XiaoAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of this paper is to summarize our experiences in creating an animal model of TMJ bony Ankylosis based on 2 sequential experiments. Methods Two sequential experiments were performed with the aim of creating a model of TMJ bony Ankylosis. Seven growing sheep were used in the first experiment, in which 1 was served as a control animal. Condylar fracture with disc preservation was performed on the control side. On the contralateral side, condylar fracture, excision of the lateral 2/3 disc and injury to the glenoid fossa were performed to induce bony Ankylosis. Three animals were sacrificed respectively at 3 and 6 months after surgery. In the second experiment, 7 growing sheep were used. The only difference of modeling between the 2 experiments was that more serious injury to the glenoid fossa was made in the Ankylosis-induced side in experiment 2. Three, 2, and 2 animals were sacrificed respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The TMJ complexes were examined by computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. Results In experiment 1, only fibrous Ankylosis was observed in the Ankylosis-induced side both at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. In experiment 2, CT and histological evaluation showed that the outcomes of the Ankylosis-induced side were fibrous-bony Ankylosis, fibrous-bony Ankylosis, and bony Ankylosis respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion Through summarizing the differences of the modeling and the different outcomes in the 2 experiments, we concluded that severe damage to the glenoid fossa played an important role in the development of TMJ bony Ankylosis.
E Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association between the clinical features of and types of temporomandibular joint Ankylosis based on a modified classification system
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Long Xia, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Shuo Chen, Yi ZhangAbstract:This study aimed to describe the clinical features of different types of traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis. Seventy-one patients with 102 ankylosed joints were retrospectively reviewed and categorized into four groups according to the grades of severity: type I, non-bony Ankylosis of the joint with almost-normal joint space; type II, lateral bony Ankylosis marked by a normal joint space that coexists with a radiolucent line; type III, complete bony Ankylosis of the joint characterized by only a radiolucent line; and type IV, extensive bony Ankylosis without any radiolucent line. The period of Ankylosis, maximal mouth opening (MMO), rate of complications, and histopathological changes were compared among groups. Intergroup comparison showed significant differences in the clinical features of MMO and the incidence of complications (p < 0.05). Younger trauma patients tended to develop more severe types of Ankylosis than older patients. Additionally, long post-trauma periods were related to the development of severe Ankylosis. MMO was highly negatively correlated with the severity of Ankylosis. Significant differences were noted among the four types of Ankylosis. Younger trauma patients with long post-trauma periods tended to develop more severe TMJ Ankylosis, experience more complications, and face more challenges in treatment than older patients.
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imaging and histologic features of traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis
Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, 2014Co-Authors: Xiao Wang, E Xiao, Yingbin Yan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Objective We aimed to study the pathology underlying traumatic temporomandibular joint Ankylosis (TMJA). Study Design Specimens from 10 patients with traumatic TMJA were categorized using the Sawhney classification and were decalcified and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue/periodic acid–Schiff, alizarin red, and Masson stains. Immunostaining with anti-CD34 antibody was performed. Computed tomography and pathologic findings were compared. Results Ankylosed areas consisted of fibrocartilaginous tissues. Bone formation occurred by osteophyte extension from the osteochondral surface toward the mass center. Endochondral ossification and osteophyte proliferation, alone or simultaneously, participated in bony Ankylosis. Sequestra in the cartilaginous Ankylosis preferentially formed bony bridges. Newly formed capillaries participated in ossification from the bony surface of the bone-cartilage junction; bone formed around the capillaries. Osteoclasts were present at the capillary tips. Conclusions Types II and III were cartilaginous-bony Ankylosis, with similar components. Bony traumatic TMJA was formed by osteophyte proliferation and endochondral ossification.
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a pilot trial on the molecular pathophysiology of traumatic temporomandibular joint bony Ankylosis in a sheep model part ii the differential gene expression among fibrous Ankylosis bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2014Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, E Xiao, Y H Gan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of the study was to preliminarily explore the differential expressions of a series of genes regulating bone formation in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous Ankylosis, bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture healing. Methods The cDNA from either the bony ankylosed callus or fracture callus of the 6 sheep, as described in the part I, were both used in the study. The differences of gene expressions between bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR, with 2 samples at each time point. In addition, another 2 sheep were added to have fibrous Ankylosis induced on the right TMJ, and 1 sheep was sacrificed at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively. The differences of gene expressions between fibrous and bony Ankylosis at 3 and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR. Results Bony Ankylosis showed higher mRNA expression trends in Wnt2b, Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, CyclinD1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn, Bmp2, and Bmp7 compared to fibrous Ankylosis, although no statistical analysis was performed due to the very small sample size. Whereas bony Ankylosis showed a significant lower expression of Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn and Bmp4 compared to condylar fracture at several time points ( P Conclusion Our data provided a preliminary molecular evidence for the hypothesis that the development of traumatic TMJ bony Ankylosis was the course of delayed bone healing or hypertrophic nonunion, and deserved to be further studied.
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surgical induction of tmj bony Ankylosis in growing sheep and the role of injury severity of the glenoid fossa on the development of bony Ankylosis
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Yi Zhang, Y H Gan, E XiaoAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of this paper is to summarize our experiences in creating an animal model of TMJ bony Ankylosis based on 2 sequential experiments. Methods Two sequential experiments were performed with the aim of creating a model of TMJ bony Ankylosis. Seven growing sheep were used in the first experiment, in which 1 was served as a control animal. Condylar fracture with disc preservation was performed on the control side. On the contralateral side, condylar fracture, excision of the lateral 2/3 disc and injury to the glenoid fossa were performed to induce bony Ankylosis. Three animals were sacrificed respectively at 3 and 6 months after surgery. In the second experiment, 7 growing sheep were used. The only difference of modeling between the 2 experiments was that more serious injury to the glenoid fossa was made in the Ankylosis-induced side in experiment 2. Three, 2, and 2 animals were sacrificed respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The TMJ complexes were examined by computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. Results In experiment 1, only fibrous Ankylosis was observed in the Ankylosis-induced side both at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. In experiment 2, CT and histological evaluation showed that the outcomes of the Ankylosis-induced side were fibrous-bony Ankylosis, fibrous-bony Ankylosis, and bony Ankylosis respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion Through summarizing the differences of the modeling and the different outcomes in the 2 experiments, we concluded that severe damage to the glenoid fossa played an important role in the development of TMJ bony Ankylosis.
Zekeriya Tosun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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management of temporomandibular joint Ankylosis with temporalis fascia flap and fat graft
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Mehtap Karamese, Ahmet Duymaz, Nevra Seyhan, Mustafa Keskin, Zekeriya TosunAbstract:Abstract Aim Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) Ankylosis is a serious problem that restricts jaw mobility and causes disturbances in facial and mandibular growth. The purpose of this paper is to present an easy and versatile method for the treatment of TMJ Ankylosis to decrease postoperative complications such as re-Ankylosis. Material and method Eleven patients who presented with Ankylosis of the TMJ underwent surgical release. After performing gap arthroplasty through a preauricular approach, the temporalis fascia flap was transposed to the gap. An autogenous fat graft was then obtained from the abdomen and used as interpositional material. The follow-up time was 3–5 years. Results Re-Ankylosis did not occur in any of the patients, and all had satisfactory mouth opening. Conclusion Surgical treatment of TMJ Ankylosis with gap arthroplasty, interposition of the temporalis fascia flap and fat grafting is an effective and easily procedure for preventing of re-Ankylosis. The autogenous nature and close proximity to the joint are the main advantages of the temporalis fascia flap when compared with other interpositional materials, and the fat graft provides additional support by reducing pressure.
Y H Gan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a pilot trial on the molecular pathophysiology of traumatic temporomandibular joint bony Ankylosis in a sheep model part ii the differential gene expression among fibrous Ankylosis bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2014Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, E Xiao, Y H Gan, Yi ZhangAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of the study was to preliminarily explore the differential expressions of a series of genes regulating bone formation in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) fibrous Ankylosis, bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture healing. Methods The cDNA from either the bony ankylosed callus or fracture callus of the 6 sheep, as described in the part I, were both used in the study. The differences of gene expressions between bony Ankylosis and condylar fracture at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR, with 2 samples at each time point. In addition, another 2 sheep were added to have fibrous Ankylosis induced on the right TMJ, and 1 sheep was sacrificed at 3 and 6 months after surgery, respectively. The differences of gene expressions between fibrous and bony Ankylosis at 3 and 6 months postoperatively were measured by real-time PCR. Results Bony Ankylosis showed higher mRNA expression trends in Wnt2b, Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, CyclinD1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn, Bmp2, and Bmp7 compared to fibrous Ankylosis, although no statistical analysis was performed due to the very small sample size. Whereas bony Ankylosis showed a significant lower expression of Wnt5a, β-Catenin, Lef1, Runx2, Osterix, Sox9, Col10a1, Alp, Ocn and Bmp4 compared to condylar fracture at several time points ( P Conclusion Our data provided a preliminary molecular evidence for the hypothesis that the development of traumatic TMJ bony Ankylosis was the course of delayed bone healing or hypertrophic nonunion, and deserved to be further studied.
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surgical induction of tmj bony Ankylosis in growing sheep and the role of injury severity of the glenoid fossa on the development of bony Ankylosis
Journal of Cranio-maxillofacial Surgery, 2013Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Yi Zhang, Y H Gan, E XiaoAbstract:Abstract Objective The purpose of this paper is to summarize our experiences in creating an animal model of TMJ bony Ankylosis based on 2 sequential experiments. Methods Two sequential experiments were performed with the aim of creating a model of TMJ bony Ankylosis. Seven growing sheep were used in the first experiment, in which 1 was served as a control animal. Condylar fracture with disc preservation was performed on the control side. On the contralateral side, condylar fracture, excision of the lateral 2/3 disc and injury to the glenoid fossa were performed to induce bony Ankylosis. Three animals were sacrificed respectively at 3 and 6 months after surgery. In the second experiment, 7 growing sheep were used. The only difference of modeling between the 2 experiments was that more serious injury to the glenoid fossa was made in the Ankylosis-induced side in experiment 2. Three, 2, and 2 animals were sacrificed respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The TMJ complexes were examined by computed tomography (CT) and histological evaluation. Results In experiment 1, only fibrous Ankylosis was observed in the Ankylosis-induced side both at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. In experiment 2, CT and histological evaluation showed that the outcomes of the Ankylosis-induced side were fibrous-bony Ankylosis, fibrous-bony Ankylosis, and bony Ankylosis respectively at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Conclusion Through summarizing the differences of the modeling and the different outcomes in the 2 experiments, we concluded that severe damage to the glenoid fossa played an important role in the development of TMJ bony Ankylosis.
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the development of traumatic temporomandibular joint bony Ankylosis a course similar to the hypertrophic nonunion
Medical Hypotheses, 2012Co-Authors: Yingbin Yan, Yi Zhang, Denghui Duan, Y H GanAbstract:The traumatic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony Ankylosis has generated great interest in the cranio-maxillofacial surgeons yet remains an enigma, due to its unknown pathogenesis. Organization and ossification of hematoma is the classical hypothesis concerning the underlying pathophysiology, but it could not explain all the unique characters of TMJ bony Ankylosis. The previous imaging descriptions about bony Ankylosis tend to over-emphasize the obliteration of joint space and the overgrowth of new bone around the joint. Our recent study has found that the radiolucent zone in the bony fusion area indicating impaired bone healing is one of the most important imaging features of bony Ankylosis, and this imaging feature is similar to that of hypertrophic nonunion of long bone. We also observe that there is close relationship between the mouth opening and the degree of calcification of radiolucent zone. Therefore, we hypothesize that the development of traumatic TMJ bony Ankylosis may be the course of bone healing of two injured articular surfaces under the interference of opening movement, which is similar to the hypertrophic nonunion. Our hypothesis could help to explain some unintelligible characters of bony Ankylosis, and deserves further studies.