The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Hiroshi Yoshino - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Energy Consumption of Residential Buildings in China
Sustainable Houses and Living in the Hot-Humid Climates of Asia, 2018Co-Authors: Hiroshi Yoshino, Qingyuan ZhangAbstract:Based on Chinese statistics, unit Energy Consumption for 277 Chinese cities was clarified over the period of 2002–2012. The meter reading of Energy Consumption showed that Annual Energy Consumption was recorded from 10 to 30 GJ, excluding the Energy Consumption by the district heating. Roughly one third of the Energy Consumption was used for cooking, and another one third was used for space heating, cooling, and hot water supply, and the final one third was used for the other purposes. The results of the detailed measurement indicated that in the eight apartments without district heating, the Annual Energy Consumption varied from 8 to 32 GJ. Also, it was observed that there are large variations in the structure of end usage. That implies that there is room for further improvement in saving Energy.
-
Analysis on urban residential Energy Consumption of Hot Summer & Cold Winter Zone in China
Sustainable Cities and Society, 2013Co-Authors: Hiroshi Yoshino, Zhongtian JiangAbstract:Abstract The purposes of this study were to investigate and analyze the actual conditions of the residential Energy Consumption, and hence to ascertain what would be the important factors that influence the Annual Energy Consumption in four Chinese cities. The questionnaire surveys revealed building characteristics, housing appliances, household characteristics, indoor environment and aspects of life style, during winter and summer seasons. The Energy Consumption analyses showed that the average Annual Energy Consumption of households in Chongqing reached 41.1 GJ which was the largest among all households in the investigated cities. The influence factor analyses showed that the important influence factors were city location, floor area, CDD and water heater type. The standards “ Thermal design code for civil building ”, GB 50176-93 helps to save Energy. The households equipped with solar water heater (SWH) consumed less Energy, however, its possession rate was low because of the poor quality in the Chinese market. Thus, corresponding policy steering mechanisms of SWH are needed for Energy saving. The Annual Energy Consumption for water heater in Shanghai, Chongqing and Changsha was 6.7, 8.3 and 5.7 GJ, accounted for 23%, 20% and 18% respectively. The more Energy would be saved if more households use solar water heater.
-
Analysis on Energy Consumption and Indoor Environment in Kunming, China
Sustainability, 2012Co-Authors: Hiroshi YoshinoAbstract:The purposes of this study are to investigate and analyze the actual conditions of the urban residential Energy Consumption, and hence to ascertain what will be the important factors that influence the Annual Energy Consumption in Kunming, which has a mild climate. The questionnaire surveys reveal building characteristics, housing appliances, household characteristics, indoor thermal environment and aspects of life style, during winter and summer seasons. The questionnaire analyses show that only 5% of the investigated households have air conditioning, and 12% have heating appliances. Most households use solar Energy as a water heater Energy source because the sunshine hours in Kunming are long. The Energy Consumption analyses show that the average Annual Energy Consumption of households in Kunming reached 12.2 GJ, and cooking accounted for 5.3 GJ, which is the largest part. Most of the time in summer, the outdoor temperature is lower than living room and bedroom temperatures; thus, natural ventilation is a useful cooling method for households in Kunming. The absolute humidity in summer is about 11 g/kg, while in winter it is about 5 g/kg. The influence factor analyses show that building construction year, water heater type and Annual income are important influential factors on Annual Energy Consumption.
-
contrastive analyses on Annual Energy Consumption characteristics and the influence mechanism between new and old residential buildings in shanghai china by the statistical methods
Energy and Buildings, 2009Co-Authors: Shuqin Chen, Hiroshi Yoshino, Mark D Levine, Zhenhai LiAbstract:Abstract The purposes of this research are to contrast the Energy use characteristics of old residential buildings and new residential buildings in Shanghai, China, to look into influence factors of residential Energy Consumption, and to further analyze the reasons which result in the differences of Energy Consumption quantities between high-Energy use family group and low-Energy use family group. 1610 families in Residential District A and 819 families in Residential District B were chosen to trace their monthly Energy Consumption data in the whole year of 2006. Buildings in District A were all constructed in the 1980s, while those in District B were built in the 2000s. 300 families in each district were further selected from all above investigated families to do questionnaires in the year of 2007, so as to understand building characteristics, the possession and utilization of space heating and cooling appliances, and Energy-saving consciousness. Annual Energy Consumption of the two kinds of buildings is contrasted and Energy Consumption quantities of spacing cooling and heating are also calculated. Influencing factors of residential Energy Consumption are analyzed by Quantification Theory I. Quantification Theory III is used to classify all the families into different categories based on the differences in their Energy Consumption amounts, and to further find out the reasons leading to the different Energy Consumption between different groups. Conclusions are as follows: (1) the average Annual Energy Consumption quantity is 23.27 GJ/household for new buildings and 14.40 GJ/household for old buildings. The ratio of space heating and cooling to total Annual Energy Consumption is just 16% and 11.6% for new buildings and old buildings respectively; (2) Energy Consumption and its variance lie on the integration of many factors, such as the floor area, materials of window frames, the number of family members, operation months of space heaters in winter and air conditioners in summer, and Energy-saving actions; (3) all the families in the two districts can be classified into two categories: Household Region M of much Energy use, and Household Region N of little Energy use. Adopting the aluminum window frames, large floor areas and the large number of family members (above 4 person) are the main reasons leading to more Energy use in Household Region M, while the small number of family members (1–2 persons/household) and small floor areas are the main reasons resulting in the less Energy use in Household Region N; the long period of space heating, using illumination as little as possible are also the reasons causing the differences in Energy Consumption quantities between the two categories, but their influences on the samples clustering are smaller than the main reasons above; (4) compared with the Energy Consumption in some developed countries, the ratio of space heating and cooling to total residential Energy use is much smaller in Shanghai. Indoor thermal environment is very poor besides that. With the growth of economy and the improvement of living standard, people will have the higher requirement for good-quality indoor thermal environment, and hence space heaters and coolers will be used much more frequently, so the residential Energy Consumption in China will still continuously increase rapidly, if few Energy-conservation strategies are adopted; (5) considering current little prevalence of Energy-saving actions with low efficiency, more effective Energy-saving actions should be fully adopted in China.
Young Don Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Dynamic simulation of Annual Energy Consumption in the HVAC system of an office building by thermal resistance-capacitance method
1999Co-Authors: Young Don Choi, C.s. Lee, S.h. KimAbstract:The basic heat transfer process in a large building can best be illustrated by an thermal network. Present paper reports the dynamic simulation of Annual Energy Consumption in an office building by thermal resistance-capacitance method. Present thermal resistance-capacitance method predicts Annual Energy Consumption of an office building with the same accuracy as that of response factor methods. However, modified BIN method was proved to predict the Annual heating load 15% lower and the Annual cooling load 25% lower than the present prediction. Equipment Annual Energy Consumptions for fan, boiler and chiller in HVAC system are also investigated with variation of the control systems such as CAV, VAV, FCU+VAV and FCU+CAV, FCU+CAV system requires the minimum Annual Energy Consumption among the tested systems. LCC (life cycle cost) is also optimized with variation of glass types and thickness of wall insulation.
-
dynamic simulation of Annual Energy Consumption in an office building by thermal resistance capacitance method
International Journal of Air-conditioning and Refrigeration, 1998Co-Authors: Young Don ChoiAbstract:The basic heat transfer process that occurs in a building can best be illustrated by an electrical circuit network. Present paper reports the dynamic simulation of Annual Energy Consumption in an office building by the thermal resistance capacitance network method. Unsteady thermal behaviors and Annual Energy Consumption in an office building were examined in detail by solving the simultaneous circuit equations of thermal network. The results are used to evaluate the accuracy of the modified BIN method for the Energy Consumption analysis of a large building. Present thermal resistance-capacitance method predicts Annual Energy Consumption of an office building with the same accuracy as that of response factor method. However, the modified BIN method gives 15% lower Annual heating load and 25% lower cooling load than those from the present method. Equipment Annual Energy Consumptions for fan, boiler and chiller in the HVAC system are also calculated for various control systems as CAV, VAV, FCU+VAV and FCU+CAV. FCU+CAV system appears to consume minimum Annual Energy among them.
Zhongtian Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis on urban residential Energy Consumption of Hot Summer & Cold Winter Zone in China
Sustainable Cities and Society, 2013Co-Authors: Hiroshi Yoshino, Zhongtian JiangAbstract:Abstract The purposes of this study were to investigate and analyze the actual conditions of the residential Energy Consumption, and hence to ascertain what would be the important factors that influence the Annual Energy Consumption in four Chinese cities. The questionnaire surveys revealed building characteristics, housing appliances, household characteristics, indoor environment and aspects of life style, during winter and summer seasons. The Energy Consumption analyses showed that the average Annual Energy Consumption of households in Chongqing reached 41.1 GJ which was the largest among all households in the investigated cities. The influence factor analyses showed that the important influence factors were city location, floor area, CDD and water heater type. The standards “ Thermal design code for civil building ”, GB 50176-93 helps to save Energy. The households equipped with solar water heater (SWH) consumed less Energy, however, its possession rate was low because of the poor quality in the Chinese market. Thus, corresponding policy steering mechanisms of SWH are needed for Energy saving. The Annual Energy Consumption for water heater in Shanghai, Chongqing and Changsha was 6.7, 8.3 and 5.7 GJ, accounted for 23%, 20% and 18% respectively. The more Energy would be saved if more households use solar water heater.
Chen Jin-hui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis of the Effect of Exterior Wall's Thermal Properties on the Annual Energy Consumption in Shanghai
Energy technology, 2007Co-Authors: Chen Jin-huiAbstract:This paper simulates the Annual Energy Consumption of an office building in Shanghai with different heat insulation of the wall and makes an economic analysis.The intention is to quest the connection between the diathermancy of wall and buildings' Annual Energy Consumption in the hot summer and cold winter zone as Shanghai.The result shows that during transitional seasons,when the OA ratio is fixed,the improvement of exterior wall insulation prevents the reduction of Energy Consumption and that using fresh air enthalpy control system is a good method to reduce Energy Consumption.
Shuqin Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
contrastive analyses on Annual Energy Consumption characteristics and the influence mechanism between new and old residential buildings in shanghai china by the statistical methods
Energy and Buildings, 2009Co-Authors: Shuqin Chen, Hiroshi Yoshino, Mark D Levine, Zhenhai LiAbstract:Abstract The purposes of this research are to contrast the Energy use characteristics of old residential buildings and new residential buildings in Shanghai, China, to look into influence factors of residential Energy Consumption, and to further analyze the reasons which result in the differences of Energy Consumption quantities between high-Energy use family group and low-Energy use family group. 1610 families in Residential District A and 819 families in Residential District B were chosen to trace their monthly Energy Consumption data in the whole year of 2006. Buildings in District A were all constructed in the 1980s, while those in District B were built in the 2000s. 300 families in each district were further selected from all above investigated families to do questionnaires in the year of 2007, so as to understand building characteristics, the possession and utilization of space heating and cooling appliances, and Energy-saving consciousness. Annual Energy Consumption of the two kinds of buildings is contrasted and Energy Consumption quantities of spacing cooling and heating are also calculated. Influencing factors of residential Energy Consumption are analyzed by Quantification Theory I. Quantification Theory III is used to classify all the families into different categories based on the differences in their Energy Consumption amounts, and to further find out the reasons leading to the different Energy Consumption between different groups. Conclusions are as follows: (1) the average Annual Energy Consumption quantity is 23.27 GJ/household for new buildings and 14.40 GJ/household for old buildings. The ratio of space heating and cooling to total Annual Energy Consumption is just 16% and 11.6% for new buildings and old buildings respectively; (2) Energy Consumption and its variance lie on the integration of many factors, such as the floor area, materials of window frames, the number of family members, operation months of space heaters in winter and air conditioners in summer, and Energy-saving actions; (3) all the families in the two districts can be classified into two categories: Household Region M of much Energy use, and Household Region N of little Energy use. Adopting the aluminum window frames, large floor areas and the large number of family members (above 4 person) are the main reasons leading to more Energy use in Household Region M, while the small number of family members (1–2 persons/household) and small floor areas are the main reasons resulting in the less Energy use in Household Region N; the long period of space heating, using illumination as little as possible are also the reasons causing the differences in Energy Consumption quantities between the two categories, but their influences on the samples clustering are smaller than the main reasons above; (4) compared with the Energy Consumption in some developed countries, the ratio of space heating and cooling to total residential Energy use is much smaller in Shanghai. Indoor thermal environment is very poor besides that. With the growth of economy and the improvement of living standard, people will have the higher requirement for good-quality indoor thermal environment, and hence space heaters and coolers will be used much more frequently, so the residential Energy Consumption in China will still continuously increase rapidly, if few Energy-conservation strategies are adopted; (5) considering current little prevalence of Energy-saving actions with low efficiency, more effective Energy-saving actions should be fully adopted in China.