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Tracy M Sterling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spurred Anoda Anoda cristata interference in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: William T Molin, Debbie Boykin, Josie A Hugie, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract A field experiment was conducted in 2000, 2001, and 2002 at Stoneville, MS, to determine the effect of spurred Anoda interference on yield loss of two cotton cultivars, ‘Delta Pine 5415’ and ‘Pima S-6’, grown under wide (1 m) (WR) and ultra narrow (0.25 m) row (UNR) spacings. The relationship between spurred Anoda density and dry weight per plot was linear each year. At a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2, spurred Anoda dry weight per plot was 507, 322, and 777 g m−2 in 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. However, spurred Anoda did not interfere with seed cotton yield in 2001, which was probably attributable to the low branch development in that year. Yield losses exceeded 55% at a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2 compared with controls in both WR and UNR. The effect of spurred Anoda density on boll numbers was nearly identical in 2000 and 2002, regardless of cotton cultivar and row spacing. Boll weights decreased in response to spurred Anoda interference. Spurred Anoda interference resulted in a decr...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda Anoda cristata under nitrogen deficiency
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: Greg T Bettmann, William T Molin, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract Spurred Anoda is a major competitor with cotton in the southern United States. Physiological and antioxidant responses of two species of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L. cv. ‘Pima S-7’ and Gossypium hirsutum L., Delta and Pine Land Company cv. ‘Delta Pine 5415’) and two accessions of spurred Anoda [New Mexico (NM) and Mississippi (MS)] were investigated under nitrogen (N) -sufficient and -deficient conditions in the greenhouse. Pima S-7 had the highest leaf N content of all the plants regardless of treatment. Biomass decreased in all species when N was withheld, with Pima S-7 exhibiting the least reduction and MS the greatest. Plant height decreased in cotton but not spurred Anoda under N stress. Height:node ratio increased 9% in MS, but decreased 8% in DP 5415 when they were deprived of N. Withholding N reduced photosynthesis 45% regardless of species. Comparable decreases were found in stomatal conductance and transpiration, suggesting strong stomatal regulation of gas exchange under N stress. T...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda under interference and mild drought
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003Co-Authors: Harish H Ratnayaka, William T Molin, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:The influence of plant interference and a mild drought on gas exchange and oxidative stress was investigated using potted plants of two cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Delta Pine 5415, and Gossypium barbadense L. cv. Pima S-7) and spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata L. Schlecht.) of the Malvaceae. Without interference, cotton and spurred Anoda had similar net photosynthesis (Pnet) but different pigment profiles. Stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) were greater in spurred Anoda than cotton. Net photosynthesis and biomass in cotton were reduced more by spurred Anoda interference than by intraspecific interference. With interference, the xanthophyll cycle conversion state and alpha-tocopherol levels increased in cotton, but remained unchanged in spurred Anoda. Catalase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were not influenced by plant interference. Without interference, spurred Anoda had lower APX, and similar catalase and GR activities compared with cotton. Mild drought increased APX activity more than 40% in cotton, and 26% in spurred Anoda. Upon drought recovery, drought-induced APX activity was still higher in cotton, and GR activity was higher in previously drought-stressed cotton and spurred Anoda plants compared with well-watered plants. The greater impact of spurred Anoda interference than intraspecific interference on cotton biomass is due mainly to reduced carbon gain in cotton.
Harish H Ratnayaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spurred Anoda Anoda cristata interference in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: William T Molin, Debbie Boykin, Josie A Hugie, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract A field experiment was conducted in 2000, 2001, and 2002 at Stoneville, MS, to determine the effect of spurred Anoda interference on yield loss of two cotton cultivars, ‘Delta Pine 5415’ and ‘Pima S-6’, grown under wide (1 m) (WR) and ultra narrow (0.25 m) row (UNR) spacings. The relationship between spurred Anoda density and dry weight per plot was linear each year. At a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2, spurred Anoda dry weight per plot was 507, 322, and 777 g m−2 in 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. However, spurred Anoda did not interfere with seed cotton yield in 2001, which was probably attributable to the low branch development in that year. Yield losses exceeded 55% at a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2 compared with controls in both WR and UNR. The effect of spurred Anoda density on boll numbers was nearly identical in 2000 and 2002, regardless of cotton cultivar and row spacing. Boll weights decreased in response to spurred Anoda interference. Spurred Anoda interference resulted in a decr...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda Anoda cristata under nitrogen deficiency
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: Greg T Bettmann, William T Molin, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract Spurred Anoda is a major competitor with cotton in the southern United States. Physiological and antioxidant responses of two species of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L. cv. ‘Pima S-7’ and Gossypium hirsutum L., Delta and Pine Land Company cv. ‘Delta Pine 5415’) and two accessions of spurred Anoda [New Mexico (NM) and Mississippi (MS)] were investigated under nitrogen (N) -sufficient and -deficient conditions in the greenhouse. Pima S-7 had the highest leaf N content of all the plants regardless of treatment. Biomass decreased in all species when N was withheld, with Pima S-7 exhibiting the least reduction and MS the greatest. Plant height decreased in cotton but not spurred Anoda under N stress. Height:node ratio increased 9% in MS, but decreased 8% in DP 5415 when they were deprived of N. Withholding N reduced photosynthesis 45% regardless of species. Comparable decreases were found in stomatal conductance and transpiration, suggesting strong stomatal regulation of gas exchange under N stress. T...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda under interference and mild drought
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003Co-Authors: Harish H Ratnayaka, William T Molin, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:The influence of plant interference and a mild drought on gas exchange and oxidative stress was investigated using potted plants of two cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Delta Pine 5415, and Gossypium barbadense L. cv. Pima S-7) and spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata L. Schlecht.) of the Malvaceae. Without interference, cotton and spurred Anoda had similar net photosynthesis (Pnet) but different pigment profiles. Stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) were greater in spurred Anoda than cotton. Net photosynthesis and biomass in cotton were reduced more by spurred Anoda interference than by intraspecific interference. With interference, the xanthophyll cycle conversion state and alpha-tocopherol levels increased in cotton, but remained unchanged in spurred Anoda. Catalase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were not influenced by plant interference. Without interference, spurred Anoda had lower APX, and similar catalase and GR activities compared with cotton. Mild drought increased APX activity more than 40% in cotton, and 26% in spurred Anoda. Upon drought recovery, drought-induced APX activity was still higher in cotton, and GR activity was higher in previously drought-stressed cotton and spurred Anoda plants compared with well-watered plants. The greater impact of spurred Anoda interference than intraspecific interference on cotton biomass is due mainly to reduced carbon gain in cotton.
Henry P Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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absorption translocation and metabolism of 14c thifensulfuron in soybean glycine max spurred Anoda Anoda cristata and velvetleaf abutilon theophrasti
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 1994Co-Authors: Lewis M Walker, Kriton K Hatzios, Henry P WilsonAbstract:The absorption, translocation, and metabolism of thifensulfuron-methyl {methyl 3-[[[[(4-methoxy)-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]-amino]-carbonyl] amino]sulfonyl]-2-thiophenecarboxylate} were investigated in tolerant “Essex” soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], moderately tolerant “Vance” soybean, and spurred Anoda [Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht.], and susceptible velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic.). Radiolabeled (thiophene-2-14C) thifensulfuron-methyl was absorbed readily by young seedlings of all species following a foliar spray with the herbicide. Spot-applied 14C-thifensulfuron-methyl was absorbed by the treated leaf of all species. Absorption of thifensulfuron-methyl was limited when excised stems of all species were dipped into the herbicide solution for 2 h. Translocation of absorbed thifensulfuron-methyl to other plant parts was limited in all species, regardless of the method of its application. Root exudation of leaf-applied thifensulfuron-methyl was observed in all species and it was higher in seedlings of spurred Anoda and velvetleaf. The two soybean cultivars metabolized 62–70% of absorbed thifensulfuron-methyl at 3 days after treatment with spot-applied 14C-thifensulfuron. Velvetleaf and tolerant spurred Anoda metabolized about 50% of the absorbed herbicide. The major metabolite formed in all species appeared to be deesterified thifensulfuron acid. Differential metabolism seems to be a contributing factor in the selectivity of thifensulfuron-methyl between the two soybean cultivars and velvetleaf. The metabolic basis for the moderate tolerance of spurred Anoda to thifensulfuron-methyl is not understood at the present time.
William T Molin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spurred Anoda Anoda cristata interference in wide row and ultra narrow row cotton
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: William T Molin, Debbie Boykin, Josie A Hugie, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract A field experiment was conducted in 2000, 2001, and 2002 at Stoneville, MS, to determine the effect of spurred Anoda interference on yield loss of two cotton cultivars, ‘Delta Pine 5415’ and ‘Pima S-6’, grown under wide (1 m) (WR) and ultra narrow (0.25 m) row (UNR) spacings. The relationship between spurred Anoda density and dry weight per plot was linear each year. At a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2, spurred Anoda dry weight per plot was 507, 322, and 777 g m−2 in 2000, 2001, and 2002, respectively. However, spurred Anoda did not interfere with seed cotton yield in 2001, which was probably attributable to the low branch development in that year. Yield losses exceeded 55% at a spurred Anoda density of 8 m−2 compared with controls in both WR and UNR. The effect of spurred Anoda density on boll numbers was nearly identical in 2000 and 2002, regardless of cotton cultivar and row spacing. Boll weights decreased in response to spurred Anoda interference. Spurred Anoda interference resulted in a decr...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda Anoda cristata under nitrogen deficiency
Weed Science, 2006Co-Authors: Greg T Bettmann, William T Molin, Harish H Ratnayaka, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:Abstract Spurred Anoda is a major competitor with cotton in the southern United States. Physiological and antioxidant responses of two species of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L. cv. ‘Pima S-7’ and Gossypium hirsutum L., Delta and Pine Land Company cv. ‘Delta Pine 5415’) and two accessions of spurred Anoda [New Mexico (NM) and Mississippi (MS)] were investigated under nitrogen (N) -sufficient and -deficient conditions in the greenhouse. Pima S-7 had the highest leaf N content of all the plants regardless of treatment. Biomass decreased in all species when N was withheld, with Pima S-7 exhibiting the least reduction and MS the greatest. Plant height decreased in cotton but not spurred Anoda under N stress. Height:node ratio increased 9% in MS, but decreased 8% in DP 5415 when they were deprived of N. Withholding N reduced photosynthesis 45% regardless of species. Comparable decreases were found in stomatal conductance and transpiration, suggesting strong stomatal regulation of gas exchange under N stress. T...
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physiological and antioxidant responses of cotton and spurred Anoda under interference and mild drought
Journal of Experimental Botany, 2003Co-Authors: Harish H Ratnayaka, William T Molin, Tracy M SterlingAbstract:The influence of plant interference and a mild drought on gas exchange and oxidative stress was investigated using potted plants of two cotton species (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. Delta Pine 5415, and Gossypium barbadense L. cv. Pima S-7) and spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata L. Schlecht.) of the Malvaceae. Without interference, cotton and spurred Anoda had similar net photosynthesis (Pnet) but different pigment profiles. Stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) were greater in spurred Anoda than cotton. Net photosynthesis and biomass in cotton were reduced more by spurred Anoda interference than by intraspecific interference. With interference, the xanthophyll cycle conversion state and alpha-tocopherol levels increased in cotton, but remained unchanged in spurred Anoda. Catalase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were not influenced by plant interference. Without interference, spurred Anoda had lower APX, and similar catalase and GR activities compared with cotton. Mild drought increased APX activity more than 40% in cotton, and 26% in spurred Anoda. Upon drought recovery, drought-induced APX activity was still higher in cotton, and GR activity was higher in previously drought-stressed cotton and spurred Anoda plants compared with well-watered plants. The greater impact of spurred Anoda interference than intraspecific interference on cotton biomass is due mainly to reduced carbon gain in cotton.
Kerrieanne Ho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inter and intra individual variability in response to transcranial direct current stimulation tdcs at varying current intensities
Brain Stimulation, 2015Co-Authors: Taariq Chew, Kerrieanne HoAbstract:Abstract Background Translation of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) from research to clinical practice is hindered by a lack of consensus on optimal stimulation parameters, significant inter-individual variability in response, and in sufficient intra-individual reliability data. Objectives Inter-individual differences in response to Anodal tDCS at a range of current intensities were explored. Intra-individual reliability in response to Anodal tDCS across two identical sessions was also investigated. Methods Twenty-nine subjects participated in a crossover study. Anodal-tDCS using four different current intensities (0.2, 0.5, 1 and 2 mA), with an anode size of 16 cm 2 , was tested. The 0.5 mA condition was repeated to assess intra-individual variability. TMS was used to elicit 40 motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) before 10 min of tDCS, and 20 MEPs at four time-points over 30 min following tDCS. Results ANOVA revealed no main effect of TIME for all conditions except the first 0.5 mA condition, and no differences in response between the four current intensities. Cluster analysis identified two clusters for the 0.2 and 2 mA conditions only. Frequency distributions based on individual subject responses (excitatory, inhibitory or no response) to each condition indicate possible differential responses between individuals to different current intensities. Test-retest reliability was negligible (ICC (2,1) = −0.50). Conclusions Significant inter-individual variability in response to tDCS across a range of current intensities was found. 2 mA and 0.2 mA tDCS were most effective at inducing a distinct response. Significant intra-individual variability in response to tDCS was also found. This has implications for interpreting results of single-session tDCS experiments.