The Experts below are selected from a list of 123 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sung H Jang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Three Dimensional Identification of Medial and Lateral Vestibulospinal Tract in the Human Brain: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W KwonAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract(VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography(DTT). Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest(ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured. Results: The medial VST, which originated from the medial vestibular nuclei, descended through the posteromedial medulla, and terminated at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originated from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminated in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST(p
-
three dimensional identification of medial and lateral vestibulospinal tract in the human brain a diffusion tensor imaging study
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W KwonAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract(VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography(DTT). Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest(ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured. Results: The medial VST, which originated from the medial vestibular nuclei, descended through the posteromedial medulla, and terminated at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originated from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminated in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST(p <0.05). Conclusion: We identified the medial and lateral VST in the human brain using DTT and investigated the anatomical characteristics of the medial and lateral VST. The methodology and results of this study could be helpful to both clinicians and researchers in the neuroscience field.
-
Three Dimensional Identification of Medial and Lateral Vestibulospinal Tract in the Human Brain: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W Kwon, Sang S. YeoAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract (VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest (ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured.Results: The medial VST, which originates from the medial vestibular nuclei, descends through the posteromedial medulla, and terminates at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originates from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminates in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST (p < 0.05).Conclusion: We identified the medial and lateral VST in the human brain using DTT and investigated the anatomical characteristics of the medial and lateral VST. The methodology and results of this study could be helpful to both clinicians and researchers in the neuroscience field
-
Deterioration of pre-existing hemiparesis due to injury of the ipsilateral Anterior corticospinal tract
BMC Neurology, 2013Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Hyeok Gyu KwonAbstract:Background The Anterior corticospinal tract (CST) has been suggested as one of the ipsilateral motor pathways, which contribute to motor recovery following stroke. In this study, we report on a patient who showed deterioration of pre-existing hemiparesis due to an injury of the ipsilateral Anterior CST following a pontine infarct, as evaluated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT). Case presentation A 55-year-old male patient showed quadriparesis after the onset of an infarct in the right pontine basis. He had history of an infarct in the left middle cerebral artery territory 7 years ago. Consequently, he showed right hemiparesis before onset of the right pontine infarct. Following this, his right hemiparesis deteriorated whereas his left hemiparesis newly developed. The DTTs for whole CST of the right hemisphere in the patient and both hemispheres in control subjects descended through the known CST pathway. By contrast, the DTT for the left whole CST of the patient showed a complete injury finding. The DTTs for the Anterior CST of control subjects passed through the known pathway of the CST from cerebral cortex to medulla and terminated in the Anterior Funiculus of the upper cervical cord. However, the DTT for right Anterior CST in the patient showed discontinuation below the right pontine infarct. Conclusion It appeared that the deterioration of the pre-existing right hemiparesis was ascribed to an injury of the right Anterior CST due to the right pontine infarct.
-
Identification of the Anterior corticospinal tract in the human brain using diffusion tensor imaging.
Neuroscience letters, 2011Co-Authors: Hyeok Gyu Kwon, Dong Gyu Lee, Su Min Son, Woo Mok Byun, Cheol Pyo Hong, Dong-hoon Lee, Saeyoon Kim, Sung H JangAbstract:Abstract The corticospinal tract (CST) is generally classified into the crossed lateral CST and the uncrossed Anterior CST. No diffusion tensor imaging study for identification of the Anterior CST in the human brain has been conducted. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we attempted to identify the Anterior CST and investigate the characteristics of the Anterior CST in the normal human brain. We recruited 15 healthy volunteers for this study. Diffusion tensor images were scanned using 1.5 T. For the whole CST, two regions of interest were placed on the CST area of the pons and upper medulla. By contrast, for the Anterior CST, an additional region of interest was given on the Anterior Funiculus of the upper cervical cord. The Anterior CSTs, which originated from the cerebral cortex descended through the known pathway of the CST, and terminated in the Anterior Funiculus of the upper cervical cord. Compared with whole CSTs, the Anterior CSTs showed decreased fiber number, fractional anisotropy, and apparent diffusion coefficient ( P
O Masamune - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Kinesin accumulation in chick spinal axonal swellings with beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) intoxication.
Neuroscience letters, 1998Co-Authors: I Toyoshima, K Kato, M Sugawara, C Wada, O MasamuneAbstract:Kinesin is a major molecular motor responsible for anterograde axonal transport. Chicks were injected with beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) to induce axonal swellings in spinal motor neurons and spinal sensory ganglion neurons. Cylindrical swollen axons were found in the Anterior horn and Anterior Funiculus of the spinal cord, Anterior root, and spinal ganglia. All of the axonal swellings were heavily stained with two anti-kinesin monoclonal antibodies. The swellings were mildly stained with an anti-cytoplasmic dynein and anti-tubulin antibodies, and weakly stained with an anti-tau antibody. These suggest the isolated disturbance of kinesin transport with neurofilament accumulation in IDPN intoxication.
-
Kinesin accumulation in chick spinal axonal swellings with β,β′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) intoxication
Neuroscience Letters, 1998Co-Authors: I Toyoshima, K Kato, M Sugawara, C Wada, O MasamuneAbstract:Abstract Kinesin is a major molecular motor responsible for anterograde axonal transport. Chicks were injected with β , β ′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) to induce axonal swellings in spinal motor neurons and spinal sensory ganglion neurons. Cylindrical swollen axons were found in the Anterior horn and Anterior Funiculus of the spinal cord, Anterior root, and spinal ganglia. All of the axonal swellings were heavily stained with two anti-kinesin monoclonal antibodies. The swellings were mildly stained with an anti-cytoplasmic dynein and anti-tubulin antibodies, and weakly stained with an anti-tau antibody. These suggest the isolated disturbance of kinesin transport with neurofilament accumulation in IDPN intoxication.
Sobue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Widespread spinal cord involvement in progressive supranuclear palsy
Neuropathology, 2007Co-Authors: Yasushi Iwasaki, Ikuko Aiba, Yoshio Hashizume, Mari Yoshida, Manabu Hattori, SobueAbstract:We describe the histopathologic features of spinal cord lesions in 10 cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and review the literature. Histologic examination revealed atrophy with myelin pallor in the Anterior Funiculus and anterolateral Funiculus in the cervical and thoracic segments in eight of the 10 cases, whereas the posterior Funiculus was well preserved. The degrees of atrophy of the Anterior Funiculus and the anterolateral Funiculus correlated with that of the tegmentum of the medulla oblongata. Myelin pallor of the lateral corticospinal tract was observed in two of the 10 cases. Microscopic observation of the spinal white matter, particularly the cervical segment, revealed a few to several neuropil threads, particularly in the white matter surrounding the Anterior horn after Gallyas-Braak (GB) staining or AT-8 tau immunostaining. However, the posterior Funiculus was completely preserved from the presence of argyrophilic or tau-positive structures. In the spinal gray matter, widespread distribution of neurons with cytoplasmic inclusions and neuropil threads was observed, particularly in the medial division of the Anterior horn and intermediate gray matter, especially in the cervical segment. Globose-type neurofibrillary tangles and pretangles were found. The distribution of GB- or AT-8 tau-positive small neurons and neuropil threads resembled that of the spinal interneurons. In conclusion, the spinal cord, especially the cervical segment, is constantly involved in the pathologic process of PSP. We speculate that spinal interneurons and their neuronal processes, particularly in the medial division of the Anterior horn and intermediate gray matter of the cervical segment, are most severely damaged in the PSP spinal cord.
-
Widespread spinal cord involvement in corticobasal degeneration
Acta Neuropathologica, 2005Co-Authors: Yasushi Iwasaki, Yoshio Hashizume, Mari Yoshida, Manabu Hattori, SobueAbstract:We examined spinal cord lesions in eight patients with a pathological diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration (CBD). Using Gallyas-Braak (G-B) staining or AT-8 tau immunostaining, a few neuropil threads were identified in the white matter of the CBD spinal cords, mainly in the Anterior Funiculus, whereas the posterior Funiculus was well preserved without threads. In the gray matter of the CBD spinal cords, particularly in the intermediate gray matter, there were widespread neuropil threads and neuronal inclusions. Large motor neurons in the Anterior horn, neurons in the intermediolateral column, and Clarke’s column were relatively well preserved from neuronal loss and gliosis. Neuronal inclusions were of the globose type, suggestive of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), or showed diffuse granular accumulations of cytoplasmic tau, suggestive of pretangles. No typical NFTs, recognized by Bodian silver staining, were identified. The distribution of neuropil threads and G-B- or AT-8 tau-positive small neurons resembled that of interneurons. No astrocytic plaques were present in any of the CBD spinal cords, and only a few coiled bodies were seen. Neuropil threads in the white and gray matter and neuronal inclusions in the gray matter were prominent in cervical segments, and their density decreased caudally. We suggest that the presence of neuropil threads, particularly in the cervical intermediate gray matter, and the presence of neuronal inclusions, particularly in cervical interneurons, is an essential pathological feature of CBD.
Jung W Kwon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Three Dimensional Identification of Medial and Lateral Vestibulospinal Tract in the Human Brain: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study.
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W KwonAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract(VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography(DTT). Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest(ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured. Results: The medial VST, which originated from the medial vestibular nuclei, descended through the posteromedial medulla, and terminated at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originated from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminated in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST(p
-
three dimensional identification of medial and lateral vestibulospinal tract in the human brain a diffusion tensor imaging study
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W KwonAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract(VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography(DTT). Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest(ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy(FA), mean diffusivity(MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured. Results: The medial VST, which originated from the medial vestibular nuclei, descended through the posteromedial medulla, and terminated at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originated from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminated in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST(p <0.05). Conclusion: We identified the medial and lateral VST in the human brain using DTT and investigated the anatomical characteristics of the medial and lateral VST. The methodology and results of this study could be helpful to both clinicians and researchers in the neuroscience field.
-
Three Dimensional Identification of Medial and Lateral Vestibulospinal Tract in the Human Brain: A Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Sung H Jang, Jung W Kwon, Sang S. YeoAbstract:Purpose: The vestibulospinal tract (VST) is involved in balance control and gait function. No research has identified the VST in the human brain. In the current study, we attempted to identify the medial and lateral VST in the human brain, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).Materials and Methods: We recruited 40 healthy volunteers for this study. For reconstruction of the medial VST, a seed region of interest (ROI) was placed on the medial vestibular nuclei in the pons and target ROI on the posteromedial medulla. For reconstruction of the lateral VST, a seed ROI was placed on the lateral vestibular nuclei of pons and the target ROI on the posterolateral medulla. Values of fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and tract volume of the medial and lateral VST were measured.Results: The medial VST, which originates from the medial vestibular nuclei, descends through the posteromedial medulla, and terminates at the Anterior Funiculus of the cervical spinal cord. The lateral VST originates from the lateral vestibular nuclei, and terminates in the Anterior portion of lateral Funiculus, through the posterolateral medulla. The FA value of medial VST was significantly higher than that of lateral VST. In contrast, the MD value and tract volume were significantly lower than those of lateral VST (p < 0.05).Conclusion: We identified the medial and lateral VST in the human brain using DTT and investigated the anatomical characteristics of the medial and lateral VST. The methodology and results of this study could be helpful to both clinicians and researchers in the neuroscience field
I Toyoshima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Kinesin accumulation in chick spinal axonal swellings with beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) intoxication.
Neuroscience letters, 1998Co-Authors: I Toyoshima, K Kato, M Sugawara, C Wada, O MasamuneAbstract:Kinesin is a major molecular motor responsible for anterograde axonal transport. Chicks were injected with beta,beta'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) to induce axonal swellings in spinal motor neurons and spinal sensory ganglion neurons. Cylindrical swollen axons were found in the Anterior horn and Anterior Funiculus of the spinal cord, Anterior root, and spinal ganglia. All of the axonal swellings were heavily stained with two anti-kinesin monoclonal antibodies. The swellings were mildly stained with an anti-cytoplasmic dynein and anti-tubulin antibodies, and weakly stained with an anti-tau antibody. These suggest the isolated disturbance of kinesin transport with neurofilament accumulation in IDPN intoxication.
-
Kinesin accumulation in chick spinal axonal swellings with β,β′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) intoxication
Neuroscience Letters, 1998Co-Authors: I Toyoshima, K Kato, M Sugawara, C Wada, O MasamuneAbstract:Abstract Kinesin is a major molecular motor responsible for anterograde axonal transport. Chicks were injected with β , β ′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) to induce axonal swellings in spinal motor neurons and spinal sensory ganglion neurons. Cylindrical swollen axons were found in the Anterior horn and Anterior Funiculus of the spinal cord, Anterior root, and spinal ganglia. All of the axonal swellings were heavily stained with two anti-kinesin monoclonal antibodies. The swellings were mildly stained with an anti-cytoplasmic dynein and anti-tubulin antibodies, and weakly stained with an anti-tau antibody. These suggest the isolated disturbance of kinesin transport with neurofilament accumulation in IDPN intoxication.
