The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Virginia Pascual - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • transcriptional fingerprints of antigen presenting Cell subsets in the human vaginal mucosa and skin reflect tissue specific immune microenvironments
    Genome Medicine, 2014
    Co-Authors: Dorothee Duluc, Romain Banchereau, Julien Gannevat, Luann Thompsonsnipes, Jeanphilippe Blanck, Sandra Zurawski, Gerard Zurawski, Seunghee Hong, Jose Rossellourgell, Virginia Pascual
    Abstract:

    Background Dendritic Cells localize throughout the body, where they can sense and capture invading pathogens to induce protective immunity. Hence, harnessing the biology of tissue-resident dendritic Cells is fundamental for the rational design of vaccines against pathogens.

  • transcriptional fingerprints of antigen presenting Cell subsets in the human vaginal mucosa and skin reflect tissue specific immune
    2014
    Co-Authors: Dorothee Duluc, Romain Banchereau, Julien Gannevat, Luann Thompsonsnipes, Jeanphilippe Blanck, Sandra Zurawski, Gerard Zurawski, Seunghee Hong, Jose Rossellourgell, Virginia Pascual
    Abstract:

    Background: Dendritic Cells localize throughout the body, where they can sense and capture invading pathogens to induce protective immunity. Hence, harnessing the biology of tissue-resident dendritic Cells is fundamental for the rational design of vaccines against pathogens. Methods: Herein, we characterized the transcriptomes of four Antigen-Presenting Cell subsets from the human vagina (Langerhans Cells, CD14 - and CD14 + dendritic Cells, macrophages) by microarray, at both the transcript and network level, and compared them to those of three skin dendritic Cell subsets and blood myeloid dendritic Cells. Results: We found that genomic fingerprints of Antigen-Presenting Cells are significantly influenced by the tissue of origin as well as by individual subsets. Nonetheless, CD14 + populations from both vagina and skin are geared towards innate immunity and pro-inflammatory responses, whereas CD14 - populations, particularly skin and vaginal Langerhans Cells, and vaginal CD14 - dendritic Cells, display both Th2-inducing and regulatory phenotypes. We also identified new phenotypic and functional biomarkers of vaginal Antigen-Presenting Cell subsets. Conclusions: We provide a transcriptional database of 87 microarray samples spanning eight Antigen-Presenting Cell populations in the human vagina, skin and blood. Altogether, these data provide molecular information that will further help characterize human tissue Antigen-Presenting Cell lineages and their functions. Data from this study can guide the design of mucosal vaccines against sexually transmitted pathogens.

Timothy D Clay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Patricia Roxburgh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Mark M Davis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • continuous t Cell receptor signaling required for synapse maintenance and full effector potential
    Nature Immunology, 2003
    Co-Authors: C Sumen, Mark M Davis, Johannes B Huppa, Michael Gleimer
    Abstract:

    Although signals through the T Cell receptor (TCR) are essential for the initiation of T helper Cell activation, it is unclear what function such signals have during the prolonged T Cell–Antigen-Presenting Cell contact. Here we simultaneously tracked TCR-CD3 complex and phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in single T Cells using three-dimensional video microscopy. Despite rapid internalization of most of the TCR-CD3, TCR-dependant signaling was still evident up to 10 h after conjugate formation. Blocking this interaction caused dissolution of the synapse and proportional reductions in interleukin 2 production and Cellular proliferation. Thus TCR signaling persists for hours, has a cumulative effect and is necessary for the maintenance of the immunological synapse.

  • the immunological synapse
    Annual Review of Immunology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Shannon K Bromley, Paul M Allen, Andrey S Shaw, Tasha N Sims, W R Burack, Kenneth G Johnson, K Somersalo, C Sumen, Mark M Davis, Michael L Dustin
    Abstract:

    The adaptive immune response is initiated by the interaction of T Cell antigen receptors with major histocompatibility complex molecule-peptide complexes in the nanometer scale gap between a T Cell and an Antigen-Presenting Cell, referred to as an immunological synapse. In this review we focus on the concept of immunological synapse formation as it relates to membrane structure, T Cell polarity, signaling pathways, and the Antigen-Presenting Cell. Membrane domains provide an organizational principle for compartmentalization within the immunological synapse. T Cell polarization by chemokines increases T Cell sensitivity to antigen. The current model is that signaling and formation of the immunological synapse are tightly interwoven in mature T Cells. We also extend this model to natural killer Cell activation, where the inhibitory NK synapse provides a striking example in which inhibition of signaling leaves the synapse in its nascent, inverted state. The APC may also play an active role in immunological synapse formation, particularly for activation of naive T Cells.

  • the vav exchange factor is an essential regulator in actin dependent receptor translocation to the lymphocyte antigen presenting Cell interface
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2000
    Co-Authors: Christoph Wulfing, Angela Bauch, Gerald R Crabtree, Mark M Davis
    Abstract:

    During the interaction of a T Cell with an Antigen-Presenting Cell (APC), several receptor ligand pairs, including the T Cell receptor (TCR)/major histocompatibility complex (MHC), accumulate at the T Cell/APC interface in defined geometrical patterns. This accumulation depends on a movement of the T Cell cortical actin cytoskeleton toward the interface. Here we study the involvement of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor vav in this process. We crossed 129 vav−/− mice with B10/BR 5C.C7 TCR transgenic mice and used peptide-loaded APCs to stimulate T Cells from the offspring. We found that the accumulation of TCR/MHC at the T Cell/APC interface and the T Cell actin cytoskeleton rearrangement were clearly defective in these vav+/− mice. A comparable defect in superantigen-mediated T Cell activation of T Cells from non-TCR transgenic 129 mice was also observed, although in this case it was more apparent in vav−/− mice. These data indicate that vav is an essential regulator of cytoskeletal rearrangements during T Cell activation.

  • the immunological synapse a molecular machine controlling t Cell activation
    Science, 1999
    Co-Authors: Arash Grakoui, Paul M Allen, Andrey S Shaw, Shannon K Bromley, C Sumen, Mark M Davis, Michael L Dustin
    Abstract:

    The specialized junction between a T lymphocyte and an Antigen-Presenting Cell, the immunological synapse, consists of a central cluster of T Cell receptors surrounded by a ring of adhesion molecules. Immunological synapse formation is now shown to be an active and dynamic mechanism that allows T Cells to distinguish potential antigenic ligands. Initially, T Cell receptor ligands were engaged in an outermost ring of the nascent synapse. Transport of these complexes into the central cluster was dependent on T Cell receptor—ligand interaction kinetics. Finally, formation of a stable central cluster at the heart of the synapse was a determinative event for T Cell proliferation. A critical event in the initiation of the adaptive

Enriqueta Felip - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.