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Antonio Cianci - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of effects of an oral contraceptive containing ethinylestradiol combined with drospirenone on adrenal steroidogenesis in hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome
    Fertility and Sterility, 2007
    Co-Authors: Vincenzo De Leo, Maria Concetta Musacchio, Giuseppe Morgante, Paola Piomboni, Felice Petraglia, Antonio Cianci
    Abstract:

    Objective To investigate whether the administration of an oral contraceptive containing the new antiandrogenic drospirenone is associated with reduced adrenal androgen synthesis in hyperandrogenic women with diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Drospirenone, an analogue of spironolactone and aldosterone antagonist, is a novel progestin under clinical development that is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, combining potent progestogenic with Antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activities. Design Prospective study. Setting Healthy volunteers in University Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Patient(s) Fifteen women ages 18 to 28 years with the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Intervention(s) Three months of contraceptive use (30 mcg ethinylestradiol, 3 mg drospirenone). Main Outcome Measure(s) An adrenocorticotropic hormone test was performed before and after the study. Result(s) Adrenal production of cortisol was unchanged after therapy with oral contraceptives. An interesting observation was reduced basal concentrations of androgens such as androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone, and free testosterone during therapy. The ratios of the areas of substrates to products before and after oral contraceptive administration were compared for differences in 17α-hydroxylase (17-hydroxyprogesterone/progesterone) and 17,20-lyase (androstenedione/17-hydroxyprogesterone); activities were significantly reduced, indicating a reduction in the activities of these enzymes. Conclusion(s) The present results show for the first time that oral contraceptives containing drospirenone affect adrenal steroidogenesis by reducing synthesis and release of androgens in response to adrenocorticotropic hormone, leaving adrenal production of cortisol unchanged.

  • prospective study on sexual behavior of women using 30 μg ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone oral contraceptive
    Contraception, 2005
    Co-Authors: Salvatore Caruso, Carmela Agnello, Giorgia Intelisano, M Farina, Lucia Di Mari, Lucia Sparacino, Antonio Cianci
    Abstract:

    Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the changes, if any, on the sexual behavior of women using an oral contraceptive containing 30 ��g ethinylestradiol (EE) and 3 mg drospirenone (DRSP). Eighty healthy volunteer women (age range, 19���31 years), with regular menstrual cycle length (mean 27.6��3.1) and ovulation, participated in this prospective study. Sexual behavior was assessed using the self-administered Personal Experience Questionnaire, at baseline and at 3, 6 and 9 cycles of pill use. Women reported increased (i) sexual enjoyment (p The mild dose of EE may have improved vaginal lubrication, sexual arousal and decreased dyspareunia. Consequently, women may have experienced increased sexual performance. In addition, improved sexual activity could have been the result of the effects of DRSP, with its Antimineralocorticoid effects which could improve pill compliance, with a more satisfied sexual life.

W Oelkers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • drospirenone a progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid properties a short review
    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 2004
    Co-Authors: W Oelkers
    Abstract:

    Abstract Progesterone (P) has high affinity to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MCR), and it is an MCR antagonist. Almost all synthetic progestogens are devoid of this Antimineralocorticoid (anti-MC) effect. They are unable to antagonize the salt retaining effect of estrogens. This could be one cause of weight gain and an increase in blood pressure with the use of combined oral contraceptives (OC) and, in some susceptible women, with postmenopausal estrogen/(progestogen) treatment. The purpose of this presentation is to review results of clinical studies with drospirenone (DRSP), a new progestogen developed by Schering A.G., with anti-MCR activity. DRSP is a derivative of 17-α-spirolactone. In rats, rabbits and in man, it is a PR-agonist and an MCR- and androgen-R antagonist with no effect on the glucocorticoid-R and the estrogen-R. In normally menstruating women, 2–3 mg DRSP per day, taken from day 5 to 25 of the cycle, inhibit ovulation, lead to a mild natriuresis, and a slight compensatory activation of the renin–aldosterone system. Compared with an OC containing 30 μg ethinylestradiol (EE) and 150 μg levonorgestrel, a combination of 3 mg DRSP with 30 μg EE given over 6 months led to a slight decrease in body weight and blood pressure. The reduction in mean body weight by a combination of DRSP with EE compared with a conventional OC could be confirmed in a study over 26 months in 900 young women. The OC containing DRSP has favorable effects in patients suffering from the premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and, partly due to the antiandrogenic effect of DRSP, in those with acne vulgaris. For postmenopausal women, a combination of DRSP with estradiol has been developed with the expectation that the slight blood pressure lowering and weight reducing effects will minimize cardiovascular morbidity in patients needing hormone treatment because of hot flushes and other climacteric symptoms. Conclusions: DRSP, by its anti-MCR effect and its potential to slightly decrease body weight and blood pressure, shares many pharmacodynamic properties with progesterone, and it is a candidate for reducing cardiovascular morbidity in women using OCs or postmenopausal hormone treatment.

  • renal inactivation mineralocorticoid generation and 11β hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibition ameliorate the Antimineralocorticoid effect of progesterone in vivo
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2003
    Co-Authors: Marcus Quinkler, W Oelkers, B Meyer, S Diederich
    Abstract:

    Progesterone (P) is a strong mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonist in vitro. The high P concentrations seen in normal pregnancy only moderately increase renin and aldosterone concentrations. In previous in vitro studies we hypothesized that this may be explained by intrarenal conversion of P to less potent metabolites. To investigate the in vivo anti-MR potency of P, we performed an infusion study in patients with adrenal insufficiency (n = 8). They omitted 9α-fluorocortisol for 4 d and hydrocortisone for 0.5 d before a continuous iv infusion of aldosterone for 8.5 h, with an additional iv P infusion commenced at 4 h. During aldosterone infusions the initially elevated urinary sodium to potassium ratio decreased significantly. Despite the 1000-fold excess of P over aldosterone, the urinary sodium to potassium ratio and urinary sodium excretion increased only slightly after 3 h of P infusion. We detected inhibition of renal 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 by P, thus giving cortisol/prednisolon...

  • drospirenone a new progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid activity resembling natural progesterone
    The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception, 2000
    Co-Authors: W Oelkers
    Abstract:

    In the second half of a normal menstrual cycle, progesterone levels rise. Progesterone binds to its specific receptor, but also to the mineralocorticoid receptor; thus progesterone acts as a mineralocorticoid antagonist. For this reason, natriuresis is slightly enhanced in the luteal phase, and, as a reflection of the negative sodium balance, plasma renin and aldosterone rise by 20-50%. This rise is of a compensatory nature, and prevents further sodium losses. All conventional synthetic progestogens, whether they are derivatives of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone or 19-nortestosterone, lack the Antimineralocorticoid effect of natural progesterone. Ethinylestradiol, as the estrogenic component of combined oral contraceptives, is a sodium-retaining drug. This effect is mainly due to a significant increase of the hepatic synthesis of renin substrate (angiotensinogen). Even with low-dose oral contraceptives, systolic and diastolic blood pressure may be raised in susceptible individuals. Drospirenone is a new progestogen, derived from 17alpha-spirolactone, and the relationship between its progestogenic and its Antimineralocorticoid potency is almost identical to that of natural progesterone. In an early preclinical study in 12 normal young women, it was found that the oral administration of 2 mg drospirenone for 6 days led to a cumulative sodium loss of 84 mmol and a significant rise in plasma renin and aldosterone, compared with placebo. In a second experiment, it was found that 2 mg drospirenone given from cycle days 5 to 25 to six regularly menstruating women suppressed ovulation and led to a slight natriuresis without a change in blood pressure, while renin and aldosterone levels slightly increased. The natriuresis and the increase in renin and aldosterone levels did not occur in six other women who received 1 mg cyproterone acetate (a progestogen with antiandrogenic properties), instead of drospirenone. Consequently, an oral contraceptive was designed containing 30 microg ethinylestradiol and 3 mg drospirenone (Yasmin, Schering AG, Berlin, Germany) in the hope of developing a contraceptive that might prevent the sodium retention brought about by the effect of ethinylestradiol. In a 6-month study involving 20 regularly menstruating women, it was shown that the addition of drospirenone to ethinylestradiol did indeed prevent the small rise in body weight and blood pressure observed in some women taking a conventional oral contraceptive. In all studies conducted so far with Yasmin, cycle control and tolerability have been found to be good. In conclusion, Yasmin may become an especially well-tolerated combined oral contraceptive, due to the striking similarity between its progestogenic component drospirenone and progesterone.

  • effects of a new oral contraceptive containing an Antimineralocorticoid progestogen drospirenone on the renin aldosterone system body weight blood pressure glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1995
    Co-Authors: W Oelkers, Jeanmichel Foidart, N Dombrovicz, A Welter, R Heithecker
    Abstract:

    Combined hormonal oral contraceptives (OCs) may lead to a mild rise in blood pressure and body weight. In rare instances, large increments in blood pressure are measured. We investigated the effect of a combination of ethinyl estradiol (EE) plus a progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid, i.e. natriuretic, properties [Drospirenone (DRSP)] on body weight, blood pressure, the renin-aldosterone system, atrial natriuretic factor, plasma lipids, and glucose tolerance. It is anticipated that this will lead to the development of an OC that does not raise body weight or blood pressure. Four groups of 20 women each received 30 micrograms EE plus 3 mg DRSP (group A), 20 micrograms EE plus 3 mg DRSP (group B), 15 micrograms EE plus 3 mg DRSP (group C), and, as a control OC, 30 micrograms EE plus 150 micrograms levonorgestrel (Microgynon, Schering; group D) for 6 months. During the OC-free control cycles before and after treatment and throughout treatment, the target parameters were measured. Between the pretreatment cycle and the sixth treatment cycle, mean body weight fell by 0.8 to 1.7 kg in groups A, B, and C (P 0.05), whereas triglyceride levels showed a stronger increase in the DRSP groups (P < 0.05) than in group D. All groups attained good cycle control; group A had the best. Side-effects were minimal. To our knowledge, this is the first report on a combined OC that leads to a small decrease in body weight and blood pressure. It may be especially beneficial for women susceptible for a gain in weight and a rise in blood pressure.

  • dihydrospirorenone a new progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid activity effects on ovulation electrolyte excretion and the renin aldosterone system in normal women
    The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 1991
    Co-Authors: W Oelkers, Walter Elger, V Berger, A Bolik, V Bahr, B Hazard, S Beier, A Heithecker
    Abstract:

    Dihydrospirorenone (DHSP; 6β,7β,15β,16β-di-methylen-3-oxo-17α-pregn-4-en-21,17-carbolacton) is an aldosterone antagonist 8 times as potent as spironolactone in the rat. It is also a progestogen that suppresses ovulation in normal women at a daily dosage of 2 mg. The effects of this dosage on the renin-aldosterone system and sodium and potassium balances were investigated in two experiments. In study I, 12 healthy women received a diet with 100 mmol sodium and 60–70 mmol potassium per day from days 3–13 of their normal menstrual cycles. Six women took 2 mg DHSP; 6 others received placebo from days 8–13 of the cycle. Sodium excretion in the DHSP group rose from a mean of 79 to 98.5 ± 8.3 mmol/day during medication. Placebo had no effect. The difference between average sodium excretion rates in subjects treated with DHSP or placebo was close to significance (P = 0.053). Potassium excretion did not change. Weight loss was slightly greater after DHSP than placebo treatment. PRA and plasma and urinary aldostero...

Karlheinrich Fritzemeier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Medroxyprogesterone acetate but not drospirenone ablates the protective function of 17 beta-estradiol in aldosterone salt-treated rats.
    Hypertension, 2006
    Co-Authors: Paula Anahi Arias-loza, Andreas Schäfer, Johann Bauersachs, Thomas Quaschning, Jan Galle, Virginija Jazbutyte, Ludwig Neyses, Georg Ertl, Karlheinrich Fritzemeier
    Abstract:

    Controversial results obtained from human and animal studies on the prevention of heart disease by estrogens and progestins warrant a better understanding of nuclear hormone receptor function and interaction. To address this issue and taking into account that effects of synthetic progestins are not only referable to action through the progesterone receptor but may also be mediated by other steroid receptors, we characterized cardiovascular function and inflammatory gene expression in aldosterone salt-treated rats on long-term administration of 17beta-estradiol, medroxyprogesterone acetate, and drospirenone, a new progestogen exhibiting Antimineralocorticoid activity. The complex pattern of cardiovascular injury in ovariectomized Wistar rats induced by chronic aldosterone infusion plus a high-salt diet was significantly attenuated in sham-ovariectomized rats and by coadministration of 17beta-estradiol in ovariectomized animals after 8 weeks of continuous treatment. The beneficial role of 17beta-estradiol on blood pressure, cardiac hypertrophy, vascular osteopontin expression, perivascular fibrosis, and impaired NO-dependent relaxation of isolated aortic rings was completely abrogated by coadministration of medroxyprogesterone acetate. In contrast, drospirenone was either neutral or additive to 17beta-estradiol in protecting against aldosterone salt-induced cardiovascular injury and inflammation. The current results support the hypothesis of complex interactions among estrogen, progesterone, glucocorticoid, androgen, and mineralocorticoid receptor signaling in cardiovascular injury and inflammation. Novel progestins, such as drospirenone, confer superior effects compared with medroxyprogesterone acetate in a model of aldosterone-induced heart disease because of its Antimineralocorticoid properties.

  • the novel progestin drospirenone and its natural counterpart progesterone biochemical profile and antiandrogenic potential
    Contraception, 1996
    Co-Authors: Ulrike Fuhrmann, Rolf Krattenmacher, Emily P Slater, Karlheinrich Fritzemeier
    Abstract:

    Abstract Drospirenone is a novel progestin under clinical development that is similar to the natural hormone progesterone, combining potent progestogenic with Antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activities. This specific pharmacological profile of drospirenone is defined by its pattern of binding affinities to a variety of steroid hormone receptors. In the present study the affinity of drospirenone to the progesterone receptor (PR), the androgen receptor (AR), the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), and the estrogen receptor (ER) was re-evaluated by steroid binding assays and compared to those obtained for the natural hormone progesterone. Drospirenone displayed high affinity to PR and MR and low binding to AR, similar to progesterone. Unlike progesterone, which showed considerable binding to GR, drospirenone exhibited only low binding to this receptor. Neither drospirenone nor progesterone did bind to the ER. In addition to receptor binding studies, transactivation assays were carried out to investigated the effects of drospirenone and progesterone on AR-, GR-, and MR-mediated induction of transcription. Both progestins showed no androgenic but antiandrogenic activity by inhibiting AR-mediated transcription in a dose-dependent manner. This observation could be confirmed by in vivo experiments carried out with orchiectomized male rats, where the antiandrogenic potency of drospirenone was found to be about five- to ten-fold higher than that of progesterone. In contrast to progesterone, drospirenone was devoid of glucocorticoid activity. Both progestins did not show any antiglucocorticoid action. Furthermore, drospirenone and progesterone both showed considerable Antimineralocorticoid activity and weak mineralocorticoid activity.

  • drospirenone a novel progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1995
    Co-Authors: Peter Muhn, Rolf Krattenmacher, Ulrike Fuhrmann, Karlheinrich Fritzemeier, Ekkehard Schillinger
    Abstract:

    Drospirenone (ZK 30595; 6 beta, 7 beta, 15 beta, 16 beta-dimethylen-3-oxo-17 alpha-pregn-4-ene-21, 17-carbolactone) is a novel progestogen under clinical development. Drospirenone is characterized by an innovative pharmacodynamic profile which is very closely related to that of progesterone. Potential applications include oral contraception, hormone replacement therapy and treatment of hormonal disorders. The pharmacological properties of drospirenone were investigated in vitro by receptor binding and transactivation experiments and in vivo in appropriate animal models. In qualitative agreement with progesterone, the compound binds strongly to the progesterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor and with lower affinity to androgen and glucocorticoid receptors. There is no detectable binding to the estrogen receptor. Steroid hormone agonistic and antagonistic activities of progesterone and drospirenone were compared in transactivation experiments. Individual steroid hormone receptors were artificially expressed together with a reporter gene in appropriate cell lines. Both hormones were unable to induce any androgen receptor-mediated agonistic activity. Rather, both progesterone and drospirenone distinctly antagonized androgen-stimulated transcriptional activation. Likewise, both compounds only very weakly activated the mineralocorticoid receptor but showed potent aldosterone antagonistic activity. Drospirenone did not induce glucocorticoid receptor-driven transactivation. Progesterone was a weak agonist in this respect. Drospirenone exerts potent progestogenic and antigonadotropic activity which was studied in various animal species. It efficiently promotes the maintenance of pregnancy in ovariectomized rats, inhibits ovulation in rats and mice and stimulates endometrial transformation in the rabbit. Furthermore, drospirenone shows potent antigonadotropic, i.e., testosterone-lowering activity in male cynomolgus monkeys. The progestogenic potency of drospirenone was found to be in the range of that of norethisterone acetate. The majority of clinically used progestogens are androgenic. Drospirenone, like progesterone, has no androgenic but rather an antiandrogenic effect. This property was demonstrated in castrated, testosterone propionate substituted male rats by a dose-dependent inhibition of accessory sex organ growth (seminal vesicles, prostate). In this model, the potency of drospirenone was about a third that of cyproterone acetate. Drospirenone, like progesterone, shows Antimineralocorticoid activity, which causes moderately increased sodium and water excretion. This is an outstanding characteristic which has not been described for any other synthetic progestogen before. Drospirenone is eight to ten times more effective in this respect than spironolactone. The natriuretic effect was demonstrable for at least three weeks upon daily treatment of rats with a dose of 10 mg/animal. Drospirenone is devoid of any estrogenic, glucocorticoid or antiglucocorticoid activity. In summary, drospirenone, like progesterone, combines potent progestogenic with Antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic activity in a similar dose range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

  • characterization of the novel progestin gestodene by receptor binding studies and transactivation assays
    Contraception, 1995
    Co-Authors: Ulrike Fuhrmann, Emily P Slater, Karlheinrich Fritzemeier
    Abstract:

    Abstract Gestodene is a novel progestin used in oral contracepttives with an increased separation of progestogenic versus androgenic activity and a distinct Antimineralocorticoid activity. This specific pharmacological profile of gestodene is defined by its pattern of binding affinities to a variety of steroid hormone receptors. In the present study the affinity of gestodene to the progesterone receptor (PR), the androgen receptor (AR), the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and the estrogen receptor (ER) was re-evaluated by steroid binding assays and compared to those obtained for 3-keto-desogestrel and progesterone. The two synthetic progestins displayed identical high affinity to rabbit PR and similar marked binding to rat AR and GR, while progesterone showed high affinity to PR but only low binding to AR and GR. Furthermore, 3-keto-desogestrel exhibited almost no binding to MR, whereas gestodene, similar to progesterone, showed marked affinity to this receptor. In addition to receptor binding studies, transactivation assays were carried out to investigated the effects of gestodene on AR-, GR- and MR-mediated induction of transcription. In contrast to progesterone, which showed antiandrogenic activity, gestodene and 3-keto-desogestrel both exhibited androgenic activity. Furthermore, all three progestins exhibited weak GR-mediated antagonistic activity. In contrast to progesterone, which showed almost no glucocorticoid activity, gestodene and 3-keto-desogestrel showed weak glucocorticoid action. In addition, gestodene inhibited the aldosterone-induced reporter gene transcription, similar to progesterone, whereas unlike progesterone, gestodene did not induce reporter gene transcription. 3-Keto-desogestrel showed neither Antimineralocorticoid nor mineralocorticoid action.

Franca Fruzzetti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of an oral contraceptive containing 30 microg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone on body composition of young women affected by premenstrual syndrome with symptoms of water retention
    Contraception, 2007
    Co-Authors: Franca Fruzzetti, Veronica Lazzarini, Cabiria Ricci, B Quirici, Marco Gambacciani, Anna Maria Paoletti, Andrea R Genazzani
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate body weight and composition during oral contraception with 30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone (30EE+DRSP) in women affected by premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with somatic symptoms related to water retention. Design This prospective study was performed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in 18 normally cycling PMS patients (mean age, 28.8 years) evaluated at baseline, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and after 3 and 6 cycles of 30EE+DRSP. Total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), fat mass and fat-free mass were evaluated. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure were also determined at each visit. Basal values were compared with those measured in 31 healthy females without PMS (controls). Results PMS patients have higher levels of TBW and ICW than controls. After 6 months of 30EE+DRSP, TBW and ECW were significantly lower than before treatment. No significant variations in ICW or in the other parameters were observed. Conclusion In women with PMS, 30EE+DRSP reduces the concentrations in TBW and ECW. This effect is likely due to the Antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP. Whether these changes may account for the improvement of premenstrual fluid-related symptoms reported with this formulation is discussed.

  • the oral contraceptive containing 30 μg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone is able to antagonize the increase of extracellular water occurring in healthy young women during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle an observational study
    Contraception, 2007
    Co-Authors: Franca Fruzzetti, Stefano Lello, Veronica Lazzarini, Stefania Fratta, M Orru, Roberto Sorge, Luigi Minerba, Cabiria Ricci, Andrea R Genazzani, Gian Benedetto Melis
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose This nonrandomized study aimed to evaluate body weight and composition during the menstrual cycle and during oral contraception with 30 μg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone (EE+DRSP). Design Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was carried out in 38 normally cycling women (mean age, 25.5 years) at baseline during the follicular phase (FP) and the luteal phase (LP) of the menstrual cycle and after three and six cycles of EE+DRSP to evaluate total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), fat mass and fat-free mass. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure and the plasma concentrations of electrolytes were also determined at each visit. Results TBW and ECW increased in the LP. During EE+DRSP, TBW and ECW were significantly lower than in the LP but similar to the values measured in the FP. No significant variations in ICW or in the other parameters were observed. Conclusion EE+DRSP maintains the same concentrations in TBW and ECW observed in the FP. This effect is likely due to the Antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP, which counteracts the water retention elicited by estrogen.

Andrea R Genazzani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of an oral contraceptive containing 30 microg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone on body composition of young women affected by premenstrual syndrome with symptoms of water retention
    Contraception, 2007
    Co-Authors: Franca Fruzzetti, Veronica Lazzarini, Cabiria Ricci, B Quirici, Marco Gambacciani, Anna Maria Paoletti, Andrea R Genazzani
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose This study was conducted to evaluate body weight and composition during oral contraception with 30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone (30EE+DRSP) in women affected by premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with somatic symptoms related to water retention. Design This prospective study was performed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in 18 normally cycling PMS patients (mean age, 28.8 years) evaluated at baseline, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and after 3 and 6 cycles of 30EE+DRSP. Total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), fat mass and fat-free mass were evaluated. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure were also determined at each visit. Basal values were compared with those measured in 31 healthy females without PMS (controls). Results PMS patients have higher levels of TBW and ICW than controls. After 6 months of 30EE+DRSP, TBW and ECW were significantly lower than before treatment. No significant variations in ICW or in the other parameters were observed. Conclusion In women with PMS, 30EE+DRSP reduces the concentrations in TBW and ECW. This effect is likely due to the Antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP. Whether these changes may account for the improvement of premenstrual fluid-related symptoms reported with this formulation is discussed.

  • the oral contraceptive containing 30 μg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone is able to antagonize the increase of extracellular water occurring in healthy young women during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle an observational study
    Contraception, 2007
    Co-Authors: Franca Fruzzetti, Stefano Lello, Veronica Lazzarini, Stefania Fratta, M Orru, Roberto Sorge, Luigi Minerba, Cabiria Ricci, Andrea R Genazzani, Gian Benedetto Melis
    Abstract:

    Abstract Purpose This nonrandomized study aimed to evaluate body weight and composition during the menstrual cycle and during oral contraception with 30 μg of ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg of drospirenone (EE+DRSP). Design Multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis was carried out in 38 normally cycling women (mean age, 25.5 years) at baseline during the follicular phase (FP) and the luteal phase (LP) of the menstrual cycle and after three and six cycles of EE+DRSP to evaluate total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), fat mass and fat-free mass. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure and the plasma concentrations of electrolytes were also determined at each visit. Results TBW and ECW increased in the LP. During EE+DRSP, TBW and ECW were significantly lower than in the LP but similar to the values measured in the FP. No significant variations in ICW or in the other parameters were observed. Conclusion EE+DRSP maintains the same concentrations in TBW and ECW observed in the FP. This effect is likely due to the Antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP, which counteracts the water retention elicited by estrogen.

  • Effect of an oral contraceptive containing 30 mu g ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone on body composition of young women affected by premenstrual syndrome with symptoms of water retention
    'Elsevier BV', 2007
    Co-Authors: Fruzzetti F, Ricci C, Quirici B, Gambacciani M, Paoletti, Anna Maria, Andrea R Genazzani
    Abstract:

    Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate body weight and composition during oral contraception with 30 μg ethinylestradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone (30EE+DRSP) in women affected by premenstrual syndrome (PMS) with somatic symptoms related to water retention. Design: This prospective study was performed using multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in 18 normally cyclingPMS patients (mean age, 28.8 years) evaluated at baseline, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and after 3 and 6 cycles of 30EE+DRSP. Total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), extracellular water (ECW), fat mass and fat-free mass were evaluated. Body weight, waist-to-hip ratio and blood pressure were also determined at each visit. Basal values were compared with those measured in 31 healthy females withoutPMS (controls). Results: PMS patients have higher levels of TBWand ICW than controls. After 6 months of 30EE+DRSP, TBWand ECW were significantly lower than before treatment. No significant variations in ICW or in the other parameters were observed. Conclusion: In women with PMS, 30EE+DRSP reduces the concentrations in TBW and ECW. This effect is likely due to the Antimineralocorticoid activity of DRSP. Whether these changes may account for the improvement of premenstrual fluid-related symptoms reported with this formulation is discussed