The Experts below are selected from a list of 1347 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Susanne Rath - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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abamectin in soils analytical methods kinetics sorption and dissipation
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Andreza Camilotti Dionisio, Susanne RathAbstract:Abstract Abamectin is a broad-spectrum Antiparasitic Agent that has been widely employed in veterinary medicine and has also been used as a pesticide in agriculture. Veterinary drugs may reach the soil and may be transported to surface and ground waters, posing risks to terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Sorption, transformation and transport processes are primarily responsible for the fate of these substances in the environment. In this study, the sorption and the aerobic dissipation of abamectin in Brazilian soils (sand, clay and sandy–clay) were evaluated. For sorption studies, batch equilibrium experiments were performed. Sorption and desorption isotherms were fitted to the Freundlich model. Abamectin showed a high affinity to soil particles, with Freundlich sorption and desorption coefficients ranging from 44 to 138 μg 1−1/n (cm 3 ) 1/n g −1 and from 89 to 236 μg 1−1/n (cm 3 ) 1/n g −1 , respectively. Dissipation of abamectin was evaluated in sterile and non-sterile soils in an aerobic and dark environment under controlled temperature and humidity. The time required for a 50% reduction of the amount of abamectin present in non-sterile soils was up to 4 days, and the time period for 90% dissipation was up to 12 days. In sterilized soils, there was no reduction in the concentration of abamectin over 37 days of exposure, suggesting that aerobic microbial degradation must have been the primary mechanism responsible for the dissipation of abamectin in soils.
Hidetoshi Eguchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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abstract 3962 antitumor effects of the Antiparasitic Agent ivermectin via inhibition of yes associated protein 1 expression in gastric cancer
Cancer Research, 2018Co-Authors: Shotaro Kuramitsu, Sho Nanbara, Yousuke Kuroda, Takaai Masuda, Shuhei Ito, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yoshihiko Mehara, Koshi MimoriAbstract:[Background] Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) acts as an oncogene through dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and nuclear accumulation of YAP1 is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). We previously identified ivermectin, an Antiparasitic drug, as a YAP1 inhibitor. Here, we aimed to clarify whether ivermectin had antitumor effects on GC through inhibition of YAP1. [Result] First, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of ivermectin on human GC cells using in vitro proliferation assays and a xenograft mouse model. YAP1-knockdown assays were performed to assess whether the sensitivity to ivermectin depended on YAP1 expression. Next, we explored the mechanism through which ivermectin regulated YAP1 expression or localization by immunoblotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for YAP1 and the downstream gene CTGF. Finally, the clinical significance of YAP1 expression was examined using three independent GC datasets. We found that MKN1 GC cells were most sensitive to ivermectin, whereas MKN7 cells were most resistant. In MKN1 xenografts, ivermectin suppressed tumor growth, and the sensitivity of MKN1 cells to ivermectin was decreased by YAP1 knockdown. Ivermectin inhibited YAP1 nuclear expression and CTGF expression in MKN1 cells but not MKN7 cells. Moreover, ivermectin decreased YAP1 mRNA expression, thereby inhibiting nuclear accumulation of YAP1 in MKN1 cells. In survival analysis, low YAP1 mRNA expression was associated with a better prognosis in three independent GC datasets. [Conclusion] Ivermectin suppressed the growth of GC in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting YAP1 expression. Furthermore, GC with low YAP1 expression had favorable clinicopathological features and good prognosis. These findings provided insights into the antiproliferative effects of ivermectin as a YAP1 inhibitor and established a theoretical basis for preclinical evaluations of ivermectin for management of GC. Citation Format: Shotaro Kuramitsu, Sho Nanbara, Qingjiang Hu, Yousuke Kuroda, Takaai Masuda, Shuhei Ito, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yoshihiko Mehara, Koshi Mimori. Antitumor effects of the Antiparasitic Agent ivermectin via inhibition of yes-associated protein 1 expression in gastric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3962.
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antitumor effects of the Antiparasitic Agent ivermectin via inhibition of yes associated protein 1 expression in gastric cancer
Oncotarget, 2017Co-Authors: Sho Nambara, Shotaro Kuramitsu, Yousuke Kuroda, Shuhei Ito, Takaaki Masuda, Miki Nishio, Taro Tobo, Yushi Ogawa, Tomohiro Iguchi, Hidetoshi EguchiAbstract:Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) acts as an oncogene through dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation, and nuclear accumulation of YAP1 is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). We previously identified ivermectin, an Antiparasitic drug, as a YAP1 inhibitor. Here, we aimed to clarify whether ivermectin had antitumor effects on GC through inhibition of YAP1. First, we evaluated the antiproliferative effects of ivermectin on human GC cells using in vitro proliferation assays and a xenograft mouse model. YAP1-knockdown assays were performed to assess whether the sensitivity to ivermectin depended on YAP1 expression. Next, we explored the mechanism through which ivermectin regulated YAP1 expression or localization by immunoblotting and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction for YAP1 and the downstream gene CTGF. Finally, the clinical significance of YAP1 expression was examined using three independent GC datasets. We found that MKN1 GC cells were most sensitive to ivermectin, whereas MKN7 cells were most resistant. In MKN1 xenografts, ivermectin suppressed tumor growth, and the sensitivity of MKN1 cells to ivermectin was decreased by YAP1 knockdown. Ivermectin inhibited YAP1 nuclear expression and CTGF expression in MKN1 cells but not MKN7 cells. Moreover, ivermectin decreased YAP1 mRNA expression, thereby inhibiting nuclear accumulation of YAP1 in MKN1 cells. In survival analysis, low YAP1 mRNA expression was associated with a better prognosis in three independent GC datasets. In conclusion, we identified ivermectin as a potential antitumor Agent and found a promising novel therapeutic strategy for inhibition of GC progression by blocking YAP1 expression.
Mika Turkia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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flccc alliance math ascorbic acid and i mask ivermectin protocols for covid 19 a brief review
Social Science Research Network, 2020Co-Authors: Mika TurkiaAbstract:An alliance of established experts on critical care, Front Line Covid-19 Critical Care Alliance (FLCCC), has published two protocols for treatment of COVID-19. The first one, MATH+, is intended for hospital and intensive care unit treament of pulmonary phases of the disease. It is based on affordable, commonly available components: anti-inflammatory corticosteroids (methylprednisolone, "M"), high-dose vitamin C infusion (ascorbic acid, "A"), vitamin B1 (thiamine, "T"), anticoagulant heparin ("H"), Antiparasitic Agent ivermectin, and supplemental components ("+") including melatonin, vitamin D, elemental zinc and magnesium. The MATH+ protocol has received scarce attention due to the World Health Organization advising against the use of corticosteroids in the beginning of the pandemic. In addition, randomized controlled clinical trials were required as a condition for adoption of the protocol. As the hospital mortality rate of MATH+ treated patients was less than a quarter of the rate of patients receiving a standard of care, the authors of the protocol considered performing such trials unethical. Later, other parties have performed clinical trials with e.g. corticosteroids and anticoagulants which has led to their more widespread adoption. Other essential components of the protocol remain unadopted. In October 2020, ivermectin was upgraded from an optional component to an essential component of the protocol. According to the authors, ivermectin is considered the first Agent effective for both prophylaxis (prevention) of COVID-19 and for treatment of all phases of COVID-19 including outpatient treatment of the early symptomatic phase. Therefore, at the end of October 2020, a separate ivermectin-based I-MASK+ protocol for prophylaxis and early outpatient treatment of COVID-19 was published.
Andreza Camilotti Dionisio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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abamectin in soils analytical methods kinetics sorption and dissipation
Chemosphere, 2016Co-Authors: Andreza Camilotti Dionisio, Susanne RathAbstract:Abstract Abamectin is a broad-spectrum Antiparasitic Agent that has been widely employed in veterinary medicine and has also been used as a pesticide in agriculture. Veterinary drugs may reach the soil and may be transported to surface and ground waters, posing risks to terrestrial and aquatic organisms. Sorption, transformation and transport processes are primarily responsible for the fate of these substances in the environment. In this study, the sorption and the aerobic dissipation of abamectin in Brazilian soils (sand, clay and sandy–clay) were evaluated. For sorption studies, batch equilibrium experiments were performed. Sorption and desorption isotherms were fitted to the Freundlich model. Abamectin showed a high affinity to soil particles, with Freundlich sorption and desorption coefficients ranging from 44 to 138 μg 1−1/n (cm 3 ) 1/n g −1 and from 89 to 236 μg 1−1/n (cm 3 ) 1/n g −1 , respectively. Dissipation of abamectin was evaluated in sterile and non-sterile soils in an aerobic and dark environment under controlled temperature and humidity. The time required for a 50% reduction of the amount of abamectin present in non-sterile soils was up to 4 days, and the time period for 90% dissipation was up to 12 days. In sterilized soils, there was no reduction in the concentration of abamectin over 37 days of exposure, suggesting that aerobic microbial degradation must have been the primary mechanism responsible for the dissipation of abamectin in soils.
Eckart D. Gundelfinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Toxoplasma infection is associated with distinct alterations in the synaptic protein composition
Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel Lang, Björn H. Schott, Lorena Morton, Leonora Kulikovskaja, Rodrigo Herrera-molina, Rainer Pielot, Frank Klawonn, Dirk Montag, Lothar Jänsch, Eckart D. GundelfingerAbstract:Background Chronic infection with the neurotropic parasite Toxoplasma gondii has been implicated in the risk for several neuropsychiatric disorders. The mechanisms, by which the parasite may alter neural function and behavior of the host, are not yet understood completely. Methods Here, a novel proteomic approach using mass spectrometry was employed to investigate the alterations in synaptic protein composition in a murine model of chronic toxoplasmosis. In a candidate-based strategy, immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry were applied to investigate the expression levels of key synaptic proteins in glutamatergic signaling. Results A comparison of the synaptosomal protein composition revealed distinct changes upon infection, with multiple proteins such as EAAT2, Shank3, AMPA receptor, and NMDA receptor subunits being downregulated, whereas inflammation-related proteins showed an upregulation. Treatment with the Antiparasitic Agent sulfadiazine strongly reduced tachyzoite levels and diminished neuroinflammatory mediators. However, in both conditions, a significant number of latent cysts persisted in the brain. Conversely, infection-related alterations of key synaptic protein levels could be partly reversed by the treatment. Conclusion These results provide evidence for profound changes especially in synaptic protein composition in T. gondii -infected mice with a downregulation of pivotal components of glutamatergic neurotransmission. Our results suggest that the detected synaptic alterations are a consequence of the distinct neuroinflammatory milieu caused by the neurotropic parasite.