The Experts below are selected from a list of 98400 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
James Tait Goodrich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
How to get in and out of the skull: from tumi to "hammer and chisel" to the Gigli saw and the osteoplastic flap
Neurosurgical Focus, 2014Co-Authors: James Tait GoodrichAbstract:Making “holes in the skull” is an ancient art and by some is considered the second oldest profession in the world—the first being prostitution. Early surgeons, and later on neurosurgeons, devised a number of ingenious ways to make a hole in the skull or elevate a depressed skull fracture. Trephined skulls from Antiquity have now been found in most parts of world, showing that the art of trephining is not only ancient but clearly widespread. Beginning with Antiquity the author traces the development of this surgical skill by reviewing the various tools used and surgical designs to perform what is now called a craniotomy.
Iouri Bermond - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Evidence of paleogeographic constraints on woodlands on the shores of a coastal lagoon during Antiquity: charcoal analysis of the Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou (Loupian, Hérault)
2012Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:During Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the vegetation of the alluvial plain developing on the shores of the Thau lagoon were exploited as a source of wood fuel, as shown by charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou. Taking into account the local ecology and the vegetation transformations during the second part of the Holocene, charcoal data exemplify the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.
-
Woodland transformation under paleogeographic constraints and fuelwood use on a coastal lagoon during the Antiquity, according to charcoal analysis (The Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou, Loupian, Hérault)
2011Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:During Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the vegetation of the alluvial plain developing on the shores of the Thau lagoon were exploited as a source of wood fuel, as shown by charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou. Taking into account the local ecology and the vegetation transformations during the second part of the Holocene, charcoal data exemplify the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.
-
Woodland transformation under palaeogeographic constraints and fuelwood use on a coastal lagoon during the Antiquity, according to charcoal analysis (The Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou, Loupian, Hérault)
2011Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:Charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou reveal that, during Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the alluvial plain vegetation were both exploited for fuelwood. Based on local ecology, these results illustrate the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.
Lawrence E Murr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Examples of Materials Science and Engineering in Antiquity
Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 2021Co-Authors: Lawrence E MurrAbstract:In this chapter we present a few examples of materials science and engineering and nanomaterials and nanotechnology represented in Antiquity. These examples may seem to represent contemporary materials science and engineering concepts but also point up that they are historically pervasive. While ancient metallurgists and materials-related artisans and technologists may not have purposefully devised or designed a materials system, millennia of anecdotal evidence or observations provide compelling support. The examples begin with prospects for concrete casting of some core blocks in the pyramids rather than transporting them from quarries. Asbestos in Antiquity illustrates possibly the most multifunctional material ever developed. Carbon nanotubes and related carbonaceous materials are also observed in Antiquity along with applications of carbon block and soot derivatives in inks. Nanofibers also play a role in Mayan blue paintings, and colloidal silver and copper are shown to exhibit antibacterial and antifungal action over several millennia linking to contemporary applications involving silver nanoparticles in fiber weaves for socks as a simple example.
-
Serendipitous Nanotechnology in Antiquity
Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 2021Co-Authors: Lawrence E MurrAbstract:Like Mayan blue, involving indigo dye trapped in palygorskite nanofibers (chapter “Examples of Materials Science and Engineering in Antiquity”), Egyptian blue and Chinese (or Han) blue and purple represent nano-pigments with rich roles in Egyptian and Chinese Antiquity. Kaolin nanosilicate sheets also contributed to Chinese porcelain in Antiquity. While these examples represent nano-particulate materials, the role of carbon and carbide nanoparticles in bulk iron matrices and related accidental nanotechnology in Antiquity, manifested in the development of Damascus and related patterned swords and daggers, represents the application of the materials science and engineering paradigm in Antiquity: structure–properties–processing–performance interactions and relationships. These issues are presented in this chapter which, along with other developments in the many parts of this handbook, attest to the evolution of nanomaterials and nanotechnologies over many millennia.
-
A Brief History of Metals
Handbook of Materials Structures, Properties, Processing and Performance, 2021Co-Authors: Lawrence E MurrAbstract:This initial chapter briefly reviews the principal ages of materials and metals: the Stone Age, the Copper Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age, spanning some ten millennia. Incidental to these major materials ages, gold and silver are noted as these were initially utilized in native forms, along with copper and iron, which has been identified throughout Antiquity in meteoric forms along with nickel. There were ideally eight metals employed in civilizations in Antiquity: copper, gold, silver, iron, tin (which when alloyed with copper heralded the Bronze Age), zinc, lead, and mercury.
Robert W. Sharples - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Philosophy and the Sciences in Antiquity
2019Co-Authors: Robert W. SharplesAbstract:Preface Introduction: Philosophy and the sciences in Antiquity, R.W. Sharples Remarks on the differentiation of Early Greek philosophy, Andre Laks Aristotle on kind-crossing, R.J. Hankinson The place of zoology in Aristotle's natural philosophy, James G. Lennox Between the Hippocratics and the Alexandrians: medicine, philosophy and science in the fourth century BCE, Philip J. van der Eijk Mathematics as a model of method in Galen, G.E.R. Lloyd The music of philosophy in Late Antiquity, Dominic J. O'Meara Music therapy in Neoplatonism, Anne Sheppard Index of works and passages cited from ancient authors General index.
Lucie Chabal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Evidence of paleogeographic constraints on woodlands on the shores of a coastal lagoon during Antiquity: charcoal analysis of the Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou (Loupian, Hérault)
2012Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:During Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the vegetation of the alluvial plain developing on the shores of the Thau lagoon were exploited as a source of wood fuel, as shown by charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou. Taking into account the local ecology and the vegetation transformations during the second part of the Holocene, charcoal data exemplify the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.
-
Woodland transformation under paleogeographic constraints and fuelwood use on a coastal lagoon during the Antiquity, according to charcoal analysis (The Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou, Loupian, Hérault)
2011Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:During Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the vegetation of the alluvial plain developing on the shores of the Thau lagoon were exploited as a source of wood fuel, as shown by charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou. Taking into account the local ecology and the vegetation transformations during the second part of the Holocene, charcoal data exemplify the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.
-
Woodland transformation under palaeogeographic constraints and fuelwood use on a coastal lagoon during the Antiquity, according to charcoal analysis (The Prés-Bas villa and Le Bourbou, Loupian, Hérault)
2011Co-Authors: Lucie Chabal, Isabel Figueiral, Christophe Pellecuer, Iouri BermondAbstract:Charcoal remains from the villa of Prés-Bas and the pottery workshop of Le Bourbou reveal that, during Antiquity, the mixed oak woodland and the alluvial plain vegetation were both exploited for fuelwood. Based on local ecology, these results illustrate the long term opposition between the forests of the northern and the southern shores of this lagoon, and their exploitation during Antiquity.