The Experts below are selected from a list of 24 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John Chalmers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic preGanglionic neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit.
Brain research, 1992Co-Authors: Iwona Jensen, Paul M. Pilowsky, Ida J. Llewellyn-smith, Jane B Minson, John ChalmersAbstract:Abstract The distribution of sympathetic preGanglionic neurons (SPN) projecting to the adrenal medulla and the Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit was studied using a dual retrograde transport technique. The B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) was injected into the left adrenal medulla and wheatgerm agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-7 nm gold (WGA-apo-HRP-gold) was injected into the left Aorticorenal Ganglion. Retrogradely transported CTB was detected by immunohistochemistry, while gold particels were detected by silver intensification. SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla were observed in segments T 2 -L 2 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the majority of cells within segments T 6 -T 11 (79%). SPN projecting to the Aorticorenal Ganglion were seen in segments T 2 -L 1 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the greatest number of the cells within T 6 -T 11 (81%). Only a small number of doubly labelled cells (1%) were found in two rabbits. The results suggest that despite their similar segmental distribution SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla or the Aorticorenal Ganglion belong to separate populations and few, if any, individual SPN have axonal projections to both locations.
Nihal Apaydin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the subdiaphragmatic part of the phrenic nerve morphometry and connections to autonomic ganglia
Clinical Anatomy, 2016Co-Authors: Marios Loukas, Maira Du Plessis, Robert G Louis, Shane R Tubbs, Christopher T Wartmann, Nihal ApaydinAbstract:Few anatomical textbooks offer much information concerning the anatomy and distribution of the phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm. The aim of this study was to identify the subdiaphragmatic distribution of the phrenic nerve, the presence of phrenic ganglia, and possible connections to the celiac plexus. One hundred and thirty formalin-fixed adult cadavers were studied. The right phrenic nerve was found inferior to the diaphragm in 98% with 49.1% displaying a right phrenic Ganglion. In 22.8% there was an additional smaller Ganglion (right accessory phrenic Ganglion). The remaining 50.9% had no grossly identifiable right phrenic Ganglion. Most (65.5% of specimens) exhibited plexiform communications with the celiac Ganglion, Aorticorenal Ganglion, and suprarenal gland. The left phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm was observed in 60% of specimens with 19% containing a left phrenic Ganglion. No accessory left phrenic ganglia were observed. The left phrenic Ganglion exhibited plexiform communications to several ganglia in 71.4% of specimens. Histologically, the right phrenic and left phrenic ganglia contained large soma concentrated in their peripheries. Both phrenic nerves and ganglia were closely related to the diaphragmatic crura. Surgically, sutures to approximate the crura for repair of hiatal hernias must be placed above the ganglia in order to avoid iatrogenic injuries to the autonomic supply to the diaphragm and abdomen. These findings could also provide a better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of the fibers of that autonomic supply.
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The subdiaphragmatic part of the phrenic nerve – morphometry and connections to autonomic ganglia
Clinical anatomy (New York N.Y.), 2015Co-Authors: Marios Loukas, Maira Du Plessis, Robert G Louis, Christopher T Wartmann, R. Shane Tubbs, Nihal ApaydinAbstract:Few anatomical textbooks offer much information concerning the anatomy and distribution of the phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm. The aim of this study was to identify the subdiaphragmatic distribution of the phrenic nerve, the presence of phrenic ganglia, and possible connections to the celiac plexus. One hundred and thirty formalin-fixed adult cadavers were studied. The right phrenic nerve was found inferior to the diaphragm in 98% with 49.1% displaying a right phrenic Ganglion. In 22.8% there was an additional smaller Ganglion (right accessory phrenic Ganglion). The remaining 50.9% had no grossly identifiable right phrenic Ganglion. Most (65.5% of specimens) exhibited plexiform communications with the celiac Ganglion, Aorticorenal Ganglion, and suprarenal gland. The left phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm was observed in 60% of specimens with 19% containing a left phrenic Ganglion. No accessory left phrenic ganglia were observed. The left phrenic Ganglion exhibited plexiform communications to several ganglia in 71.4% of specimens. Histologically, the right phrenic and left phrenic ganglia contained large soma concentrated in their peripheries. Both phrenic nerves and ganglia were closely related to the diaphragmatic crura. Surgically, sutures to approximate the crura for repair of hiatal hernias must be placed above the ganglia in order to avoid iatrogenic injuries to the autonomic supply to the diaphragm and abdomen. These findings could also provide a better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of the fibers of that autonomic supply.
Iwona Jensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic preGanglionic neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit.
Brain research, 1992Co-Authors: Iwona Jensen, Paul M. Pilowsky, Ida J. Llewellyn-smith, Jane B Minson, John ChalmersAbstract:Abstract The distribution of sympathetic preGanglionic neurons (SPN) projecting to the adrenal medulla and the Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit was studied using a dual retrograde transport technique. The B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) was injected into the left adrenal medulla and wheatgerm agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-7 nm gold (WGA-apo-HRP-gold) was injected into the left Aorticorenal Ganglion. Retrogradely transported CTB was detected by immunohistochemistry, while gold particels were detected by silver intensification. SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla were observed in segments T 2 -L 2 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the majority of cells within segments T 6 -T 11 (79%). SPN projecting to the Aorticorenal Ganglion were seen in segments T 2 -L 1 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the greatest number of the cells within T 6 -T 11 (81%). Only a small number of doubly labelled cells (1%) were found in two rabbits. The results suggest that despite their similar segmental distribution SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla or the Aorticorenal Ganglion belong to separate populations and few, if any, individual SPN have axonal projections to both locations.
Marios Loukas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the subdiaphragmatic part of the phrenic nerve morphometry and connections to autonomic ganglia
Clinical Anatomy, 2016Co-Authors: Marios Loukas, Maira Du Plessis, Robert G Louis, Shane R Tubbs, Christopher T Wartmann, Nihal ApaydinAbstract:Few anatomical textbooks offer much information concerning the anatomy and distribution of the phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm. The aim of this study was to identify the subdiaphragmatic distribution of the phrenic nerve, the presence of phrenic ganglia, and possible connections to the celiac plexus. One hundred and thirty formalin-fixed adult cadavers were studied. The right phrenic nerve was found inferior to the diaphragm in 98% with 49.1% displaying a right phrenic Ganglion. In 22.8% there was an additional smaller Ganglion (right accessory phrenic Ganglion). The remaining 50.9% had no grossly identifiable right phrenic Ganglion. Most (65.5% of specimens) exhibited plexiform communications with the celiac Ganglion, Aorticorenal Ganglion, and suprarenal gland. The left phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm was observed in 60% of specimens with 19% containing a left phrenic Ganglion. No accessory left phrenic ganglia were observed. The left phrenic Ganglion exhibited plexiform communications to several ganglia in 71.4% of specimens. Histologically, the right phrenic and left phrenic ganglia contained large soma concentrated in their peripheries. Both phrenic nerves and ganglia were closely related to the diaphragmatic crura. Surgically, sutures to approximate the crura for repair of hiatal hernias must be placed above the ganglia in order to avoid iatrogenic injuries to the autonomic supply to the diaphragm and abdomen. These findings could also provide a better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of the fibers of that autonomic supply.
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The subdiaphragmatic part of the phrenic nerve – morphometry and connections to autonomic ganglia
Clinical anatomy (New York N.Y.), 2015Co-Authors: Marios Loukas, Maira Du Plessis, Robert G Louis, Christopher T Wartmann, R. Shane Tubbs, Nihal ApaydinAbstract:Few anatomical textbooks offer much information concerning the anatomy and distribution of the phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm. The aim of this study was to identify the subdiaphragmatic distribution of the phrenic nerve, the presence of phrenic ganglia, and possible connections to the celiac plexus. One hundred and thirty formalin-fixed adult cadavers were studied. The right phrenic nerve was found inferior to the diaphragm in 98% with 49.1% displaying a right phrenic Ganglion. In 22.8% there was an additional smaller Ganglion (right accessory phrenic Ganglion). The remaining 50.9% had no grossly identifiable right phrenic Ganglion. Most (65.5% of specimens) exhibited plexiform communications with the celiac Ganglion, Aorticorenal Ganglion, and suprarenal gland. The left phrenic nerve inferior to the diaphragm was observed in 60% of specimens with 19% containing a left phrenic Ganglion. No accessory left phrenic ganglia were observed. The left phrenic Ganglion exhibited plexiform communications to several ganglia in 71.4% of specimens. Histologically, the right phrenic and left phrenic ganglia contained large soma concentrated in their peripheries. Both phrenic nerves and ganglia were closely related to the diaphragmatic crura. Surgically, sutures to approximate the crura for repair of hiatal hernias must be placed above the ganglia in order to avoid iatrogenic injuries to the autonomic supply to the diaphragm and abdomen. These findings could also provide a better understanding of the anatomy and distribution of the fibers of that autonomic supply.
Paul M. Pilowsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sympathetic preGanglionic neurons projecting to the adrenal medulla and Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit.
Brain research, 1992Co-Authors: Iwona Jensen, Paul M. Pilowsky, Ida J. Llewellyn-smith, Jane B Minson, John ChalmersAbstract:Abstract The distribution of sympathetic preGanglionic neurons (SPN) projecting to the adrenal medulla and the Aorticorenal Ganglion in the rabbit was studied using a dual retrograde transport technique. The B subunit of cholera toxin (CTB) was injected into the left adrenal medulla and wheatgerm agglutinin-apo-horseradish peroxidase-7 nm gold (WGA-apo-HRP-gold) was injected into the left Aorticorenal Ganglion. Retrogradely transported CTB was detected by immunohistochemistry, while gold particels were detected by silver intensification. SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla were observed in segments T 2 -L 2 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the majority of cells within segments T 6 -T 11 (79%). SPN projecting to the Aorticorenal Ganglion were seen in segments T 2 -L 1 of the spinal cord in 5 rabbits, with the greatest number of the cells within T 6 -T 11 (81%). Only a small number of doubly labelled cells (1%) were found in two rabbits. The results suggest that despite their similar segmental distribution SPN projecting to the adrenal medulla or the Aorticorenal Ganglion belong to separate populations and few, if any, individual SPN have axonal projections to both locations.