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Jing Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with myzus persicae sulzer hemiptera Aphididae aphidinae revealed by 16s rrna illumina sequencing
Microbial Ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Liyun Jiang, Gexia Qiao, Jing ChenAbstract:Aphids are known to be associated with a variety of symbiotic bacteria. To improve our knowledge of the bacterial diversity of polyphagous aphids, in the present study, we investigated the microbiota of the cosmopolitan agricultural pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Ninety-two aphid samples collected from different host plants in various regions of China were examined using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. We comprehensively characterized the symbiont diversity of M. persicae and assessed the variations in aphid-associated symbiont communities. We detected a higher diversity of symbionts than has been previously observed. M. persicae hosted the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola and seven secondary symbionts, among which Wolbachia was the most prevalent and Rickettsia, Arsenophonus, and Spiroplasma were reported for the first time. Ordination analyses and statistical tests revealed that the symbiont flora associated with M. persicae did not change with respect to host plant or geography, which may be due to frequent migrations between different aphid populations. These findings will advance our knowledge of the microbiota of polyphagous insects and will enrich our understanding of assembly of host-microbiome systems.
Ole E Heie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a test of morphological hypotheses for tribal and subtribal relationships of aphidinae insecta hemiptera Aphididae using dna sequences
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2006Co-Authors: Carol D Von Dohlen, Carol A Rowe, Ole E HeieAbstract:Abstract Aphidinae is the most diverse major lineage of aphids (Aphididae). Aphidinae currently dominate the temperate, northern-hemisphere fauna, but only since the late Tertiary, and few species are native to the southern hemisphere. The success of Aphidinae may be linked to the evolution of an unusual life cycle, host alternation. The classification and phylogeny of Aphidinae have been controversial; schemes based on morphology have been confounded by widespread homoplasy. Here we present the first phylogenetic study of higher-level Aphidinae relationships based on molecular data (elongation factor-1α, leucine tRNA, and cytochrome oxidase II sequences). Analyses supported the monophyly of Aphidini and its subtribes, Aphidina and Ropalosiphina, but revealed novel relationships concerning Pterocommatini and Macrosiphini, with the former nested within the latter tribe as the sister to Cavariella. Several relationships within Pterocommatini + Macrosiphini corresponded better with host–plant affiliations than with aphid classification. Overall, relationships found here challenge several traditional views of Aphidinae evolution: they suggest more than one origin of host alternation in the family, and they question the assumption that Aphidinae originated in the northern hemisphere.
Gexia Qiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with myzus persicae sulzer hemiptera Aphididae aphidinae revealed by 16s rrna illumina sequencing
Microbial Ecology, 2020Co-Authors: Liyun Jiang, Gexia Qiao, Jing ChenAbstract:Aphids are known to be associated with a variety of symbiotic bacteria. To improve our knowledge of the bacterial diversity of polyphagous aphids, in the present study, we investigated the microbiota of the cosmopolitan agricultural pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Ninety-two aphid samples collected from different host plants in various regions of China were examined using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. We comprehensively characterized the symbiont diversity of M. persicae and assessed the variations in aphid-associated symbiont communities. We detected a higher diversity of symbionts than has been previously observed. M. persicae hosted the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola and seven secondary symbionts, among which Wolbachia was the most prevalent and Rickettsia, Arsenophonus, and Spiroplasma were reported for the first time. Ordination analyses and statistical tests revealed that the symbiont flora associated with M. persicae did not change with respect to host plant or geography, which may be due to frequent migrations between different aphid populations. These findings will advance our knowledge of the microbiota of polyphagous insects and will enrich our understanding of assembly of host-microbiome systems.
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comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes of five aphid species hemiptera Aphididae and phylogenetic implications
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Yuan Wang, Xiaolei Huang, Gexia QiaoAbstract:Insect mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) are of great interest in exploring molecular evolution, phylogenetics and population genetics. Only two mitogenomes have been previously released in the insect group Aphididae, which consists of about 5,000 known species including some agricultural, forestry and horticultural pests. Here we report the complete 16,317 bp mitogenome of Cavariella salicicola and two nearly complete mitogenomes of Aphis glycines and Pterocomma pilosum. We also present a first comparative analysis of mitochondrial genomes of aphids. Results showed that aphid mitogenomes share conserved genomic organization, nucleotide and amino acid composition, and codon usage features. All 37 genes usually present in animal mitogenomes were sequenced and annotated. The analysis of gene evolutionary rate revealed the lowest and highest rates for COI and ATP8, respectively. A unique repeat region exclusively in aphid mitogenomes, which included variable numbers of tandem repeats in a lineage-specific manner, was highlighted for the first time. This region may have a function as another origin of replication. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on protein-coding genes and the stem-loop structures of control regions confirmed a sister relationship between Cavariella and pterocommatines. Current evidence suggest that pterocommatines could be formally transferred into Macrosiphini. Our paper also offers methodological instructions for obtaining other Aphididae mitochondrial genomes.
Manfred Mackauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Variation in selected life-history parameters of the parasitoid wasp,Aphidius ervi: Influence of host developmental stage
Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 1994Co-Authors: Reynold Sequeira, Manfred MackauerAbstract:We determined the age-specific fecundity and survival of the solitary parasstoid wasp, Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), under constant laboratory conditions. Wasps were reared in each of the four nymphal instars of apterous pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae): L_1 (age 24h), L_2 (48 h), L_3 (72 h), and L_4 (120 h). Age-specific survival (l_x) and fecundity (m_x) differed between parasitoids developing in different aphid instars. The wasps’ life-time reproductive success, as indexed by the intrinsic rate of population increase (r_m), varied non-linearly with adult biomass and host size at parasitization. A close agreement between larval growth rates in different host instars and adult reproductive performance suggests that, in A. ervi , fitness correlates may be significantly influenced by larval ontogeny and trade-offs in resource allocation.
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seasonal variation in body size and offspring sex ratio in field populations of the parasitoid wasp aphidius ervi hymenoptera aphidiidae
Oikos, 1993Co-Authors: Reynold Sequeira, Manfred MackauerAbstract:We evaluated seasonal variations in body mass and sex ratio in field populations of Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae), a solitary parasitoid of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Parasitoid dry mass was sexually dimorphic, with females being larger than males. Sexual size dimorphism was independent of host instar at parasitization. Parasitoid mass varied seasonally, being highest early and late in the season. The population sex ratio was female-biased, with a seasonal mean of 65.7% females (95% confidence interval, 63.8%-67.6%). As predicted by evolutionary host-size models, a greater proportion of female wasps emerged from large than small hosts early (but not late) in the season
Hugh Wallwork - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of annual grasses in the phenology of Rhopalosiphum padi in the low rainfall belt of South Australia
Annals of Applied Biology, 1992Co-Authors: Paul J. De. Barro, Hugh WallworkAbstract:Summary Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was the first species of cereal aphids to colonise annual grasses across the state each year. Numbers were higher in the Lower Murray Valley than in the Mount Lofty Ranges or Adelaide Plains. At all locations, numbers generally increased until grasses reached the boot stage after which they declined. Alatoid production commenced in late July in response to crowding, but thereafter plant age and photoperiod were more important determinants. Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hem-pitera: Aphididae) and Sitobion nr fragariae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) first appeared in annual grasses in late July.
