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Iris Vessey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding the role of is and Application Domain knowledge on conceptual schema problem solving a verbal protocol study
Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2016Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:One of the most neglected areas of information systems research is the role of the Domain to which researchers apply IS methods, tools, and techniques; that is, the Application Domain. For example, little prior information systems (IS) or related research has examined how IS and Application Domain knowledge (ISDK and ADK, respectively) influence how individuals solve conceptual schema problem-solving tasks. In this research, we investigate the effects of both ISDK and ADK on two types of conceptual schema problem-solving tasks: schema based and inferential. We used verbal protocol analysis to explore the roles that ISDK and ADK play in the problem-solving processes participants use when addressing these tasks. We found that, for the two types of conceptual schema problem-solving tasks, ADK and ISDK have similar effects on problem-solving processes. That is, we found that, for schema-based problem-solving tasks, participants used focused (depth-first) processes when the Application Domain was familiar as did participants with greater IS Domain knowledge. We also found that, for inferential problem-solving tasks, participants used exploratory (breadth-first) processes when the Application Domain was familiar as did participants with greater IS Domain knowledge. We then show how cognitive psychology literature on problem solving can help explain the effects of ISDK and ADK and, thus, provide the theoretical foundation for analyzing the roles of each type of knowledge in the process of IS problem solving.
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information use in solving a well structured is problem the roles of is and Application Domain knowledge
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 2010Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:While the Application Domain is acknowledged to play a significant role in IS problem solving, little attention has been devoted to formal analyses of what role it plays, why and how it makes a difference, and in what circumstances. The theory of dual-task problem solving, which formalizes and generalizes the role of both the IS and Application Domains in IS problem solving, responds to these issues. The theory, which is based on the theory of cognitive fit, can be used to identify supportive, neutral, and conflicting interactions between the two types of knowledge, depending on problem structure. We used this theory to determine how IS and Application Domain knowledge support the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks. Although such tasks are well-structured and therefore can be solved using IS Domain knowledge alone, they are not fully structured. They require knowledge transformation, which is aided by Application Domain knowledge. Further, in well-structured tasks, IS and Application Domain knowledge play independent roles, with no interaction between the two. Analysis of verbal protocol data from the perspective of information use showed that problem solution is aided by both better IS knowledge and better Application knowledge.
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information search process for a well structured is problem the role of is and Application Domain knowledge processus de recherche d information pour un probleme de systeme d information bien structure le role de la connaissance du si et du Domaine d Application
International Conference on Information Systems, 2008Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:Prior research has shown that the effect of information systems (IS) Domain knowledge and Application Domain knowledge on problem solving is contingent on task type (Khatri et al. 2006). We build on this study by engaging in an in-depth analysis of how both these types of knowledge influence one type of task referred to as “schema-based problem solving” task. Our theoretical analysis is based on the fact that conceptual schema understanding is a well-structured problem area and that, in such a setting, participants engage in depth-first rather than the breadth-first search that is evident in the more-frequently studied ill-structured problem areas. We used protocol analysis to explore the search process in the context of varying levels of both IS and Application Domain knowledge. We found that knowledge of the IS and Application Domains result in similar effects on the search process: both high IS knowledge and familiarity with the Application Domain result in deeper (more focused) search.
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information search process for a well structured is problem the role of is and Application Domain knowledge
International Conference on Information Systems, 2008Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:Prior research has shown that the effect of information systems (IS) Domain knowledge and Application Domain knowledge on problem solving is contingent on task type (Khatri et al. 2006). We build on this study by engaging in an in-depth analysis of how both these types of knowledge influence one type of task referred to as “schema-based problem solving” task. Our theoretical analysis is based on the fact that conceptual schema understanding is a well-structured problem area and that, in such a setting, participants engage in depth-first rather than the breadth-first search that is evident in the more-frequently studied ill-structured problem areas. We used protocol analysis to explore the search process in the context of varying levels of both IS and Application Domain knowledge. We found that knowledge of the IS and Application Domains result in similar effects on the search process: both high IS knowledge and familiarity with the Application Domain result in deeper (more focused) search.
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understanding conceptual schemas exploring the role of Application and is Domain knowledge
Information Systems Research, 2006Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris Vessey, V Ramesh, Paul F Clay, Sungjin ParkAbstract:Although information systems (IS) problem solving involves knowledge of both the IS and Application Domains, little attention has been paid to the role of Application Domain knowledge. In this study, which is set in the context of conceptual modeling, we examine the effects of both IS and Application Domain knowledge on different types of schema understanding tasks: syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks and schema-based problem-solving tasks. Our thesis was that while IS Domain knowledge is important in solving all such tasks, the role of Application Domain knowledge is contingent upon the type of understanding task under investigation. We use the theory of cognitive fit to establish theoretical differences in the role of Application Domain knowledge among the different types of schema understanding tasks. We hypothesize that Application Domain knowledge does not influence the solution of syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks for which cognitive fit exists, but does influence the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks for which cognitive fit does not exist. To assess performance on different types of conceptual schema understanding tasks, we conducted a laboratory experiment in which participants with high- and low-IS Domain knowledge responded to two equivalent conceptual schemas that represented high and low levels of Application knowledge (familiar and unfamiliar Application Domains). As expected, we found that IS Domain knowledge is important in the solution of all types of conceptual schema understanding tasks in both familiar and unfamiliar Applications Domains, and that the effect of Application Domain knowledge is contingent on task type. Our findings for the EER model were similar to those for the ER model. Given the differential effects of Application Domain knowledge on different types of tasks, this study highlights the importance of considering more than one Application Domain in designing future studies on conceptual modeling.
Vijay Khatri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding the role of is and Application Domain knowledge on conceptual schema problem solving a verbal protocol study
Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 2016Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:One of the most neglected areas of information systems research is the role of the Domain to which researchers apply IS methods, tools, and techniques; that is, the Application Domain. For example, little prior information systems (IS) or related research has examined how IS and Application Domain knowledge (ISDK and ADK, respectively) influence how individuals solve conceptual schema problem-solving tasks. In this research, we investigate the effects of both ISDK and ADK on two types of conceptual schema problem-solving tasks: schema based and inferential. We used verbal protocol analysis to explore the roles that ISDK and ADK play in the problem-solving processes participants use when addressing these tasks. We found that, for the two types of conceptual schema problem-solving tasks, ADK and ISDK have similar effects on problem-solving processes. That is, we found that, for schema-based problem-solving tasks, participants used focused (depth-first) processes when the Application Domain was familiar as did participants with greater IS Domain knowledge. We also found that, for inferential problem-solving tasks, participants used exploratory (breadth-first) processes when the Application Domain was familiar as did participants with greater IS Domain knowledge. We then show how cognitive psychology literature on problem solving can help explain the effects of ISDK and ADK and, thus, provide the theoretical foundation for analyzing the roles of each type of knowledge in the process of IS problem solving.
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information use in solving a well structured is problem the roles of is and Application Domain knowledge
Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 2010Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:While the Application Domain is acknowledged to play a significant role in IS problem solving, little attention has been devoted to formal analyses of what role it plays, why and how it makes a difference, and in what circumstances. The theory of dual-task problem solving, which formalizes and generalizes the role of both the IS and Application Domains in IS problem solving, responds to these issues. The theory, which is based on the theory of cognitive fit, can be used to identify supportive, neutral, and conflicting interactions between the two types of knowledge, depending on problem structure. We used this theory to determine how IS and Application Domain knowledge support the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks. Although such tasks are well-structured and therefore can be solved using IS Domain knowledge alone, they are not fully structured. They require knowledge transformation, which is aided by Application Domain knowledge. Further, in well-structured tasks, IS and Application Domain knowledge play independent roles, with no interaction between the two. Analysis of verbal protocol data from the perspective of information use showed that problem solution is aided by both better IS knowledge and better Application knowledge.
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information search process for a well structured is problem the role of is and Application Domain knowledge processus de recherche d information pour un probleme de systeme d information bien structure le role de la connaissance du si et du Domaine d Application
International Conference on Information Systems, 2008Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:Prior research has shown that the effect of information systems (IS) Domain knowledge and Application Domain knowledge on problem solving is contingent on task type (Khatri et al. 2006). We build on this study by engaging in an in-depth analysis of how both these types of knowledge influence one type of task referred to as “schema-based problem solving” task. Our theoretical analysis is based on the fact that conceptual schema understanding is a well-structured problem area and that, in such a setting, participants engage in depth-first rather than the breadth-first search that is evident in the more-frequently studied ill-structured problem areas. We used protocol analysis to explore the search process in the context of varying levels of both IS and Application Domain knowledge. We found that knowledge of the IS and Application Domains result in similar effects on the search process: both high IS knowledge and familiarity with the Application Domain result in deeper (more focused) search.
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information search process for a well structured is problem the role of is and Application Domain knowledge
International Conference on Information Systems, 2008Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris VesseyAbstract:Prior research has shown that the effect of information systems (IS) Domain knowledge and Application Domain knowledge on problem solving is contingent on task type (Khatri et al. 2006). We build on this study by engaging in an in-depth analysis of how both these types of knowledge influence one type of task referred to as “schema-based problem solving” task. Our theoretical analysis is based on the fact that conceptual schema understanding is a well-structured problem area and that, in such a setting, participants engage in depth-first rather than the breadth-first search that is evident in the more-frequently studied ill-structured problem areas. We used protocol analysis to explore the search process in the context of varying levels of both IS and Application Domain knowledge. We found that knowledge of the IS and Application Domains result in similar effects on the search process: both high IS knowledge and familiarity with the Application Domain result in deeper (more focused) search.
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understanding conceptual schemas exploring the role of Application and is Domain knowledge
Information Systems Research, 2006Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris Vessey, V Ramesh, Paul F Clay, Sungjin ParkAbstract:Although information systems (IS) problem solving involves knowledge of both the IS and Application Domains, little attention has been paid to the role of Application Domain knowledge. In this study, which is set in the context of conceptual modeling, we examine the effects of both IS and Application Domain knowledge on different types of schema understanding tasks: syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks and schema-based problem-solving tasks. Our thesis was that while IS Domain knowledge is important in solving all such tasks, the role of Application Domain knowledge is contingent upon the type of understanding task under investigation. We use the theory of cognitive fit to establish theoretical differences in the role of Application Domain knowledge among the different types of schema understanding tasks. We hypothesize that Application Domain knowledge does not influence the solution of syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks for which cognitive fit exists, but does influence the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks for which cognitive fit does not exist. To assess performance on different types of conceptual schema understanding tasks, we conducted a laboratory experiment in which participants with high- and low-IS Domain knowledge responded to two equivalent conceptual schemas that represented high and low levels of Application knowledge (familiar and unfamiliar Application Domains). As expected, we found that IS Domain knowledge is important in the solution of all types of conceptual schema understanding tasks in both familiar and unfamiliar Applications Domains, and that the effect of Application Domain knowledge is contingent on task type. Our findings for the EER model were similar to those for the ER model. Given the differential effects of Application Domain knowledge on different types of tasks, this study highlights the importance of considering more than one Application Domain in designing future studies on conceptual modeling.
Sungjin Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding conceptual schemas exploring the role of Application and is Domain knowledge
Information Systems Research, 2006Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris Vessey, V Ramesh, Paul F Clay, Sungjin ParkAbstract:Although information systems (IS) problem solving involves knowledge of both the IS and Application Domains, little attention has been paid to the role of Application Domain knowledge. In this study, which is set in the context of conceptual modeling, we examine the effects of both IS and Application Domain knowledge on different types of schema understanding tasks: syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks and schema-based problem-solving tasks. Our thesis was that while IS Domain knowledge is important in solving all such tasks, the role of Application Domain knowledge is contingent upon the type of understanding task under investigation. We use the theory of cognitive fit to establish theoretical differences in the role of Application Domain knowledge among the different types of schema understanding tasks. We hypothesize that Application Domain knowledge does not influence the solution of syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks for which cognitive fit exists, but does influence the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks for which cognitive fit does not exist. To assess performance on different types of conceptual schema understanding tasks, we conducted a laboratory experiment in which participants with high- and low-IS Domain knowledge responded to two equivalent conceptual schemas that represented high and low levels of Application knowledge (familiar and unfamiliar Application Domains). As expected, we found that IS Domain knowledge is important in the solution of all types of conceptual schema understanding tasks in both familiar and unfamiliar Applications Domains, and that the effect of Application Domain knowledge is contingent on task type. Our findings for the EER model were similar to those for the ER model. Given the differential effects of Application Domain knowledge on different types of tasks, this study highlights the importance of considering more than one Application Domain in designing future studies on conceptual modeling.
Hassan Gomaa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a knowledge based software engineering environment for reusable software requirements and architectures
Automated Software Engineering, 1996Co-Authors: Hassan Gomaa, Larry Kerschberg, Vijayan Sugumaran, C Bosch, I Tavakoli, L OharaAbstract:This paper describes a prototype Knowledge-Based Software Engineering Environment used to demonstrate the concepts of reuse of software requirements and software architectures. The prototype environment, which is Application-Domain independent, is used to support the development of Domain models and to generate target system specifications from them. The prototype environment consists of an integrated set of commercial-off-the-shelf software tools and custom developed software tools.
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reusable software requirements and architectures for families of systems
Journal of Systems and Software, 1995Co-Authors: Hassan GomaaAbstract:Abstract In this article, an Application Domain perspective is applied to software reuse. An Application Domain is represented by a family of systems that have some features in common and others that differentiate them. A Domain model is a problem-oriented architecture that captures the similarities and variations of the family of systems that compose the Application Domain. Because the Application Domain requirements capture the composite features of the members of the family, they are categorized as kernel (required by all family members) or optional (required by some family members). It is the optional features that determine the characteristics of a given target system. The relationship between the Domain requirements and the object types in the Domain model are captured by means of feature/object dependencies, which define the object types and prerequisite features needed to support a given feature. Software architectures are reused by selecting those features required in a target system and then tailoring the Domain model, subject to the appropriate feature/object dependency constraints, to generate the target system specification.
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A prototype Domain modeling environment for reusable software architectures
Proceedings of 1994 3rd International Conference on Software Reuse, 1994Co-Authors: Hassan Gomaa, Larry Kerschberg, Vijayan Sugumaran, C Bosch, I TavakoliAbstract:This paper describes a prototype Domain modeling environment used to demonstrate the concepts of reuse of software requirements and software architectures. The environment, which is Application-Domain independent, is used to support the development of Domain models and to generate target system specifications from them. The prototype environment consists of an integrated set of commercial-off-the-shelf software tools and custom developed software tools. The concept of reuse is prevalent at several levels of the Domain modeling method and prototype environment. The environment is Domain-independent thereby supporting the specification of diverse Application Domain models. The Domain modeling method specifies a family of systems rather than a single system; optional features characterize the variations in functional requirements supported by the family, and individual family members are specified by the features they are to support. The knowledge-based approach to target system generation provides the rules for generating target system specifications from the Domain model; target system specifications, themselves, may be stored in an object repository for subsequent retrieval and reuse.
V Ramesh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding conceptual schemas exploring the role of Application and is Domain knowledge
Information Systems Research, 2006Co-Authors: Vijay Khatri, Iris Vessey, V Ramesh, Paul F Clay, Sungjin ParkAbstract:Although information systems (IS) problem solving involves knowledge of both the IS and Application Domains, little attention has been paid to the role of Application Domain knowledge. In this study, which is set in the context of conceptual modeling, we examine the effects of both IS and Application Domain knowledge on different types of schema understanding tasks: syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks and schema-based problem-solving tasks. Our thesis was that while IS Domain knowledge is important in solving all such tasks, the role of Application Domain knowledge is contingent upon the type of understanding task under investigation. We use the theory of cognitive fit to establish theoretical differences in the role of Application Domain knowledge among the different types of schema understanding tasks. We hypothesize that Application Domain knowledge does not influence the solution of syntactic and semantic comprehension tasks for which cognitive fit exists, but does influence the solution of schema-based problem-solving tasks for which cognitive fit does not exist. To assess performance on different types of conceptual schema understanding tasks, we conducted a laboratory experiment in which participants with high- and low-IS Domain knowledge responded to two equivalent conceptual schemas that represented high and low levels of Application knowledge (familiar and unfamiliar Application Domains). As expected, we found that IS Domain knowledge is important in the solution of all types of conceptual schema understanding tasks in both familiar and unfamiliar Applications Domains, and that the effect of Application Domain knowledge is contingent on task type. Our findings for the EER model were similar to those for the ER model. Given the differential effects of Application Domain knowledge on different types of tasks, this study highlights the importance of considering more than one Application Domain in designing future studies on conceptual modeling.
