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Iver Jakobsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Uptake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen From Soil
    Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Eckhard George, Horst Marschner, Iver Jakobsen
    Abstract:

    AbstractColonization of plant roots by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi can greatly increase the plant uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen. The most prominent contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant growth is due to uptake of nutrients by extraradical Mycorrhizal hyphae. Quantification of hyphal nutrient uptake has become possible by the use of soil boxes with separated growing zones for roots and hyphae. Many (but not all) tested fungal isolates increased phosphorus and nitrogen uptake of the plant by absorbing phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate from soil. However, compared with the nutrient demand of the plant for growth, the contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant phosphorus uptake is usually much larger than the contribution to plant nitrogen uptake. The utilization of soil nutrients may depend more on efficient uptake of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonium from the soil solution even at low supply concentrations than on mobilization processes in the hyphosphere. In contrast to ectomy...

Bhoopander Giri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in alleviation of salt stress a review
    Annals of Botany, 2009
    Co-Authors: Heikham Evelin, Rupam Kapoor, Bhoopander Giri
    Abstract:

    †Background Salt stress has become a major threat to plant growth and productivity. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi colonize plant root systems and modulate plant growth in various ways. †Scope This review addresses the significance of Arbuscular mycorrhiza in alleviation of salt stress and their beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity. It also focuses on recent progress in unravelling biochemical, physiological and molecular mechanisms in Mycorrhizal plants to alleviate salt stress. †Conclusions The role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in alleviating salt stress is well documented. This paper reviews the mechanisms Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi employ to enhance the salt tolerance of host plants such as enhanced nutrient acquisition (P, N, Mg and Ca), maintenance of the K þ :N a þ ratio, biochemical changes (accumulation of proline, betaines, polyamines, carbohydrates and antioxidants), physiological changes ( photosynthetic efficiency, relative permeability, water status, abscissic acid accumulation, nodulation and nitrogen fixation), molecular changes (the expression of genes: PIP ,N a þ /H þ antiporters, Lsnced, Lslea and LsP5CS) and ultra-structural changes. Theis review identifies certain lesser explored areas such as molecular and ultrastructural changes where further research is needed for better understanding of symbiosis with reference to salt stress for optimum usage of this technology in the field on a large scale. This review paper gives useful benchmark information for the development and prioritization of future research programmes.

Eckhard George - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Uptake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen From Soil
    Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Eckhard George, Horst Marschner, Iver Jakobsen
    Abstract:

    AbstractColonization of plant roots by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi can greatly increase the plant uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen. The most prominent contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant growth is due to uptake of nutrients by extraradical Mycorrhizal hyphae. Quantification of hyphal nutrient uptake has become possible by the use of soil boxes with separated growing zones for roots and hyphae. Many (but not all) tested fungal isolates increased phosphorus and nitrogen uptake of the plant by absorbing phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate from soil. However, compared with the nutrient demand of the plant for growth, the contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant phosphorus uptake is usually much larger than the contribution to plant nitrogen uptake. The utilization of soil nutrients may depend more on efficient uptake of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonium from the soil solution even at low supply concentrations than on mobilization processes in the hyphosphere. In contrast to ectomy...

Horst Marschner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Uptake of Phosphorus and Nitrogen From Soil
    Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 1995
    Co-Authors: Eckhard George, Horst Marschner, Iver Jakobsen
    Abstract:

    AbstractColonization of plant roots by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi can greatly increase the plant uptake of phosphorus and nitrogen. The most prominent contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant growth is due to uptake of nutrients by extraradical Mycorrhizal hyphae. Quantification of hyphal nutrient uptake has become possible by the use of soil boxes with separated growing zones for roots and hyphae. Many (but not all) tested fungal isolates increased phosphorus and nitrogen uptake of the plant by absorbing phosphate, ammonium, and nitrate from soil. However, compared with the nutrient demand of the plant for growth, the contribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to plant phosphorus uptake is usually much larger than the contribution to plant nitrogen uptake. The utilization of soil nutrients may depend more on efficient uptake of phosphate, nitrate, and ammonium from the soil solution even at low supply concentrations than on mobilization processes in the hyphosphere. In contrast to ectomy...

Heikham Evelin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in alleviation of salt stress a review
    Annals of Botany, 2009
    Co-Authors: Heikham Evelin, Rupam Kapoor, Bhoopander Giri
    Abstract:

    †Background Salt stress has become a major threat to plant growth and productivity. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi colonize plant root systems and modulate plant growth in various ways. †Scope This review addresses the significance of Arbuscular mycorrhiza in alleviation of salt stress and their beneficial effects on plant growth and productivity. It also focuses on recent progress in unravelling biochemical, physiological and molecular mechanisms in Mycorrhizal plants to alleviate salt stress. †Conclusions The role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in alleviating salt stress is well documented. This paper reviews the mechanisms Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi employ to enhance the salt tolerance of host plants such as enhanced nutrient acquisition (P, N, Mg and Ca), maintenance of the K þ :N a þ ratio, biochemical changes (accumulation of proline, betaines, polyamines, carbohydrates and antioxidants), physiological changes ( photosynthetic efficiency, relative permeability, water status, abscissic acid accumulation, nodulation and nitrogen fixation), molecular changes (the expression of genes: PIP ,N a þ /H þ antiporters, Lsnced, Lslea and LsP5CS) and ultra-structural changes. Theis review identifies certain lesser explored areas such as molecular and ultrastructural changes where further research is needed for better understanding of symbiosis with reference to salt stress for optimum usage of this technology in the field on a large scale. This review paper gives useful benchmark information for the development and prioritization of future research programmes.