The Experts below are selected from a list of 6732 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Giuseppe Mancia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
regression of radial Artery wall hypertrophy and improvement of carotid Artery Compliance after long term antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998Co-Authors: Xavier Girerd, Cristina Giannattasio, Cyril Moulin, Michel E Safar, Giuseppe Mancia, Stéphane LaurentAbstract:Abstract Objectives. The present study was designed to assess whether a diuretic- or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor–based treatment can reduce arterial wall hypertrophy of a distal muscular medium-sized Artery—the radial Artery—and the stiffness of a proximal large elastic Artery—the common carotid Artery. Background. Large-Artery wall thickness and stiffness are increased during sustained essential hypertension and contribute to the increased risk of complications. Whether antihypertensive treatment can normalize the wall hypertrophy of conducting arteries has not yet been determined. Methods. Seventy-seven elderly hypertensive patients were randomized to receive 9 months of double-blind treatment with perindopril (2 to 8 mg/day) or the diuretic combination of hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 to 50 mg/day) plus amiloride (1.25 to 5 mg/day) after a 1-month placebo washout period. If systolic blood pressure remained at >160 mm Hg after 5 months, chlorthalidone or atenolol was added, respectively. Arterial variables, including radial Artery mass and common carotid Artery Compliance, were calculated from noninvasive measurements of internal diameter and wall thickness with the use of high resolution echo-tracking systems at baseline and after 5 and 9 months. Results. During treatment, blood pressure and arterial variables changed to the same extent in both groups. After a 9-month treatment, systolic, diastolic and pulse pressures and radial Artery wall thickness, mass and thickness/radius ratio decreased significantly (p Conclusions. These results indicate that in elderly hypertensive patients, both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor– and diuretic combination–based treatments can reduce radial Artery wall hypertrophy and improve carotid Artery Compliance.
-
effects of isolated systolic hypertension and essential hypertension on large and middle sized Artery Compliance
Blood Pressure, 1998Co-Authors: M L Stella, Cristina Giannattasio, M Failla, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Background: Systolic hypertension of the elderly is characterized by a reduction in arterial Compliance. Whether and to what extent this involves arteries of various structure and size is not well known. Objective: To study carotid and radial Artery Compliance in systolic hypertension of the elderly, compared to essential hypertension and normotension. Methods
-
impaired radial Artery Compliance in normotensive subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia
Atherosclerosis, 1996Co-Authors: Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, M L Stella, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, Patrizia Stefanoni, Carlo Vergani, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Abstract Hypercholesterolemia impairs arteriolar dilatation, but whether the vascular abnormalities accompanying this condition include large Artery function is unknown. We addressed this issue in 13 normotensive subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (serum cholesterol 401.6 ± 16.9 mg/dl, mean ± S.E., FHC) and no evidence of atherosclerotic lesions, in whom radial Artery (RA) diameter and blood pressure (BP) were measured beat to beat by an echotracking and a Finapres device, respectively. RA Compliance (RAC) was derived from the diameter/BP relationship and expressed over the systo-diastolic BP range, both at baseline and after a 12-min brachial Artery occlusion. RAC was expressed also as the area under the RAC/BP curve divided for pulse BP. Measurements included maximal forearm blood flow (plethysmography) and minimal forearm vascular resistance (FVR) which were obtained from the values following the 12-min brachial arterial occlusion. Data were collected before and after 6- and 24-month lipid lowering treatment (simvastatin 40 mg/day). Ten age-matched normotensive normocholesterolemic healthy subjects (N) served as controls. Compared to N, baseline RAC was strikingly reduced in FHC (−53.5%, P P P P
-
radial Artery Compliance in young obese normotensive subjects
Hypertension, 1995Co-Authors: Arduino A Mangoni, Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, A Brunani, Manuela Colombo, Giovanbattista Bolla, Francesco Cavagnini, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Abstract Obesity is characterized by a number of cardiovascular alterations, and whether these alterations involve arterial Compliance is unknown. In 12 young, obese, normotensive subjects (age, 23.9±1.3 years; mean±SEM) and 12 age- and sex-matched lean control subjects we measured blood pressure, radial Artery diameter, and radial Artery Compliance continuously over the systodiastolic pressure range with a Finapres device and recently developed echo-tracking device. Measurements were obtained at baseline and after prolonged ischemia, that is, when diameter and Compliance are increased. Blood pressure values were normal in both groups (obese subjects: 109.2±4.9/68.2±2.7 mm Hg; lean control subjects: 108.2±4.1/60.7±3.8 mm Hg), but in addition to a marked increase in body mass index (38.5±0.8 versus 23.1±0.9 kg/m 2 , P P =NS), increases in left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass index (121.5±4.8 versus 103.4±3.3 kg/m 2 , P P P
-
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and radial Artery Compliance in patients with congestive heart failure
Hypertension, 1995Co-Authors: Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, M L Stella, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, M Pozzi, Davide Turrini, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Congestive heart failure is characterized by a clear-cut impairment of arterial Compliance of medium-sized arteries, but whether this alteration is irreversible or can be favorably affected by cardiovascular drugs currently used in congestive heart failure treatment is unknown. We studied 9 congestive heart failure patients (New York Heart Association class II; age, [mean +/- SEM] 60.7 +/- 3.3 years) receiving diuretic and digitalis treatment in whom arterial Compliance was assessed at the level of the radial Artery by an echotracking device capable of measuring the arterial diameter along the entire cardiac cycle. Beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure was concomitantly measured by a Finapres device that allowed diameter-pressure curves and Compliance-pressure curves (Langewouters' formula) to be calculated for the entire systolic-diastolic blood pressure range. Arterial Compliance was expressed as the area under the Compliance-pressure curve normalized for pulse pressure (Compliance index). Data were collected before and after 4 and 8 weeks of oral administration of benazepril (10 mg/day). Ten healthy subjects were studied before and after an observational period of 4 weeks (5 subjects) or 8 weeks (5 subjects), and 9 age-matched mildly essential hypertensive subjects studied before and after 4 to 12 weeks of benazepril administration served as control subjects. In congestive heart failure patients, baseline Compliance index was significantly less than in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. However, the Compliance index showed a marked increase after 4 weeks of benazepril administration (+95.7 +/- 24.9%, P < .05); the increase was also marked after 8 weeks of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment (+77.7 +/- 4.2%, P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Douglas R Seals - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
tetrahydrobiopterin supplementation enhances carotid Artery Compliance in healthy older men a pilot study
American Journal of Hypertension, 2012Co-Authors: Gary L Pierce, Allison E Devan, Kristen L Jablonski, Ashley E Walker, Sara Marian Seibert, Stephen M Black, Shruti Sharma, Douglas R SealsAbstract:American Journal of Hypertension, advance online publication 7 June 2012; doi:10.1038/ajh.2012.70
-
decline in large elastic Artery Compliance with age a therapeutic target for habitual exercise
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2006Co-Authors: Phillip E Gates, Douglas R SealsAbstract:Aerobic exercise can favourably modify arterial Compliance in middle-aged and older adults Cardiovascular diseases are prevalent in industrialised societies, and age is the dominant risk factor for morbidity and mortality.1 Consequently, a primary public health concern is to understand the mechanisms by which ageing is associated with cardiovascular diseases and to establish appropriate prevention and intervention strategies. One putative mechanism that has emerged as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease is the age-associated decline in large Artery Compliance.2,3 This single degenerative alteration to the vasculature has profound effects on cardiovascular health, contributing to increased systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure, isolated systolic hypertension, reduced cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity, increased aortic input impedance, left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and congestive heart failure.1–4 As such, the age-associated decline in arterial Compliance is an important therapeutic target for habitual physical activity in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this article is to highlight recent studies from our laboratory and other peer-reviewed literature that provide compelling experimental evidence that aerobic exercise can favourably modify arterial Compliance in middle-aged and older adults.5–8 We will also present evidence suggesting that resistance training is potentially detrimental to arterial Compliance unless combined with aerobic exercise. Arterial Compliance (and its inverse, arterial stiffness) describes the ability of an Artery to distend in response to a change in intravascular (transmural) pressure. By distending and recoiling, the large “elastic” arteries in the cardiothoracic region—for example, aorta and carotid arteries—function to buffer the oscillation in blood pressure caused by ventricular pumping, and help to convert intermittent blood flow from the ventricle into continuous blood flow in the vasculature.9 This compliant property of the Artery is typically determined by simultaneous measurements of changes in arterial blood pressure and volume during the …
-
oxidative stress explains differences in large elastic Artery Compliance between sedentary and habitually exercising postmenopausal women
Menopause, 2006Co-Authors: Kerrie L Moreau, Kathleen M Gavin, Angela E Plum, Douglas R SealsAbstract:Objective: To determine whether oxidative stress contributes to differences in large elastic Artery Compliance between sedentary and habitually exercising postmenopausal women. Design: Carotid Artery Compliance was measured during acute intravenous infusions of saline (control) and supraphysiological doses of the potent antioxidant ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in sedentary (n = 15; 58 ± 1 years) and endurance exercise-trained (n = 11, 59 ± 1) healthy postmenopausal women. Results: Carotid Artery Compliance was 24% higher in the exercising versus sedentary women during control (P < 0.001). During ascorbic acid infusion, carotid Artery Compliance was increased by 28% in the sedentary women (1.29 ± 0.12 to 1.60 ± 0.12 mm 2 /mm Hg × 10 -1 , P < 0.001 vs control) but was unchanged in exercising women (1.60 ± 0.14 vs 1.48 ± 0.14 mm 2 /mm Hg x 10 -1 , P = 0.10), abolishing the habitual exercise-associated baseline difference. The change in Compliance with ascorbic acid was most strongly related to maximal aerobic capacity (r = -0.64, P < 0.0001) and body fatness (r = 0.60, P < 0.0001) and was more modestly related to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, waist circumference, interleukin-6, total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all r = 0.40 to 0.49, all P < 0.05), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = -0.48, P = 0.01). Carotid Artery diameter, blood pressure, and heart rate were unaffected by ascorbic acid. Conclusions: These results indicate that the greater large elastic Artery Compliance in habitually exercising compared with sedentary estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women may be mediated by an absence of oxidative stress, perhaps related in part to more favorable cardiovascular risk factors.
-
ascorbic acid selectively improves large elastic Artery Compliance in postmenopausal women
Hypertension, 2005Co-Authors: Kerrie L Moreau, Kathleen M Gavin, Angela E Plum, Douglas R SealsAbstract:The Compliance of large elastic arteries in the cardiothoracic region decreases with advancing age/menopause and plays an important role in the increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. We determined whether oxidative stress contributes to the reduced large elastic Artery Compliance of postmenopausal women. Carotid Artery Compliance was measured during acute intravenous infusions of saline (baseline control) and supraphysiological doses of the potent antioxidant ascorbic acid in premenopausal (n=10; 23±1; mean±SE) and estrogen-deficient postmenopausal (n=21; 55±1 years) healthy sedentary women. Carotid Artery Compliance was 56% lower in postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women during baseline control ( P 2 /mm Hg×10 −1 ; P 2 /mm Hg×10 −1 ). Carotid Artery diameter, blood pressure, and heart rate were unaffected by ascorbic acid. In the pooled population, the change in arterial Compliance with ascorbic acid correlated with baseline waist-to-hip ratio ( r =0.56; P =0.001), plasma norepinephrine ( r =0.58; P =0.001), and LDL cholesterol ( r =0.54; P =0.001). These results suggest that oxidative stress may be an important mechanism contributing to the reduced large elastic Artery Compliance of sedentary, estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. Increased abdominal fat storage, sympathetic nervous system activity, and LDL cholesterol may be mechanistically involved in oxidative stress–associated suppression of arterial Compliance in postmenopausal women.
-
ascorbic acid selectively improves large elastic Artery Compliance in postmenopausal women
Hypertension, 2005Co-Authors: Kerrie L Moreau, Kathleen M Gavin, Angela E Plum, Douglas R SealsAbstract:The Compliance of large elastic arteries in the cardiothoracic region decreases with advancing age/menopause and plays an important role in the increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. We determined whether oxidative stress contributes to the reduced large elastic Artery Compliance of postmenopausal women. Carotid Artery Compliance was measured during acute intravenous infusions of saline (baseline control) and supraphysiological doses of the potent antioxidant ascorbic acid in premenopausal (n=10; 23+/-1; mean+/-SE) and estrogen-deficient postmenopausal (n=21; 55+/-1 years) healthy sedentary women. Carotid Artery Compliance was 56% lower in postmenopausal compared with premenopausal women during baseline control (P<0.0001). Ascorbic acid infusion increased carotid Artery Compliance by 26% in postmenopausal women (1.11+/-0.07 to 1.38+/-0.08 mm2/mm Hgx10(-1); P<0.001) but had no effect in premenopausal women (2.50+/-0.25 versus 2.43+/-0.20 mm2/mm Hgx10(-1)). Carotid Artery diameter, blood pressure, and heart rate were unaffected by ascorbic acid. In the pooled population, the change in arterial Compliance with ascorbic acid correlated with baseline waist-to-hip ratio (r=0.56; P=0.001), plasma norepinephrine (r=0.58; P=0.001), and LDL cholesterol (r=0.54; P=0.001). These results suggest that oxidative stress may be an important mechanism contributing to the reduced large elastic Artery Compliance of sedentary, estrogen-deficient postmenopausal women. Increased abdominal fat storage, sympathetic nervous system activity, and LDL cholesterol may be mechanistically involved in oxidative stress-associated suppression of arterial Compliance in postmenopausal women.
Jay N Cohn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
age related abnormalities in arterial Compliance identified by pressure pulse contour analysis aging and arterial Compliance
Hypertension, 1999Co-Authors: Gary E Mcveigh, Christopher W Bratteli, Dennis J Morgan, C Alinder, Stephen P Glasser, Stanley M Finkelstein, Jay N CohnAbstract:Abstract —The objective of this study was to evaluate age-related changes in pulsatile arterial function. Aging alters arterial pulsatile function and produces consistent changes in the pressure pulse contour. A reduced systemic arterial Compliance that can be derived from analysis of the pulse contour is regarded as the best clinical index of impaired pulsatile arterial function and may mark the presence of early vascular damage. We analyzed intra-arterial brachial Artery waveforms in 115 healthy normotensive volunteers (83 men, 32 women) and radial Artery waveforms obtained with the use of a calibrated tonometer device in 212 healthy volunteers (147 women, 65 men). A computer-based assessment of the diastolic pressure decay and a modified Windkessel model of the circulation were used to quantify changes in arterial waveform morphology in terms of large Artery or capacitive Compliance, oscillatory or reflective Compliance in the small arteries, inertance, and systemic vascular resistance. Large Artery Compliance and oscillatory Compliance correlated negatively with age for both invasive and noninvasive groups ( r =−0.50 and r =−0.55; r =−0.37 and r =−0.66; P
-
age related abnormalities in arterial Compliance identified by pressure pulse contour analysis aging and arterial Compliance
Hypertension, 1999Co-Authors: Gary E Mcveigh, Christopher W Bratteli, Dennis J Morgan, C Alinder, Stephen P Glasser, Stanley M Finkelstein, Jay N CohnAbstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate age-related changes in pulsatile arterial function. Aging alters arterial pulsatile function and produces consistent changes in the pressure pulse contour. A reduced systemic arterial Compliance that can be derived from analysis of the pulse contour is regarded as the best clinical index of impaired pulsatile arterial function and may mark the presence of early vascular damage. We analyzed intra-arterial brachial Artery waveforms in 115 healthy normotensive volunteers (83 men, 32 women) and radial Artery waveforms obtained with the use of a calibrated tonometer device in 212 healthy volunteers (147 women, 65 men). A computer-based assessment of the diastolic pressure decay and a modified Windkessel model of the circulation were used to quantify changes in arterial waveform morphology in terms of large Artery or capacitive Compliance, oscillatory or reflective Compliance in the small arteries, inertance, and systemic vascular resistance. Large Artery Compliance and oscillatory Compliance correlated negatively with age for both invasive and noninvasive groups (r=-0.50 and r=-0.55; r=-0.37 and r=-0.66; P<0.001 for all). The slopes of the regression lines for the decline in oscillatory Compliance with age were significantly steeper than those recorded for large Artery Compliance estimates. The change in blood pressure with age independently contributed to the decrease in large Artery Compliance but not oscillatory Compliance in both groups. Consistent age-related changes were found in the pressure pulse contour by analysis of waveforms obtained invasively or noninvasively from the upper limb. The change in the oscillatory or reflective Compliance estimate was independent of blood pressure change and may represent a better marker than large Artery or capacitive Compliance of the degenerative aging process in altering pulsatile arterial function.
-
inverse relationship between aldosterone and large Artery Compliance in chronically treated heart failure patients
European Heart Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Daniel Duprez, Dennis J Morgan, M De Buyzere, E Rietzschel, Y Taes, Denis Clement, Jay N CohnAbstract:Aims The purpose of this study was to examine, in chronically treated heart failure patients vs control subjects, the influence of neurohumoral activation and aldosterone escape on arterial elastic behaviour, assessed by noninvasive mathematical lumped-parameter modelling of the Compliance of the arterial system. Methods and Results Radial arterial pulse waves were recorded non-invasively for 30 s with an arterial tonometer sensor array in 13 chronic heart failure patients (mean age, 59 +/- 2.5 years) in New York Heart Association class II. The patients had been taking digoxin, furosemide, captopril and aspirin for more than 3 months. Thirteen healthy subjects (mean age, 50 +/- 4.0 years) acted as controls. Compliance of the proximal (aorta and major branches, C1) and distal parts (C2) of the circulation were derived from a third order four-element modified Windkessel model which can reproduce arterial pressure waveforms, including both exponential and oscillatory sections. Active renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone levels were determined on venous blood samples in the supine position and after 30 min active standing. There was decreased proximal (C1, 1.51 +/- 0.11 ml . mmHg(-1), P<0.01) and distal (C2, 0050+/-0.011 ml . mmHg(-1)) arterial Compliance in the chronic heart failure patients vs controls (C1, 1.71 +/- 0.16 ml. mmHg(-1); C2, 0.054 +/- 0.006 ml . mmHg(-1)). The chronic heart failure patients were characterized by an aldosterone escape phenomenon which was inversely correlated with the proximal arterial Compliance in both supine (r= -0.795, P=0.002) and standing (r= -0.628, P=0.029) positions. Conclusions In chronically treated heart failure patients with full angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibition and diuretics, there is decreased Compliance of the aorta and its major branches, which is inversely correlated with the aldosterone escape phenomenon.
Cristina Giannattasio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
regression of radial Artery wall hypertrophy and improvement of carotid Artery Compliance after long term antihypertensive treatment in elderly patients
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998Co-Authors: Xavier Girerd, Cristina Giannattasio, Cyril Moulin, Michel E Safar, Giuseppe Mancia, Stéphane LaurentAbstract:Abstract Objectives. The present study was designed to assess whether a diuretic- or an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor–based treatment can reduce arterial wall hypertrophy of a distal muscular medium-sized Artery—the radial Artery—and the stiffness of a proximal large elastic Artery—the common carotid Artery. Background. Large-Artery wall thickness and stiffness are increased during sustained essential hypertension and contribute to the increased risk of complications. Whether antihypertensive treatment can normalize the wall hypertrophy of conducting arteries has not yet been determined. Methods. Seventy-seven elderly hypertensive patients were randomized to receive 9 months of double-blind treatment with perindopril (2 to 8 mg/day) or the diuretic combination of hydrochlorothiazide (12.5 to 50 mg/day) plus amiloride (1.25 to 5 mg/day) after a 1-month placebo washout period. If systolic blood pressure remained at >160 mm Hg after 5 months, chlorthalidone or atenolol was added, respectively. Arterial variables, including radial Artery mass and common carotid Artery Compliance, were calculated from noninvasive measurements of internal diameter and wall thickness with the use of high resolution echo-tracking systems at baseline and after 5 and 9 months. Results. During treatment, blood pressure and arterial variables changed to the same extent in both groups. After a 9-month treatment, systolic, diastolic and pulse pressures and radial Artery wall thickness, mass and thickness/radius ratio decreased significantly (p Conclusions. These results indicate that in elderly hypertensive patients, both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor– and diuretic combination–based treatments can reduce radial Artery wall hypertrophy and improve carotid Artery Compliance.
-
effects of isolated systolic hypertension and essential hypertension on large and middle sized Artery Compliance
Blood Pressure, 1998Co-Authors: M L Stella, Cristina Giannattasio, M Failla, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Background: Systolic hypertension of the elderly is characterized by a reduction in arterial Compliance. Whether and to what extent this involves arteries of various structure and size is not well known. Objective: To study carotid and radial Artery Compliance in systolic hypertension of the elderly, compared to essential hypertension and normotension. Methods
-
impaired radial Artery Compliance in normotensive subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia
Atherosclerosis, 1996Co-Authors: Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, M L Stella, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, Patrizia Stefanoni, Carlo Vergani, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Abstract Hypercholesterolemia impairs arteriolar dilatation, but whether the vascular abnormalities accompanying this condition include large Artery function is unknown. We addressed this issue in 13 normotensive subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia (serum cholesterol 401.6 ± 16.9 mg/dl, mean ± S.E., FHC) and no evidence of atherosclerotic lesions, in whom radial Artery (RA) diameter and blood pressure (BP) were measured beat to beat by an echotracking and a Finapres device, respectively. RA Compliance (RAC) was derived from the diameter/BP relationship and expressed over the systo-diastolic BP range, both at baseline and after a 12-min brachial Artery occlusion. RAC was expressed also as the area under the RAC/BP curve divided for pulse BP. Measurements included maximal forearm blood flow (plethysmography) and minimal forearm vascular resistance (FVR) which were obtained from the values following the 12-min brachial arterial occlusion. Data were collected before and after 6- and 24-month lipid lowering treatment (simvastatin 40 mg/day). Ten age-matched normotensive normocholesterolemic healthy subjects (N) served as controls. Compared to N, baseline RAC was strikingly reduced in FHC (−53.5%, P P P P
-
radial Artery Compliance in young obese normotensive subjects
Hypertension, 1995Co-Authors: Arduino A Mangoni, Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, A Brunani, Manuela Colombo, Giovanbattista Bolla, Francesco Cavagnini, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Abstract Obesity is characterized by a number of cardiovascular alterations, and whether these alterations involve arterial Compliance is unknown. In 12 young, obese, normotensive subjects (age, 23.9±1.3 years; mean±SEM) and 12 age- and sex-matched lean control subjects we measured blood pressure, radial Artery diameter, and radial Artery Compliance continuously over the systodiastolic pressure range with a Finapres device and recently developed echo-tracking device. Measurements were obtained at baseline and after prolonged ischemia, that is, when diameter and Compliance are increased. Blood pressure values were normal in both groups (obese subjects: 109.2±4.9/68.2±2.7 mm Hg; lean control subjects: 108.2±4.1/60.7±3.8 mm Hg), but in addition to a marked increase in body mass index (38.5±0.8 versus 23.1±0.9 kg/m 2 , P P =NS), increases in left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass index (121.5±4.8 versus 103.4±3.3 kg/m 2 , P P P
-
angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition and radial Artery Compliance in patients with congestive heart failure
Hypertension, 1995Co-Authors: Cristina Giannattasio, Guido Grassi, M Failla, M L Stella, Arduino A Mangoni, Stefano Carugo, M Pozzi, Davide Turrini, Giuseppe ManciaAbstract:Congestive heart failure is characterized by a clear-cut impairment of arterial Compliance of medium-sized arteries, but whether this alteration is irreversible or can be favorably affected by cardiovascular drugs currently used in congestive heart failure treatment is unknown. We studied 9 congestive heart failure patients (New York Heart Association class II; age, [mean +/- SEM] 60.7 +/- 3.3 years) receiving diuretic and digitalis treatment in whom arterial Compliance was assessed at the level of the radial Artery by an echotracking device capable of measuring the arterial diameter along the entire cardiac cycle. Beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure was concomitantly measured by a Finapres device that allowed diameter-pressure curves and Compliance-pressure curves (Langewouters' formula) to be calculated for the entire systolic-diastolic blood pressure range. Arterial Compliance was expressed as the area under the Compliance-pressure curve normalized for pulse pressure (Compliance index). Data were collected before and after 4 and 8 weeks of oral administration of benazepril (10 mg/day). Ten healthy subjects were studied before and after an observational period of 4 weeks (5 subjects) or 8 weeks (5 subjects), and 9 age-matched mildly essential hypertensive subjects studied before and after 4 to 12 weeks of benazepril administration served as control subjects. In congestive heart failure patients, baseline Compliance index was significantly less than in normotensive and hypertensive subjects. However, the Compliance index showed a marked increase after 4 weeks of benazepril administration (+95.7 +/- 24.9%, P < .05); the increase was also marked after 8 weeks of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor treatment (+77.7 +/- 4.2%, P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Gary E Mcveigh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
nitric oxide modulation of blood vessel tone identified by arterial waveform analysis
Clinical Science, 2001Co-Authors: Gary E Mcveigh, Patrick Allen, David R Morgan, Colm G Hanratty, B SilkeAbstract:: Traditionally, nitric oxide-mediated alteration in blood vessel tone has been inferred from changes in flow in response to physical and pharmacological interventions using plethysmographic or ultrasonic techniques. We hypothesized that alteration in pulsatile arterial function may represent a more sensitive measure to detect and monitor nitric oxide-mediated modulation of arterial smooth muscle tone. Healthy male volunteers (n = 15) had radial Artery pressure pulse waveforms recorded using a calibrated tonometer device. A computer-based assessment of the diastolic pressure decay was employed to quantify changes in arterial waveform morphology in terms of altered pulsatile (arterial Compliance) and steady-state (peripheral resistance) haemodynamics. N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a stereospecific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, was infused intravenously in incrementally increasing doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 mg/kg for 8 min each. Subjects then received either L-arginine or D-arginine (200 mg/kg over 15 min) intravenously in a blinded fashion. On a separate day, subjects had radial Artery pressure pulse waveforms recorded before and after the sublingual administration of glyceryl trinitrate, an exogenous donor of nitric oxide. Cardiac output and heart rate decreased and mean arterial blood pressure increased significantly (P < 0.01 for all) in response to the incremental intravenous infusion of L-NAME. Small Artery Compliance decreased, whereas systemic vascular resistance increased in response to nitric oxide synthesis inhibition (P < 0.01 for both). The intravenous infusion of L-arginine restored the pulsatile and steady-state haemodynamic parameters to pre-treatment values, whereas D-arginine had no effect. Sublingual glyceryl trinitrate decreased systemic vascular resistance by 11%, whereas large Artery- and small Artery-Compliance increased by 25% and 44% respectively. Pressure pulse contour analysis represents a sensitive and convenient technique capable of tracking changes in the pulsatile function of arteries accompanying nitric oxide-mediated alteration in arterial smooth muscle tone.
-
age related abnormalities in arterial Compliance identified by pressure pulse contour analysis aging and arterial Compliance
Hypertension, 1999Co-Authors: Gary E Mcveigh, Christopher W Bratteli, Dennis J Morgan, C Alinder, Stephen P Glasser, Stanley M Finkelstein, Jay N CohnAbstract:Abstract —The objective of this study was to evaluate age-related changes in pulsatile arterial function. Aging alters arterial pulsatile function and produces consistent changes in the pressure pulse contour. A reduced systemic arterial Compliance that can be derived from analysis of the pulse contour is regarded as the best clinical index of impaired pulsatile arterial function and may mark the presence of early vascular damage. We analyzed intra-arterial brachial Artery waveforms in 115 healthy normotensive volunteers (83 men, 32 women) and radial Artery waveforms obtained with the use of a calibrated tonometer device in 212 healthy volunteers (147 women, 65 men). A computer-based assessment of the diastolic pressure decay and a modified Windkessel model of the circulation were used to quantify changes in arterial waveform morphology in terms of large Artery or capacitive Compliance, oscillatory or reflective Compliance in the small arteries, inertance, and systemic vascular resistance. Large Artery Compliance and oscillatory Compliance correlated negatively with age for both invasive and noninvasive groups ( r =−0.50 and r =−0.55; r =−0.37 and r =−0.66; P
-
age related abnormalities in arterial Compliance identified by pressure pulse contour analysis aging and arterial Compliance
Hypertension, 1999Co-Authors: Gary E Mcveigh, Christopher W Bratteli, Dennis J Morgan, C Alinder, Stephen P Glasser, Stanley M Finkelstein, Jay N CohnAbstract:The objective of this study was to evaluate age-related changes in pulsatile arterial function. Aging alters arterial pulsatile function and produces consistent changes in the pressure pulse contour. A reduced systemic arterial Compliance that can be derived from analysis of the pulse contour is regarded as the best clinical index of impaired pulsatile arterial function and may mark the presence of early vascular damage. We analyzed intra-arterial brachial Artery waveforms in 115 healthy normotensive volunteers (83 men, 32 women) and radial Artery waveforms obtained with the use of a calibrated tonometer device in 212 healthy volunteers (147 women, 65 men). A computer-based assessment of the diastolic pressure decay and a modified Windkessel model of the circulation were used to quantify changes in arterial waveform morphology in terms of large Artery or capacitive Compliance, oscillatory or reflective Compliance in the small arteries, inertance, and systemic vascular resistance. Large Artery Compliance and oscillatory Compliance correlated negatively with age for both invasive and noninvasive groups (r=-0.50 and r=-0.55; r=-0.37 and r=-0.66; P<0.001 for all). The slopes of the regression lines for the decline in oscillatory Compliance with age were significantly steeper than those recorded for large Artery Compliance estimates. The change in blood pressure with age independently contributed to the decrease in large Artery Compliance but not oscillatory Compliance in both groups. Consistent age-related changes were found in the pressure pulse contour by analysis of waveforms obtained invasively or noninvasively from the upper limb. The change in the oscillatory or reflective Compliance estimate was independent of blood pressure change and may represent a better marker than large Artery or capacitive Compliance of the degenerative aging process in altering pulsatile arterial function.
