The Experts below are selected from a list of 297 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P. K. Whelton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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elevated Systolic Blood Pressure and risk of cardiovascular and renal disease overview of evidence from observational epidemiologic studies and randomized controlled trials
American Heart Journal, 1999Co-Authors: P. K. WheltonAbstract:The effect of elevated Blood Pressure on risk of cardiovascular and renal disease has been documented in both observational epidemiologic studies and clinical trials. However, these studies have traditionally concentrated on diastolic Blood Pressure to characterize the risk associated with hypertension. We reviewed evidence from prospective studies and randomized controlled trials to quantify the risk associated with Systolic Blood Pressure. Prospective studies and randomized controlled clinical trials that were published in English-language journals were retrieved using MEDLINE, bibliographies, and the authors' reference files. All retrieved publications were reviewed and information on sample size, duration, study design, antihypertensive medication, participant characteristics, and outcomes was abstracted for randomized controlled trials that reported Systolic Blood Pressure reduction during intervention. Several prospective studies indicate that the association between Systolic Blood Pressure and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and end-stage renal disease is continuous, graded, and independent. Furthermore, they suggest that the association of Systolic Blood Pressure with these outcomes is stronger than that of diastolic Blood Pressure. Pooling of the data available from randomized controlled trials indicates that an average reduction of 12 to 13 mm Hg in Systolic Blood Pressure over 4 years of follow-up is associated with a 21% reduction in coronary heart disease, 37% reduction in stroke, 25% reduction in total cardiovascular mortality, and 13% reduction in all-cause mortality rates. These data indicate that Systolic Blood Pressure is an independent and strong predictor for risk of cardiovascular and renal disease.
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Elevated Systolic Blood Pressure as a risk factor for cardiovascular and renal disease.
Journal of Hypertension, 1999Co-Authors: P. K. WheltonAbstract:AIM To review published literature on the relationship between Systolic Blood Pressure and risk of cardiovascular and renal disease. DATA identification Studies were retrieved using the MEDLINE database, bibliographies, and the authors' reference files. STUDY SELECTION Prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials which were published in English-language journals. DATA EXTRACTION All retrieved publications were reviewed by the two authors. Information on sample size, duration, study design, antihypertensive medication, participant characteristics and outcomes was abstracted for randomized controlled trials which reported reductions in Systolic Blood Pressure during intervention. DATA SYNTHESIS Results from several prospective cohort studies indicate that the association between Systolic Blood Pressure and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke and end-stage renal disease is continuous, graded, and independent. Furthermore, they suggest that the association of Systolic Blood Pressure with these outcomes is stronger than that of diastolic Blood Pressure. Pooling of the data available from randomized controlled trials indicates that an average reduction of 12-13 mmHg in Systolic Blood Pressure over 4 years of follow-up is associated with a 21% reduction in coronary heart disease, a 37% reduction in stroke, a 25% reduction in total cardiovascular mortality, and a 13% reduction in all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Observational epidemiologic studies and randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that Systolic Blood Pressure is an independent and strong predictor of risk of cardiovascular and renal disease.
Cora E Lewis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the design and rationale of a multicenter clinical trial comparing two strategies for control of Systolic Blood Pressure the Systolic Blood Pressure intervention trial sprint
Clinical Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Walter T Ambrosius, Anthony A Killeen, Kaycee M Sink, Dan R Berlowitz, Alfred K Cheung, William C Cushman, Lawrence J Fine, David C Goff, Karen C Johnson, Cora E LewisAbstract:Background:High Blood Pressure is an important public health concern because it is highly prevalent and a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including coronary heart disease, stroke, decompensated heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and decline in cognitive function. Observational studies show a progressive increase in risk associated with Blood Pressure above 115/75 mm Hg. Prior research has shown that reducing elevated Systolic Blood Pressure lowers the risk of subsequent clinical complications from cardiovascular disease. However, the optimal Systolic Blood Pressure to reduce Blood Pressure–related adverse outcomes is unclear, and the benefit of treating to a level of Systolic Blood Pressure well below 140 mm Hg has not been proven in a large, definitive clinical trial.Purpose:To describe the design considerations of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and the baseline characteristics of trial participants.Methods:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is a multicen...
Anthony A Killeen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the design and rationale of a multicenter clinical trial comparing two strategies for control of Systolic Blood Pressure the Systolic Blood Pressure intervention trial sprint
Clinical Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Walter T Ambrosius, Anthony A Killeen, Kaycee M Sink, Dan R Berlowitz, Alfred K Cheung, William C Cushman, Lawrence J Fine, David C Goff, Karen C Johnson, Cora E LewisAbstract:Background:High Blood Pressure is an important public health concern because it is highly prevalent and a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including coronary heart disease, stroke, decompensated heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and decline in cognitive function. Observational studies show a progressive increase in risk associated with Blood Pressure above 115/75 mm Hg. Prior research has shown that reducing elevated Systolic Blood Pressure lowers the risk of subsequent clinical complications from cardiovascular disease. However, the optimal Systolic Blood Pressure to reduce Blood Pressure–related adverse outcomes is unclear, and the benefit of treating to a level of Systolic Blood Pressure well below 140 mm Hg has not been proven in a large, definitive clinical trial.Purpose:To describe the design considerations of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and the baseline characteristics of trial participants.Methods:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is a multicen...
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baseline characteristics of african americans in the Systolic Blood Pressure intervention trial
Journal of The American Society of Hypertension, 2014Co-Authors: Carolyn H Still, Timothy E Craven, Anthony A Killeen, Kaycee M Sink, Jeffrey T. Bates, Barry I. Freedman, Peter N Van Buren, Gabriel Contreras, Suzanne Oparil, Carolyn M PedleyAbstract:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) will compare treatment to a Systolic Blood Pressure goal of <120 mm Hg to treatment to the currently recommended goal of <140 mm Hg for effects on incident cardiovascular, renal, and neurologic outcomes including cognitive decline. The objectives of this analysis are to compare baseline characteristics of African American (AA) and non-AA SPRINT participants and explore factors associated with uncontrolled Blood Pressure (BP) by race. SPRINT enrolled 9361 hypertensive participants aged older than 50 years. This cross-sectional analysis examines sociodemographics, baseline characteristics, and study measures among AAs compared with non-AAs. AAs made up 31% of participants. AAs (compared with non-AAs) were younger and less frequently male, had less education, and were more likely uninsured or covered by Medicaid. In addition, AAs scored lower on the cognitive screening test when compared with non-AAs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found BP control rates to <140/90 mm Hg were higher for AAs who were male, had higher number of chronic diseases, were on diuretic treatment, and had better medication adherence. SPRINT is well poised to examine the effects of Systolic Blood Pressure targets on clinical outcomes as well as predictors influencing BP control in AAs.
Kaycee M Sink - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the design and rationale of a multicenter clinical trial comparing two strategies for control of Systolic Blood Pressure the Systolic Blood Pressure intervention trial sprint
Clinical Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Walter T Ambrosius, Anthony A Killeen, Kaycee M Sink, Dan R Berlowitz, Alfred K Cheung, William C Cushman, Lawrence J Fine, David C Goff, Karen C Johnson, Cora E LewisAbstract:Background:High Blood Pressure is an important public health concern because it is highly prevalent and a risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including coronary heart disease, stroke, decompensated heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and decline in cognitive function. Observational studies show a progressive increase in risk associated with Blood Pressure above 115/75 mm Hg. Prior research has shown that reducing elevated Systolic Blood Pressure lowers the risk of subsequent clinical complications from cardiovascular disease. However, the optimal Systolic Blood Pressure to reduce Blood Pressure–related adverse outcomes is unclear, and the benefit of treating to a level of Systolic Blood Pressure well below 140 mm Hg has not been proven in a large, definitive clinical trial.Purpose:To describe the design considerations of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) and the baseline characteristics of trial participants.Methods:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial is a multicen...
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baseline characteristics of african americans in the Systolic Blood Pressure intervention trial
Journal of The American Society of Hypertension, 2014Co-Authors: Carolyn H Still, Timothy E Craven, Anthony A Killeen, Kaycee M Sink, Jeffrey T. Bates, Barry I. Freedman, Peter N Van Buren, Gabriel Contreras, Suzanne Oparil, Carolyn M PedleyAbstract:The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) will compare treatment to a Systolic Blood Pressure goal of <120 mm Hg to treatment to the currently recommended goal of <140 mm Hg for effects on incident cardiovascular, renal, and neurologic outcomes including cognitive decline. The objectives of this analysis are to compare baseline characteristics of African American (AA) and non-AA SPRINT participants and explore factors associated with uncontrolled Blood Pressure (BP) by race. SPRINT enrolled 9361 hypertensive participants aged older than 50 years. This cross-sectional analysis examines sociodemographics, baseline characteristics, and study measures among AAs compared with non-AAs. AAs made up 31% of participants. AAs (compared with non-AAs) were younger and less frequently male, had less education, and were more likely uninsured or covered by Medicaid. In addition, AAs scored lower on the cognitive screening test when compared with non-AAs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found BP control rates to <140/90 mm Hg were higher for AAs who were male, had higher number of chronic diseases, were on diuretic treatment, and had better medication adherence. SPRINT is well poised to examine the effects of Systolic Blood Pressure targets on clinical outcomes as well as predictors influencing BP control in AAs.
Adriaan A. Voors - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Systolic Blood Pressure and cardiac mortality over 24 years after venous coronary bypass surgery.
Journal of Human Hypertension, 2007Co-Authors: D T Nguyen, B. L. Van Brussel, H. W. M. Plokker, E Citgez, F. E. E. Vermeulen, Adriaan A. VoorsAbstract:Post-operative Systolic Blood Pressure, but not preoperative Systolic Blood Pressure, has a strong predictive value on very long-term clinical outcome after venous coronary bypass surgery. Especially Blood Pressure 5 years after surgery is a major determinant of cardiac mortality. Therefore it is important to monitor and control Systolic Blood Pressure in the initial years after surgery.
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Systolic Blood Pressure and (cardiac) mortality over 15 years after venous coronary bypass surgery
European Heart Journal, 1997Co-Authors: Adriaan A. Voors, B. L. Van Brussel, Johannes C. Kelder, H. W. M. PlokkerAbstract:Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of pre-operative Systolic Blood Pressure and Systolic Blood Pressure 1 and 5 years after venous coronary bypass surgery on subsequent cardiac and non-cardiac mortality. Design A prospective 15 years follow-up study. Patients A series of 446 consecutive coronary bypass surgery patients, operated on between April 1976 and April 1977. According to their Systolic Blood Pressure, patients were divided into five groups. Main outcome mesures Systolic Blood Pressure 5 years after surgery, but not pre-operative Systolic Blood Pressure, was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality. Results Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that pre-operative Systolic Blood Pressure was not associated with cardiac mortality, while higher Systolic Blood Pressure 1 year after surgery showed a trend towards increased cardiac mortality. Systolic Blood Pressure 5 years after surgery appeared to be a strong independent predictor of cardiac mortality during the subsequent follow-up period. Patients with a Systolic Blood Pressure of 130–139 mmHg had the lowest risk. Compared to this group, the cardiac mortality risk in patients with a Systolic Blood Pressure 5 years after surgery of 140–149 mmHg, 150–159 mmHg and $160 mmHg, was 2·3 (1·2 to 4·6), 3·4 (1·6 to 7·1) and 3·1 (1·4 to 6·5) times higher. Systolic Blood Pressure >130 mniHg 5 years after surgery was also associated with a 2·3 times (1·1 to 4·7) times increased risk for cardiac mortality, compared to patients with a Systolic Blood Pressure of 130–139 mmHg. Conclusions These findings underline the importance of Systolic Blood Pressure control in the initial years after coronary bypass surgery.
