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  • phylogenetic relationships among brazilian howler monkeys genus alouatta platyrrhini Atelidae based on g 1 globin pseudogene sequences
    Genetics and Molecular Biology, 1999
    Co-Authors: Carla Maria Meireles, John Czelusniak, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, Stephen F Ferrari, Morris Goodman
    Abstract:

    Os guaribas, do genero Alouatta, que sao os primatas do Novo Mundo com maior distribuicao geografica, tem sido colocados em tres grupos de especies: o grupo Alouatta palliata da America central, e os grupos sulamericanos Alouatta seniculus e Alouatta caraya. Este ultimo e monotipico, mas o grupo A. seniculus inclui pelo menos tres especies (A. seniculus, A. belzebul e A. fusca). Neste estudo, foram sequenciados aproximadamente 600 pares de base do pseudogene globina g1 nas quatro especies brasileiras (A. seniculus, A. belzebul, A. fusca e A. caraya). Os metodos de maxima parcimonia e maxima verossimilhanca produziram arvores filogeneticas com o mesmo arranjo: {A. caraya [A. seniculus (A. fusca, A. belzebul)]}. A arvore mais parcimoniosa apresentou valores de bootstrap maiores de 82% para todos os agrupamentos, e valores de forca de ligacao de pelo menos 2, apoiando o agrupamento irmao de A. fusca e A. belzebul. O estudo tambem confirmou a presenca em A. fusca do elemento de insercao Alu, com 150 pares de base, e uma delecao de 1,8 kb no pseudogene globina g1 ja conhecidos nas demais especies de guaribas. A classificacao cladistica baseada em dados moleculares e congruente com as de estudos morfologicos, com um isolamento claro do grupo monoespecifico A. caraya em relacao ao grupo A. seniculus.

  • molecular phylogeny of ateline new world monkeys platyrrhini atelinae based on gamma globin gene sequences evidence that brachyteles is the sister group of lagothrix
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1999
    Co-Authors: John Czelusniak, Carla Maria Meireles, Maria P C Schneider, Jose Augusto Pereira Carneiro Muniz, Maria Do Carmo De Oliveira Brigido
    Abstract:

    Abstract Nucleotide sequences, each spanning ∼7 kb of the contiguous γ1and γ2globin genomic loci, were determined for seven species representing all extant genera (Ateles, Lagothrix, Brachyteles,andAlouatta) of the New World monkey subfamily Atelinae. After aligning these seven ateline sequences with outgroup sequences from several other primate (non-ateline) genera, they were analyzed by maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and neighbor-joining algorithms. All three analyzes estimated the same phylogenetic relationships: {Alouatta[Ateles(Brachyteles, Lagothrix)]}.BrachytelesandLagothrixare sister-groups supported by 100% of bootstrap replications in the parsimony analyses.Atelesjoins this clade, followed by the basal genusAlouatta;these joinings were strongly supported, again with 100% bootstrap values. This cladistic pattern for the four ateline genera is congruent with that obtained in previous studies utilizing ϵ-globin, IRBP, and G6PD nuclear genomic sequences as well as mitochondrial COII sequences. Because the number of aligned nucleotide positions is much larger in the present dataset than in any of these other datasets, much stronger support was obtained for the cladistic classification that divides subfamily Atelinae into tribes Alouattini (Alouatta) and Atelini, while the latter divides into subtribes Atelina (Ateles) and Brachytelina (BrachytelesandLagothrix).

  • Molecular phylogeny of the New World monkeys (Platyrrhini, primates) based on two unlinked nuclear genes: IRBP intron 1 and epsilon-globin sequences.
    American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 1996
    Co-Authors: Harald Schneider, M.l. Harada, C. M. L. Barroso, Iracilda Sampaio, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, John Czelusniak
    Abstract:

    Nuclear sequences of the 1.8 kilobase (kb) long intron 1 of the interstitial retinol-binding protein gene (IRBP), previously determined for 11 of the 16 extant genera of New World monkeys (superfamily Ceboidea, infraorder Platyrrhini), have now been determined for the remaining 5 genera. The maximum parsimony trees found, first with IRBP sequences alone and then with tandemly combined IRBP and ϵ-globin gene sequences from the same species, supported a provisional cladistic classification with the following clusters. Subtribes Callitrichina (Callithrix, Cebuella), Callimiconina (Callimico), Leontopithecina (Leontopithecus) and Saguina (Saguinus) constitute subfamily Callitrichinae, and subfamilies Callitrichinae, Aotinae (Aotus), and Cebinae (Cebus, Saimiri) constitute family Cebidae. Subtribes Chiropotina (Chiropotes, Cacajao) and Pitheciina (Pithecia) constitute tribe Pitheciini; and tribes Pitheciini and Callicebini (Callicebus) constitute subfamily Pitheciinae. Subtribes Brachytelina (Brachyteles, Lagothrix) and Atelina (Ateles) constitute tribe Atelini, and tribes Atelini and Alouattini (Alouatta) constitute subfamily Atelinae. The parsimony results were equivocal as to whether Pitheciinae should be grouped with Atelinae in family Atelidae or have its own family Pitheciidae. The cladistic groupings of extant ceboids were also examined by different stochastic evolutionary models that employed the same stochastic process of nucleotide substitutions but alternative putative phylogenetic trees on which the nucleotide substitutions occurred. Each model, i.e., each different tree, predicted a different multinomial distribution of nucleotide character patterns for the contemporary sequences. The predicted distributions that were closest to the actual observed distributions identified the best fitting trees. The cladistic relationships depicted in these best fitting trees agreed in almost all cases with those depicted in the maximum parsimony trees. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

  • Fate of a redundant gamma-globin gene in the atelid clade of New World monkeys: implications concerning fetal globin gene expression.
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 1995
    Co-Authors: Carla Meireles, Horacio Schneider, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, Maria I. C. Sampaio, Jerry L. Slightom, Chi Hua Chiu, Kathy Neiswanger, Deborah L. Gumucio, John Czelusniak
    Abstract:

    Abstract Conclusive evidence was provided that gamma 1, the upstream of the two linked simian gamma-globin loci (5'-gamma 1-gamma 2-3'), is a pseudogene in a major group of New World monkeys. Sequence analysis of PCR-amplified genomic fragments of predicted sizes revealed that all extant genera of the platyrrhine family Atelidae [Lagothrix (woolly monkeys), Brachyteles (woolly spider monkeys), Ateles (spider monkeys), and Alouatta (howler monkeys)] share a large deletion that removed most of exon 2, all of intron 2 and exon 3, and much of the 3' flanking sequence of gamma 1. The fact that two functional gamma-globin genes were not present in early ancestors of the Atelidae (and that gamma 1 was the dispensible gene) suggests that for much or even all of their evolution, platyrrhines have had gamma 2 as the primary fetally expressed gamma-globin gene, in contrast to catarrhines (e.g., humans and chimpanzees) that have gamma 1 as the primary fetally expressed gamma-globin gene. Results from promoter sequences further suggest that all three platyrrhine families (Atelidae, Cebidae, and Pitheciidae) have gamma 2 rather than gamma 1 as their primary fetally expressed gamma-globin gene. The implications of this suggestion were explored in terms of how gene redundancy, regulatory mutations, and distance of each gamma-globin gene from the locus control region were possibly involved in the acquisition and maintenance of fetal, rather than embryonic, expression.

  • Molecular Phylogeny of the New World Monkeys (Platyrrhini, Primates)
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 1993
    Co-Authors: Harald Schneider, M.l. Harada, Iracilda Sampaio, Maria Paula Cruz Schneider, John Czelusniak
    Abstract:

    Abstract Phylogenetic relationships among the 16 extant genera of Ceboidea (the New World monkeys) were examined using aligned ϵ-globin gene sequences from 19 New World monkeys (representing all 16 extant ceboid genera), and seven catarrhines (one Old World monkey and six hominoids) and tarsier as the outgroups. The consensus maximum parsimony tree found for these ϵ-globin sequences and the levels of support from parsimony and bootstrap analyses, for the clades in this tree, provided strong evidence for a cladistic classification with the following clusters. Subtribes Callitrichina ( Callithrix , Cebuella ), Callimiconina ( Callimico ), Leontopithecina ( Leontopithecus ), and Saguina ( Saguinus ) constitute subfamily Callitrichinae, and subfamilies Callitrichinae, Aotinae (Aotus), Saimiriinae ( Saimiri ), and Cebinae ( Cebus ) constitute family Cebidae. In turn, subtribes Chiropotina ( Chiropotes , Cacajao ) and Pitheciina ( Pithecia ) constitute tribe Pithecini, tribes Pitheciini and Callicebini ( Callicebus ) constitute subfamily Pitheciinae, tribes Atelini (Brachyteles, Lagothrix, Ateles) and Alouattini ( Alouatta ) constitute subfamily Atelinae, and subfamilies Pitheciinae and Atelinae constitute family Atelidae. The two families (Cebidae and Atelidae) constitute the Ceboidea, the only extant superfamily of infraorder Platyrrhini. The sister-group relationships of Brachyteles and Lagothrix , Saguinus and Leontopithecus , and Callimico with a Cebuella / Callithrix clade is not as well supported by the parsimony and bootstrap analyses. Therefore, these relationships are not incorporated in the proposed cladistic classification. On determining branch lengths for the ceboid phylogenetic tree from only the more freely evolving noncoding sequences at the ϵ-globin locus and taking the reference age of 35 million years ago (MYA) for the New World monkey-catarrhine branch point, we estimated the age of the atelid-cebid branch point as about 20 MYA, and the ages of the next branch points, those between the sub-families in each family, as 19-16 MYA.

Hudson Alves Pinto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Francisco Carlos Ferreira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Marta Adami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • anatomia do plexo braquial de macaco barrigudo lagothrix lagothricha
    Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira, 2010
    Co-Authors: Gessica Ariane De Melo Cruz, Marta Adami
    Abstract:

    The woolly-monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha) is an antropoid belonging to the Atelidae Family which includes the largest neotropical primates. A female cadaver woolly-monkey was fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution and dissected using a stereoscopic magnifying glass and photodocumented. The brachial plexus originated from the spinal nerves C5 to C8 and T1, forming the cranial, medium, and caudal stems, from which derived the peripheral nerves; those nerves had similar origin and innervation area when compared to plexuses from other primates, with the exception of the musculocutaneous nerve that crossed the coracobraquial muscle. Data from studies with brachial plexus from primates allow the access to valuable information regarding the morphology of those animals, and could also assist in the establishment of anatomical parameters among species, which could then contribute to anesthetic procedures and injury treatments.

  • Anatomia do plexo braquial de macaco-barrigudo (Lagothrix lagothricha) Anatomy of the brachial plexus of the Woolly-Monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha.)
    Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal (CBPA), 2010
    Co-Authors: Gessica Ariane M Cruz, Marta Adami
    Abstract:

    O macaco-barrigudo (Lagothrix lagothricha) é um antropóide pertencente à Família Atelidae que possui os maiores primatas neotropicais. Um cadáver fêmea de macaco-barrigudo foi fixado com solução de formaldeído a 10%, posteriormente dissecado com o auxílio de lupa estereoscópica e fotodocumentado. O plexo braquial originou-se dos nervos espinhais C5 a C8 e T1, formando os troncos cranial, médio e caudal, dos quais derivaram os nervos periféricos que se assemelharam na origem e no território de inervação com os plexos de outros primatas, com exceção do nervo musculocutâneo que atravessou o músculo coracobraquial. Pesquisas sobre o plexo braquial de primatas fornecem dados que disponibilizam o acesso a informações valiosas sobre a morfologia destes animais e auxiliam no estabelecimento de parâmetros anatômicos entre as espécies, contribuindo também no tratamento de injúrias e procedimentos anestésicos.The woolly-monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha) is an antropoid belonging to the Atelidae Family which includes the largest neotropical primates. A female cadaver woolly-monkey was fixed in a 10% formaldehyde solution and dissected using a stereoscopic magnifying glass and photodocumented. The brachial plexus originated from the spinal nerves C5 to C8 and T1, forming the cranial, medium, and caudal stems, from which derived the peripheral nerves; those nerves had similar origin and innervation area when compared to plexuses from other primates, with the exception of the musculocutaneous nerve that crossed the coracobraquial muscle. Data from studies with brachial plexus from primates allow the access to valuable information regarding the morphology of those animals, and could also assist in the establishment of anatomical parameters among species, which could then contribute to anesthetic procedures and injury treatments