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  • Oxidative metabolism altered by plant growth regulators in atemoia seeds (Annona x Atemoya Mabb.) ‘Thompson’
    Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2021
    Co-Authors: Ana Paula Yuki Hata, Gisela Ferreira, Marília Caixeta Sousa, Breno Kennedy Lima Bezerra, Camila Kissmann
    Abstract:

    Abstract The objective of this work was to validate the enzymatic activity in Annona x Atemoyaseeds submitted to treatments with plant growth regulators belonging to the group of gibberellins and cytokinins for overcoming dormancy during the germination process. Initially, the water acquisition curve was determined, where two points of phase II (72 and 144 hours) were determined to evaluate the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes in Atemoya seeds after the application of two plant growth regulators. Treatments with GA resulted in higher activity of SOD enzyme, which may be favored the higher germination percentage and speed in comparison to control treatment. In cases in which SOD enzyme presented high activity, other enzymes showed the opposite, which indicates the predominantly production of superoxides during this period. The POD enzyme also has activity in seeds treated with gibberellin, which suggests interaction of ROS with GA in the process of dormancy overcoming. Treatments with cytokinin and cytokinin + gibberellin resulted in germination percentage similar to control and no activity pattern of SOD, POD and CAT enzymes that could be correlated with germination metabolism was observed.

  • Vegetal regulators increase the quality of Atemoya fruits and recover the photosynthetic metabolism of stressed plants
    Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tamara Prado Verotti, Gisela Ferreira, Felipe Girotto Campos, Caroline Genari Oliveira, Nathália Souza Parreiras, Fabrício Custódio Moura Gonçalves, Carla Verônica Corrêa, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro
    Abstract:

    Vegetal regulators such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin were applied in different concentrations, through commercial mix, to “Thompson” variety of Atemoya fruits to verify the effect of the regulators in the quality of healthy plants of Atemoya fruit and its influence in the gas exchange of the stressed plants. The study was conducted with two experiments: the first experiment consisted in the application of the mix of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin with concentrations of 0, 200, 300, 400, and 600 mL ha^−1, during 14 days, for 5 months, in commercial orchard and in healthy plants. There were evaluated length, diameter, fresh mass of the peel, fresh mass of the pulp, and total fresh mass; fruits’ volume, soluble solids and pH of the pulp, and number and fresh mass of the seeds. In the second experiment, the application of the regulators’ mix in the concentrations that resulted in better quality of the fruits such as 300 and 400 mL ha^−1 was conducted in stressed plants to evaluate the recovery of the photosynthetic metabolism and of the physical–chemical quality of the fruits. In this experiment, the control treatment (without application of the mix) was conducted in the plants with good visual conditions and highest numbers of greener leaves, smaller leaves and yellowish leaves. The gas exchanges were conducted every 14 days, and when the fruits ripened, they were harvested for the measurement of ascorbic acid, soluble sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, and starch. The concentrations of the mix of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin such as 300 and 400 mL ha^−1 improved the quality of the fruits and recovered the gas exchange of stressed plants without modifying the physical–chemical characteristics of its fruits, setting itself as an agricultural practice that is beneficial for the Atemoya fruit cultivation.

  • Optimum Sample Size in the Germination of Atemoya Seeds (Annona× Atemoya Mabb.)
    Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Rafaela Lanças Gomes, Juliana Iassia Gimenez, Marília Caixeta Sousa, José Raimundo De Souza Passos, Mariana De Fatima De-pieri-oliveira, Carolina Ovile Mimi, Gisela Ferreira
    Abstract:

    Atemoya currently has its seeds studied in several aspects, from the technological and physiological point of view. However, for the performance of the germination test, there is no standardization in relation to the number of seeds and replicates. Thus, this work aims to determine the optimal sample size for germination tests with Atemoya seeds. A germination test was carried out with 5 treatments, considering 10, 20, 30 40 and 50 seeds per sampling unit with 50 replicates of each. Data were analyzed using logistic regression, non-linear Gompertz regression models, bootstrap simulation and graphs in the form of contour lines in order to be able to infer the best binomial of the number of seeds per sampling unit and the number of replicates. The expected germination percentage, maximum germination speed and times for the beginning of the germination process, maximum germination speed and interruption of the germination process were determined. The treatment of 20 seeds per sampling unit statistically differs from that of 40 seeds by the Tukey-Kramer test with 5% significance. It could be concluded that for germination tests with Atemoya seeds to have statistical validity, the smallest sample size is 10 seeds per unit, regardless of number of replicates.

  • Profile of Essential Oils From the Leaves of Annona Grafted
    Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Felipe Girotto Campos, Gisela Ferreira, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira, Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques, Daniel Baron, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro
    Abstract:

    Mechanical damage, during grafting, results in the formation of reactive oxygen species, which are neutralized by the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems which may influence the essential oil composition of grafts and rootstocks because of the formation of oxygenated terpenes, substances with higher reactivity against pathogens. Various studies have demonstrated the biological activity of Annonaceae and the important pharmacological potential of the substances produced by the genus Annona. Thus, we studied the essential oils of leaves collected from the graft (Annona × Atemoya) and lateral budding from the rootstock (Annona emarginata), in the same individual, in order to characterize chemical profile. The extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation and separation, quantification and identification of the substances were performed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. Chemical profiles of essential oils were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA). Annona × Atemoya and Annona emarginata presented chemical profiles of essential oil with specific substances. Some substances are common in oils of both species. Germacrene D is predominant in Annona × Atemoya and α and β-selinene, β-elemene and spathulenol occurred in Annona emarginata. Our results suggest that the profile of such essential oil may be another indicator for the success of the combination of these two species.

  • Abscysic acid and compatibility of Atemoya (Annona x Atemoya Mabb.) grafted onto native species
    Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 2018
    Co-Authors: Daniel Baron, Juliana Iassia Gimenez, Gisela Ferreira
    Abstract:

    Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar, Nat Sci Ctr CCN, Lab Plant Physiol & Biochem, Lagoa Sino Campus, Buri, SP, Brazil

André Cavé - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Vegetal regulators increase the quality of Atemoya fruits and recover the photosynthetic metabolism of stressed plants
    Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 2019
    Co-Authors: Tamara Prado Verotti, Gisela Ferreira, Felipe Girotto Campos, Caroline Genari Oliveira, Nathália Souza Parreiras, Fabrício Custódio Moura Gonçalves, Carla Verônica Corrêa, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro
    Abstract:

    Vegetal regulators such as auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin were applied in different concentrations, through commercial mix, to “Thompson” variety of Atemoya fruits to verify the effect of the regulators in the quality of healthy plants of Atemoya fruit and its influence in the gas exchange of the stressed plants. The study was conducted with two experiments: the first experiment consisted in the application of the mix of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin with concentrations of 0, 200, 300, 400, and 600 mL ha^−1, during 14 days, for 5 months, in commercial orchard and in healthy plants. There were evaluated length, diameter, fresh mass of the peel, fresh mass of the pulp, and total fresh mass; fruits’ volume, soluble solids and pH of the pulp, and number and fresh mass of the seeds. In the second experiment, the application of the regulators’ mix in the concentrations that resulted in better quality of the fruits such as 300 and 400 mL ha^−1 was conducted in stressed plants to evaluate the recovery of the photosynthetic metabolism and of the physical–chemical quality of the fruits. In this experiment, the control treatment (without application of the mix) was conducted in the plants with good visual conditions and highest numbers of greener leaves, smaller leaves and yellowish leaves. The gas exchanges were conducted every 14 days, and when the fruits ripened, they were harvested for the measurement of ascorbic acid, soluble sugars, reducing sugars, sucrose, and starch. The concentrations of the mix of auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin such as 300 and 400 mL ha^−1 improved the quality of the fruits and recovered the gas exchange of stressed plants without modifying the physical–chemical characteristics of its fruits, setting itself as an agricultural practice that is beneficial for the Atemoya fruit cultivation.

  • Chemical Diversity of Volatiles From Parents, Rootstock and Atemoya Hybrid
    Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Felipe Girotto Campos, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira, Alessandra A. Dos Santos, Letícia Galhardo Jorge, Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro
    Abstract:

    Hybridization promotes the transfer of genetic material from parental species to the hybrid, which can be closely related to one of its parental species or present new features that provide them higher competitivity concerning other chemical phenotype comparing to its parents. On the other hand, grafting technique, in which occurs the combination between two species, also may lead to changes in the volatile profile of terpenes at the grafted plant. The objective of this research was to characterize the chemical profile of volatile compounds in leaves of Atemoya hybrid (Annona × Atemoya) (Mobb.), its male and female parents (Annona squamosa Mill. and Annona cherimola L.), as well as its common rootstock (Annona emarginata (Schltdl.) H. Rainer var. “Terra-fria”). Leaf samples from Atemoya, its parents and the rootstock were collected in Sao Bento do Sapucai and Santa Fe do Sul, Sao Paulo state, Brazil. Volatile substances were obtained by microextraction solid phase (SPME). Chemical profile of volatile compounds was determined and identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Atemoya hybrid presented substances also found in both parents and rootstock, with a variation on the relative percentage of compounds. Such variation allowed to form three clusters, where I was comprised by the hybrid, II comprised by A. cherimola, and the latter, III, grouping the rootstock and the male parent. We concluded that hybridization and grafting influence production of terpenes in Atemoya hybrid (Annona × Atemoya).

  • Profile of Essential Oils From the Leaves of Annona Grafted
    Journal of Agricultural Science, 2019
    Co-Authors: Felipe Girotto Campos, Gisela Ferreira, Maria Aparecida Ribeiro Vieira, Marcia Ortiz Mayo Marques, Daniel Baron, Carmen Sílvia Fernandes Boaro
    Abstract:

    Mechanical damage, during grafting, results in the formation of reactive oxygen species, which are neutralized by the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems which may influence the essential oil composition of grafts and rootstocks because of the formation of oxygenated terpenes, substances with higher reactivity against pathogens. Various studies have demonstrated the biological activity of Annonaceae and the important pharmacological potential of the substances produced by the genus Annona. Thus, we studied the essential oils of leaves collected from the graft (Annona × Atemoya) and lateral budding from the rootstock (Annona emarginata), in the same individual, in order to characterize chemical profile. The extraction was carried out by hydrodistillation and separation, quantification and identification of the substances were performed by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer. Chemical profiles of essential oils were evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA). Annona × Atemoya and Annona emarginata presented chemical profiles of essential oil with specific substances. Some substances are common in oils of both species. Germacrene D is predominant in Annona × Atemoya and α and β-selinene, β-elemene and spathulenol occurred in Annona emarginata. Our results suggest that the profile of such essential oil may be another indicator for the success of the combination of these two species.

Philippe Duret - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jonathan H. Crane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Gibberellic acid combined with hand pollination increases ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple fruit quality and produced parthenocarpic ‘Gefner’ Atemoya fruits
    Ciência Rural, 2019
    Co-Authors: Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira, Silvia Nietsche, Jonathan H. Crane, Wanda Montas, Célia Lúcia Siqueira, Josiele S. Rocha
    Abstract:

    EnglishThe present research aimed to evaluate the effect of applying gibberellic acid (GA3) with hand (HP) or natural pollination (NP) on fruit set and the fruit quality of ‘Red’ and ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple and ‘Gefner’ Atemoya fruits.This study was performed in an experimental orchard located in Homestead, Florida, USA. The experimental design included randomized blocks, with eight treatments, four replicates and four plants per plot. Treatments included: (1) HP; (2) HP + 10 mg L-1 GA3; (3) HP + 100 mg L-1 GA3 ; (4) HP + 1,000 mg L-1 GA3;(5) NP; (6) NP + 10 mg L-1 GA3; (7) NP + 100 mg L-1 GA3 and (8) NP + 1,000 mg L-1 GA3. The HP plus 1,000 mg L-1 GA3promoted fruit setting above 90% over the 14 weeks for all genotypes evaluated. Significant increments for length and total fruit weight were observed. ‘Red’ sugar apple and Atemoya had a reduced number of seeds per fruit. The NP plus GA3 (1,000 mg L-1) was effective in producing high quality seedless ‘Gefner’ Atemoya fruits. This investigationdemonstratedthat GA3 plus hand pollination produced high quality sugar apple and Atemoya seeded fruits and in association with natural pollination promoted seedless ‘Gefner’Atemoya fruits. portuguesO presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da aplicacao de acido giberelico (GA3) associado com e sem polinizacaoartificial, no pegamento e na qualidade de frutos das pinheiras ‘Red’ e ‘Lessard Thai’ e da atemoieira‘Gefner’. O experimento foi realizadoem pomar localizado em Homestead, EUA. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com oito tratamentos, quatro repeticoese quatro plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos utilizados neste experimento foram: 1) Polinizacao Artificial (PA); 2) PA + 10 mg L-1 GA3 ; 3) PA+ 100 mg L-1 GA3; 4) PA + 1000 mg L-1 GA3; 5) Polinizacao natural (PN); 6) PN + 10 mg L-1 GA3; 7) PN + 100 mg L-1 GA3; e 8) PN + 1000mg L-1 GA3. A PA combinada com a concentracao de 1000 mg L-1 de GA3 promoveu o estabelecimento de frutos acima de 90% durante as 14 semanas de avaliacao para todos os genotipos avaliados. Incrementos significativos para o comprimento e peso dos frutos tambem foram observados a variedade de pinha “Red” e a atemoia, em que apresentaram reducao no numero total de sementes.A PN em associacao com GA3 (1000 mg L-1) foi eficaz na producao de frutos sem sementes de alta qualidade em atemoia ‘Gefner. Estes dados mostram que o GA3 , combinadocom a polinizacao manual, produziu frutos com semente de alta qualidade e, em associacao com a polinizacao natural, promoveu frutos sem sementes em atemoia ‘Gefner’.

  • effects of storage length and flowering stage of pollen influence its viability fruit set and fruit quality in red and lessard thai sugar apple annona squamosa and gefner Atemoya a cherimola a squamosa
    Scientia Horticulturae, 2014
    Co-Authors: Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira, Silvia Nietsche, Jonathan H. Crane, Wanda Montas, Wagner A Vendrame
    Abstract:

    Abstract The fruit set of commercial Annonaceae pollinated by natural pollinators is generally insufficient to produce commercially acceptable yields. In addition, several studies have reported that both the pollen source and age affect the potential percent fruit set of sugar apple and Atemoya. Annona flowers are hermaphrodite; however, the female part mature before the male, which is known as dichogamy of the protogynous type. The objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of pollen storage duration on pollen viability; the percent fruit set by hand pollination of ‘Red’ sugar apple, ‘Lessard Thai’ green sugar apple and ‘Gefner’ Atemoya; and resulting fruit characteristics as a result of pollen source in South Florida. Hand pollination and in vitro pollen germination tests were arranged in a 3 × 5 factorial design, with three cultivars, five treatments, and five replicates per treatment. The percentage of in vitro pollen germination was the highest for ‘Red’ sugar apple pollen (26.5%) collected from male stage flowers and for pollen collected from female stage flowers collected late afternoon and germinated 18 h later (23%). Percent pollen germination was higher for ‘Lessard Thai’ (∼33%) than for ‘Red’ sugar apple and pollen storage for up to 24 h was not significantly different than male stage pollen used immediately and pollen collected from female stage flowers and used 18 h later. ‘Gefner’ Atemoya pollen did not germinate when pollen grains were collected from male stage flowers and when using female stage flowers collected late afternoon and stored for 72 h. Fruit set and fruit quality varied significantly as a result of pollen storage treatments. Hand pollination promoted high percentages of fruit set, greater than 80% when female stage flowers were collected late afternoon and hand pollination performed 18 h after collection. Fruit harvested as a result of the various pollen storage treatments varied significantly in weight, diameter, and the number of seeds per fruit. The pollen from ‘Lessard Thai’ sugar apple and ‘Gefner’ Atemoya may be stored up to 24 and 48 h, respectively.

  • Influence of Flooding on Net CO2Assimilation, Growth and Stem Anatomy of Annona Species
    Annals of Botany, 1999
    Co-Authors: Roberto Núñez-elisea, Bruce Schaffer, Jack B. Fisher, Angel M. Colls, Jonathan H. Crane
    Abstract:

    Abstract A series of experiments was conducted to assess net CO2assimilation and growth responses to waterlogging of grafted and seedling trees in the genus Annona. Seedlings of A. glabra, A. muricata andA. squamosa L., and scions of ‘Gefner’ Atemoya (A. squamosa×A. cherimola Mill.), ‘49-11’ (‘Gefner’ Atemoya×A. reticulata L.), ‘4-5’ (‘Priestley’ Atemoya×A. reticulata), A. reticulata grafted onto either A. glabra, A. reticulata orA. squamosa rootstocks were flooded for up to 60 d. Soil anaerobiosis occurred on the third day of flooding. Seedlings ofA. glabra and A. muricata, and the scions ‘49-11’, ‘Gefner’ Atemoya, and A. reticulata grafted onto A. glabra rootstock were considered flood tolerant based on their ability to survive and grow in flooded conditions. Scions of the normally flood-sensitive A. reticulata, ‘Gefner’ Atemoya, and ‘49-11’ tolerated root waterlogging when grafted onto the flood-tolerant species, A. glabra. In contrast, flooding of A. squamosa seedlings and rootstocks, and A. reticulata rootstocks greatly reduced growth and net CO2assimilation rates, and resulted in 20–80% tree mortality. Stem anatomical responses to long-term flooding (12 continuous months) were assessed in seedlings of A. glabra and A. muricata, and trees of ‘49-11’ grafted onto A. glabra. Flooded trees developed hypertrophied stem lenticels, particularly in A. glabra, and enlarged xylem cells resulting in thicker stems with reduced xylem density. Flooding did not increase air spaces in pre-existing xylem near the pith or in xylem tissue that was formed during flooding. Thus, flood tolerance did not involve aerenchyma formation in the stem.

  • 670 Long-term Impacts and Recovery of Perennial Tropical Fruit Crops from Hurricanes in South Florida
    HortScience, 1999
    Co-Authors: Jonathan H. Crane, Bruce Schaffer, Richard J. Campbell
    Abstract:

    Southern Florida has experienced numerous hurricanes, of which Hurricane Andrew was the most recent. Six years after this storm, nearly one-third of the 8093 ha of tropical fruit that existed in Miami–Dade County before the storm has never been replanted. The damage, reaction, and recovery from the storm varied among fruit species. The effect of heat stress and high light intensity was minimal on avocado, `Tahiti' lime, carambola, mamey sapote, guava, sapodilla, and longan. In contrast, mango trees experienced severe heat stress. Root damage caused by toppling and subsequent re-setting of sugar apple, Atemoya, mango, and grafted `Tahiti' lime trees was severe; thus, trees not re-set were less likely to recover than trees left toppled or leaning. The extent and rate of recovery from hurricane-related wind stress also varied among species. Avocado, carambola, guava, and longan refoliated within 3 to 4 weeks after Hurricane Andrew. In contrast, mango, sugar apple, and Atemoya trees went through two or more cycles of refoliating and dying back until tree death occurred. Iron and nitrogen deficiencies were common for mango, sugar apple, Atemoya, and guava. Other consequences of hurricanes in south Florida include increased weed and vine growth and increased susceptibility to drought stress and insect infestations. Recovery to prehurricane crop production levels has varied among crops. For example, avocado and carambola production is near and exceeds pre-1992 levels, respectively. In contrast, `Tahiti' lime and mango production are about 20% pre-1992 levels. The long-term effect of the most recent hurricane on fruit production in south Florida has been a change in the crop species and/or cultivars planted.

  • Increasing Scaffold Branch Angle of Atemoya by Manipulation of the Primary Bud Complex
    Hortscience, 1994
    Co-Authors: Thomas E. Marler, Jonathan H. Crane
    Abstract:

    Lateral branches arising from the primary bud complexs on limbs of containerized 'Gefner' Atemoya (Annona squamosa L. × A. cherimola Mill.) plants were removed to determine the influence of branch regrowth on the crotch angle. Pruning the lateral branches to a stub (