The Experts below are selected from a list of 196962 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ji Hoe Heo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plasma osteoprotegerin levels increase with the severity of cerebral artery Atherosclerosis
Clinical Biochemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Jinkwon Kim, Tae Jin Song, Hye Sun Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Hyo Suk Nam, Young Dae Kim, Seung Hee Yang, Ok Hee Lee, Eun Hee Kim, Ji Hoe HeoAbstract:Abstract Objectives Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and suggested as a marker of Atherosclerosis. We investigated whether plasma OPG levels were associated with the presence and severity of cerebral Atherosclerosis. Design and methods We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure the plasma OPG levels of 107 patients with acute cerebral infarction. We compared the plasma OPG levels according to the presence and number of arteries with cerebral Atherosclerosis (≥ 50% stenosis). Results Of 107 patients, 73 (68.2%) had cerebral Atherosclerosis. OPG levels were increased in patients with cerebral Atherosclerosis (374.69 ± 206.48 vs 261.17 ± 166.91 pg/mL, p = 0.006). OPG levels showed positive correlation with the number of cerebral arteries with Atherosclerosis (Spearman's rho = 0.342, p 229.9 pg/mL was independently associated with the presence [OR 4.61, 95% CI 1.57–13.55, p = 0.005, binary logistic regression] of cerebral Atherosclerosis and number [OR 3.20, 95% CI 1.26–8.12, p = 0.014, ordinal logistic regression] of arteries with cerebral Atherosclerosis. Conclusions Plasma OPG levels were significantly associated with the presence and severity of cerebral Atherosclerosis. This finding suggests that plasma OPG might have a role in cerebral Atherosclerosis.
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the association between cerebral Atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness in acute ischemic stroke
Atherosclerosis, 2011Co-Authors: Jinkwon Kim, Hye Sun Lee, Chung Mo Nam, Hyo Suk Nam, Young Dae Kim, Myoung Jin Cha, Dong Hyun Lee, Ji Hoe HeoAbstract:Abstract Objective Arterial stiffness is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and Atherosclerosis. Measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV) is one of the most representative and noninvasive techniques for assessing arterial stiffness. We investigated the association of cerebral Atherosclerosis with brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) in acute ischemic stroke patients. If present, we sought to determine whether the relationship differed between Atherosclerosis in the intracranial artery and Atherosclerosis in the extracranial artery. Methods We included 801 patients with acute ischemic stroke who had undergone angiographic study and baPWV measurement between January 2007 and May 2010. Patients with cerebral artery Atherosclerosis were categorized into those with intracranial Atherosclerosis, those with extracranial Atherosclerosis and those with both intracranial and extracranial Atherosclerosis. We determined factors that were associated with baPWV. Results Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that high baPWV was significantly associated with older age, lower body mass index, higher brachial systolic pressure, and diabetes mellitus. Increased baPWV was associated with the presence of Atherosclerosis (≥50% stenosis) in the intracranial cerebral artery as well as in both the intracranial and extracranial arteries, but not with Atherosclerosis in the extracranial cerebral artery. The burden of intracranial cerebral Atherosclerosis, which was assessed based on the number of arteries with Atherosclerosis, was also closely associated with baPWV. Conclusion Arterial stiffness was associated with the presence and burden of intracranial cerebral Atherosclerosis in stroke patients, but was not associated with the extracranial cerebral Atherosclerosis. These findings suggest a potential pathophysiological association between increased arterial stiffness and intracranial cerebral Atherosclerosis.
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increasing frequency and burden of cerebral artery Atherosclerosis in korean stroke patients
Yonsei Medical Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Young Dae Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Hyo Suk Nam, Myoung Jin Cha, Hyeyeon Choi, Hyun Ji Cho, Sang Won Han, Ji Hoe HeoAbstract:Purpose: Koreans have been undergoing rapid lifestyle changes that may have an effect on patterns of cerebral artery Atherosclerosis. This study was aimed at determining the frequency and distribution of Atherosclerosis in the cerebral arteries and associated temporal changes over the past eight-year period among Korean stroke patients. Materials and Methods: By using stroke registry data registered between April 1999 and March 2007, we investigated the presence, severity, and location of cerebral artery Atherosclerosis as determined by angiographic findings. Their annual patterns and association with vascular risk factors were investigated. Results: Of 1,955 patients, 1,517 patients (77.6%) demonstrated Atherosclerosis in one or more arteries. A significantly increasing trend of Atherosclerosis was observed during the past eight years, which was ascribed to an increase of combined extracranial (EC) and intracranial (IC) Atherosclerosis. The number of atherosclerotic arteries increased as the number of risk factors increased. In the multivariate analysis, the year and vascular risk factors were independent predictors of the presence of Atherosclerosis. Conclusion: We found that the atherosclerotic burden has been increasing for the past eight years in Korean stroke patients, particularly the combined EC and IC subtype. Lifestyle changes and increase in vascular risk factors may be contributing factors.
Weiping Jia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the combination of carotid and lower extremity ultrasonography increases the detection of Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients
Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 2012Co-Authors: Jiaan Zhu, Fang Liu, Feng Zhang, Yuqian Bao, Weiping JiaAbstract:article i nfo Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of Atherosclerosis detected by both carotid and lower extremity ultrasonography in hospitalized Chinese type 2 diabetic patients and to examine whether plaque formation in the carotid arteries could be an indicator of generalized Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Totally, 709 hospitalized Chinese type 2 diabetic patients (men 357, women 352) aged from 18 to 88 years were included. Both carotid and lower extremity Atherosclerosis were assessed by Doppler ultrasound. Atherosclerosis was defined as the presence of either the carotid or lower extremity plaque in any of the above-mentioned arteries segments. The prevalence of Atherosclerosis was calculated, and the risk factors associated with Atherosclerosis were evaluated using binary logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of Atherosclerosis was 81.23% in male and 77.56% in female type 2 diabetic patients, respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Atherosclerosis in patients between the sexes. The prevalence of Atherosclerosis was significantly higher in the lower extremity arteries than in the carotid arteries (73.91% and 44.43%, respectively, Pb.001). Atherosclerosis was significantly associated with smoking, age, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total number of white blood cells, and mean carotid and femoral intima-media thickness (IMT). Conclusions: The prevalence of Atherosclerosis was very high in Chinese inpatients with type 2 diabetes. Carotid Atherosclerosis could not be an indicator of generalized Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. The combination of carotid and lower extremity ultrasound examination can significantly improve the detection of Atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes.
Elena Galkina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vascular adhesion molecules in Atherosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2007Co-Authors: Elena GalkinaAbstract:Numerous reports document the role of vascular adhesion molecules in the development and progression of Atherosclerosis. Recent novel findings in the field of adhesion molecules require an updated summary of current research. In this review, we highlight the role of vascular adhesion molecules including selectins, vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, intercellular adhesion molecule1 (ICAM-1), PECAM-1, JAMs, and connexins in Atherosclerosis. The immune system is important in Atherosclerosis, and significant efforts are under way to understand the vascular adhesion molecule–dependent mechanisms of immune cell trafficking into healthy and Atherosclerosis-prone arterial walls. This review focuses on the role of vascular adhesion molecules in the regulation of immune cell homing during Atherosclerosis and discusses future directions that will lead to better understanding of this disease.
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cxcr6 promotes Atherosclerosis by supporting t cell homing interferon γ production and macrophage accumulation in the aortic wall
Circulation, 2007Co-Authors: Elena Galkina, Brian L Harry, Andreas Ludwig, Elisa A Liehn, John M Sanders, Anthony C Bruce, Christian Weber, Klaus LeyAbstract:Background— T lymphocytes are thought to be important in Atherosclerosis, but very little is known about the mechanisms of lymphocyte recruitment into Atherosclerosis-prone aortas. In this study we tested the hypothesis that CXCR6, a chemokine receptor that is expressed on a subset of CD4+ T helper 1 cells and natural killer T cells, is involved in lymphocyte homing into the aortic wall and modulates the development and progression of Atherosclerosis. Methods and Results— To investigate the role of CXCR6 in the development and progression of Atherosclerosis, we bred CXCR6-deficient (CXCR6GFP/GFP) mice with apolipoprotein E–deficient (ApoE−/−) mice. We found that CXCR6GFP/GFP/ApoE−/− mice fed a Western diet for 17 weeks or a chow diet for 56 weeks had decreased Atherosclerosis compared with ApoE−/− controls. Flow cytometry analysis of the aortas from CXCR6GFP/GFP/ApoE−/− mice showed that the reduction of Atherosclerosis was accompanied by a decreased percentage of CXCR6+ T cells within the aortas. Short-te...
Bjarne K Jacobsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Atherosclerosis in abdominal aortic aneurysms a causal event or a process running in parallel the tromso study
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Stein Harald Johnsen, Signe Helene Forsdahl, Kulbir Singh, Bjarne K JacobsenAbstract:Objective— The pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation is poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between carotid, femoral, and coronary Atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic diameter, and whether Atherosclerosis was a risk marker for AAA. Methods and Results— Ultrasound of the right carotid artery, the common femoral artery, and the abdominal aorta was performed in 6446 men and women from a general population. The burden of Atherosclerosis was assessed as carotid total plaque area, common femoral lumen diameter, and self-reported coronary heart disease. An AAA was defined as maximal infrarenal aortic diameter ≥30 mm. No dose-response relationship was found between carotid Atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic diameter <27 mm. However, significantly more Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease was found in aortic diameter ≥27 mm and in AAAs. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% CI) for AAA in the top total plaque area quintile was 2.3 (1.5 to 3.4), as compared with subjects without plaques. The adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.7 (1.1 to 2.6). No independent association was found between femoral lumen diameter and AAA. Conclusion— The lack of a consistent dose-response relationship between Atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic diameter suggests that Atherosclerosis may not be a causal event in AAA but develops in parallel with or secondary to aneurismal dilatation.
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age and sex differences in the distribution and ultrasound morphology of carotid Atherosclerosis the tromso study
Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 1999Co-Authors: Oddmund Joakimsen, Kaare H Bonaa, Eva Stenslandbugge, Bjarne K JacobsenAbstract:Abstract —Atherosclerosis begins early in life and is the major underlying cause of cardiovascular morbidity and death. Yet, population-based information on age and sex differences in the extent and morphology of Atherosclerosis throughout life is scarce. Carotid Atherosclerosis can be visualized with B-mode ultrasound and is a marker of Atherosclerosis elsewhere in the circulation. We assessed both the prevalence and the morphology of carotid Atherosclerosis by B-mode ultrasound in 3016 men and 3404 women, 25 to 84 years old, who participated in a population health survey. The participation rate was 88%. Plaque morphology was graded according to whether a plaque was predominantly soft (echolucent) or hard (echogenic). Atherosclerotic plaques were found in 55.4% of the men and 45.8% of the women. In men, there was a linear increase with age in the prevalence of carotid Atherosclerosis, whereas in women, there was a curvilinear age trend, with an inflection in the prevalence rate of women at ≈50 years of age. The male predominance in Atherosclerosis declined after the age of 50 years, the plaque prevalence being similar in elderly men and women. Men had softer plaques than women; this sex difference in plaque morphology increased significantly ( P =0.005) with age. The sex difference in the prevalence of Atherosclerosis and the female age trend in Atherosclerosis show significant changes at the age of ≈50 years, suggesting an adverse effect of menopause on Atherosclerosis. The higher proportion of soft plaques in men compared with women increases with age and may partly account for the prevailing male excess risk of coronary heart disease in the elderly despite a similar prevalence of Atherosclerosis in elderly men and women.
William Vandecker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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association of carotid artery intima media thickness with complex aortic Atherosclerosis in patients with recent stroke
Angiology, 2002Co-Authors: Panayotis Fasseas, Emmanouil S Brilakis, Biana Leybishkis, Marc Cohen, Alexis B Sokil, Nelson M Wolf, Rose Lee Dorn, Andrew B Roberts, William VandeckerAbstract:This study was undertaken to determine whether carotid intima-media thickness can predict complex aortic Atherosclerosis. A retrospective review was conducted of 64 consecutive patients who underwent transesophageal echocardiography and carotid ultrasonography for evaluation of recent ischemic stroke at MCP Hahnemann University, Medical College of Pennsylvania Hospital between January 1, 1999, and December 31, 1999. The mean age was 65+/-14 years and 59% of the patients were women. Thirty-nine patients (61%) had carotid Atherosclerosis (defined as an intima-media thickness > or =1 mm) and seven patients (11%) had complex aortic Atherosclerosis (defined as the presence of protruding atheroma > or =4 mm thick, mobile atherosclerotic debris, or plaque ulceration in any aortic segment by transesophageal echocardiography). Compared to patients without complex aortic Atherosclerosis, patients with complex aortic Atherosclerosis were more likely to have hypercholesterolemia (19% vs 57%, p = 0.05) and a carotid intima-media thickness of 2 mm or greater (35% vs 86%, p = 0.02). A carotid intima-media thickness of 2 mm or more had 86% sensitivity, 65% specificity, 23% positive predictive value, 97% negative predictive value, 2.5 positive likelihood ratio, and 0.22 negative likelihood ratio for the diagnosis of complex aortic Atherosclerosis. Carotid intimamedia thickness measurement can be used to noninvasively estimate the probability of complex aortic Atherosclerosis. A carotid intima-media thickness less than 2 mm makes complex aortic Atherosclerosis very unlikely.
